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"1001" Tests of Foods, 
Beverages and Toilet Accessories 




lARRrS S EWING 



Dr. Wiley at Work 

Tried in the balance and found ? 



REVISED EDITION 



1001 Tests 

of Foods, Beverages and Toilet 
Accessories, Good and Otherwise 



Why They Are So 

By 
Harvey W. Wiley, M.D. 

Director, Bureau of Foods, Sanitation and Health, 
Good Housekeeping Magazine 

Arranged by 

Anne Lewis Pierce, M.S. 

Formerly Editor, Bureau of Chemistry, 
U. S. Dept. of Agriculture 




Hearst's International Library Co. 
New York : : 1916 



-Vis 



Copyright, 1912, 1913, by 
Good Housekeeping Magazine 

Copyright, 1914, 1916, by 
Hearst's International Library Co., Inc. 



All rights reserved, including the trans- 
lation into foreign languages, including 
the Scandinavian, 



^ 



r; 



X9 



MAY 12 1916 

©CI.A431059 

S m 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

The chemical and microscopical work lying 
back of the first edition of this report was done 
under Doctor Wiley's direction, in the Institute 
of Industrial Kesearch, 19th and B Streets, 
North West, Washington, D. C, of which Dr. 
A. S. Cushman is Director. The detail of the 
work was supervised by Mr. H. C. Fuller, whose 
assistance in reviewing the data is also acknowl- 
edged. 

The additional reports, listed in the Appendix, 
represent for the most part products examined 
in the Lederle Laboratories, New York City, in 
accordance with Doctor Wiley's instructions, the 
data so obtained being submitted for his inter- 
pretation and the rating of the products. Dr. 
J. A. Deghuee of the Lederle Laboratories has 
supervised the chemical examinations. 



Contents 

PAGE 

The Pure Food Battle — Looking Backward and 

Forward, By H. W. Wiley ....... ix 

Key to Method of Rating Products .... xxviii 

Classified Lists of Tested Foods, Beverages and Cos- 
metics, with Comments — 

I Baking Powders, Yeasts, Etc. ., . . . 1 

II Beverages i. ;. . 5 

Chocolates and Cocoas 5 

Coffee and Tea 10 

Soft Drinks, Tonics and Medicated Bev- 
erages 19 

III Biscuits, Cakes, Etc 27 

IV Candies 33 

V Canned Goods; (See also Fish and Meats) 41 

Fruits (See also Dried Fruits) ... 45 
Milk Products, Infant's Foods, Etc. . . 48 
Soups, Extracts, Bouillon Cubes, Etc. . 61 

Vegetables 66 

VI Cereals and Cereal Products .... 72 

Breakfast Foods 72 

Flours, Meals and Brans 79 

Rice 88 

Spaghetti and Macaroni 91 

VII Condiments 95 

VIII Desserts 107 

IX Extracts 113 

X Fish (Canned, Dried, Etc.) . . ., ,.. 122 



CONTENTS 



PAGE 

XI Fruits (Dried) 126 

XII Household Remedies and Disinfectants . 130 

XIII Lard, Butters, and their Substitutes . . 145 

XIV Meats (Canned, Dried, Etc.) .... 149 
XV Olive Oils, Etc 153 

XVI Preserves, Pickles, Etc 157 

XVII Sugars and Saccharine Products . . . 1^3 
XVIII Toilet Articles 

Cold Creams 173 

Hair Tonics, Shampoos, Etc. .... 186 

Miscellaneous Preparations .... 193 

Perfumes , 198 

Powders o . . 202 

Soaps 209 

Tooth Powders, Pastes, Etc 216 

APPENDIX 

I Baking Powders, Yeasts, Etc 225 

II Beverages 

Chocolates 226 

Coffee and Tea 228 

Soft Drinks, Tonics and Medicated Bev- 
erages 231 

III Biscuits, Cakes, Etc 233 

IV Candies 235 

V Canned Goods 

Fruits 239 

Milk Products, Infants' Foods, Etc. . 240 

Soups, Extracts, Bouillon Cubes, Etc. . 242 

Vegetables 243 



CONTENTS 



PAGE 

VI Cereals and Cereal Products 

Breakfast Foods 246 

Flours, Meals and Brans 249 

Spaghetti and Macaroni .... 253 

VII Condiments 254 

VIII Desserts 257 

IX Extracts 262 

X Fish (Canned, Dried, Etc.) .... 264 
XII Household Remedies and Disinfectants . 267 

XIII Lard, Cheeses, Butter, and Their Substi- 

tutes 274 

XIV Meats (Canned, Dried, Etc.) .... 277 
XV Olive Oils, Etc 280 

XVI Preserves, Pickles, Etc 281 

XVII Sugars and Saccharine Products . . . 284 
XVIII Toilet Articles 

Cold Creams 286 

Hair Tonics, Shampoos, Etc. . . . 291 

Miscellaneous Preparations .... 294 

Perfumes 297 

Powders 299 

Soaps 304 

Tooth Powders, Pastes, Etc. .... 307 

Index 311 



THE PUEE FOOD BATTLE 
LOOKING BACKWARD AND FORWARD 

FOE a third of a century the fight for pure 
food has been waged and the end is not yet. 
No great question is ever settled until it is settled 
right. The game is not over until one or the 
other of the contestants is checkmated. Draws 
do not count. During this third of a century it 
has been my fortune to be in the thick of the fight, 
at first as a private, then through the various 
grades of leadership to colonel or even general of 
the brigade, and now agaia in the ranks. This 
battle has not, however, been a fight of a personal 
character as some late historians assert. It was 
and is a struggle for human rights as much as the 
Eevolution or the Civil War. A battle for the 
privilege of going free of robbery and with a 
guaranty of health. It has been and is a fight 
for the individual right against the vested interest, 
of the man against the dollar. My first partici- 
pation in the fray was a study of adulteration of 
table syrups for the Indiana Board of Health in 
1880 and my last (but I hope not final)^ is this 

ix 



X THE PURE FOOD BATTLE 

book on tested foods, beverages, and cosmetics. 
During those tbirty-four years I do not believe 
tbat any one caring to know has ever bad to ask 
wbicb side I am on. From the very first look 
into the awful conditions which so generally pre- 
vailed, up to the present time, with a survey of 
the intolerable evils that still exist, though happily 
to a less extent, I have stood always for food 
that is food. 

The evils of adulteration are not many in kind 
but they ramify into hundreds of channels. At 
first there was no ethical standard of excellence 
among manufacturers of food. If one man put 
out a high grade product another could call a low 
grade or adulterated article by the same name. 
A representative of a great food distributing con- 
cern who appeared before the Committee on In- 
terstate and Foreign Commerce to protest against 
the passage of the pending food bill, declared that 
the food industry of the country rested on fraud 
and deception. * * Make us leave preservatives and 
coloring matters out of our food,*' he declared, 
* ^ and call our products by the right name and you 
will bankrupt every food industry in the country." 
And he was sincere about it too. Dr. Victor C. 
Vaughan of the University of Michigan, now Presi- 
dent of the American Medical Association, came 



THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xi 

to Washington and testified to the harmless- 
ness of benzoate of soda in food and he was by 
no means the only, although the most renowned, 
professor who, in the interest of like ingredients, 
journeyed to Washington for the same purpose. 
Makers of so-called patent medicines sent a pow- 
erful lobby to Washington to see to it that the 
food and drug bill should never become a law. It 
was commonly asserted that patent medicine in- 
terests influenced the public press to such an ex- 
tent that the bill would never pass as long 
as it contained the sections relating to drug 
products. The powerful rectifiers of liquors in 
this country were a unit in opposing every step 
in the passage of a law that would interfere with 
making alleged old, mellow, intoxicating bever- 
ages bearing the name of the genuine product, 
out of alcohol and artificial flavors and colors. 
Grocers and druggists sent delegations to protest 
against the enactment of any measure that would 
prevent the sale of adulterated and debased ar- 
ticles or require full weight and measure. Every 
man who used alum, coal tar dyes, salicylic acid, 
burning sulphur fumes, benzoic acid, copper sul- 
phate, saltpeter, saccharin, borax, or other non- 
food ingredients in his products joined the solid 
phalanx that struggled to prevent the passage of 



xii THE PURE FOOD BATTLE 

a law whicli would interfere with these despic- 
able means of making money. Manufacturers 
and dealers who would gladly have continued to 
make pure and properly branded goods were 
forced by unfair competition to practice the arts 
of adulteration and misbranding. 

As the public was led into the knowledge of 
these abuses and the pressure began to be felt 
looking to their correction, the enemies of pure 
food began to cry ' * muckraking, " * * exaggeration, ' ' 
** publicity bureaus, '* ** yellow journalism," etc., 
seeking to raise a cloud of dust which would hide 
the real issue. A campaign of personal denun- 
ciation and disparagement was inaugurated of a 
magnitude that can only be appreciated by those 
whose activities and principles were directed to- 
ward the cleaning of the Augean stables of trade. 
By the accident of my official position, I had the 
good fortune to be the target of a veritable fusil- 
lade of poisoned arrows from every trade journal, 
newspaper and magazine which the adulterating 
interests could control. There was hardly a week 
that some interested organization or mercenary 
interest did not demand my removal from the pub- 
lic service. Detectives were placed on my track 
and every possible means employed to prejudice 
my scientific standing and official integrity. 



THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xiii 

Fortunately the more bitter and venomous tlie 
attacks the more rapidly the cause grew and 
waxed strong. The Federated Women's Clubs, 
the Patrons of Husbandry, the labor organizations 
and the medical profession all joined enthusias- 
tically the army fighting for pure food. Finally 
the first part of the long battle came to a close. 
The pure food army gained a complete victory. 
On the 30th day of June, 1906, the President of the 
United States signed the Act which forbade in- 
terstate and foreign commerce in adulterated or 
misbranded foods and drugs. Although the first 
battle was won the war was not over. The de- 
feated squadrons of the unethical and mercenary 
interests were driven from the field but they were 
not destroyed. What was their next move! To 
pervert the purposes of the Act and to control its 
execution. Under the provisions of the law the 
Bureau of Chemistry of which I was Chief, was 
charged with the analysis of all samples for the 
purpose of determining whether they were adul- 
terated or misbranded. The Bureau of Chemistry 
was pledged to one very simple but most impor- 
tant principle, namely: ''When in doubt protect 
the consumer." The interests pledged to adul- 
teration and misbranding were not slow to learn 
that they had nothing to hope from a Government 



xiv THE PURE FOOD BATTLE 

Bureau animated by such an unheard of rule. 
They immediately set about devising ways and 
means to put the Bureau of Chemistry out of busi- 
ness. They secured the appointment of another 
body, the Board of Food and Drug Inspection, 
charged, in direct contempt of the law, to decide 
the question of what was or was not an adul- 
teration or misbranding. The decisions of this il- 
legal board were by executive order made binding 
on the Bureau of Chemistry. 

The appointment of this Board was hailed with 
shouts of approval by every interest and every 
individual who had opposed the enactment of the 
law. They were not mistaken. In the most di- 
rect and contemptuous manner this Board pro- 
ceeded to do the kind of work which it was ap- 
pointed to accomplish. But there were certain 
difficulties in the way. The Bureau of Chemistry 
anticipating the probability of the passage of a 
food law had carried on extensive experiments on 
young men for a period of several years and had 
demonstrated that certain bodies used to preserve 
and color foods were injurious to health. These 
experiments had shown that boric acid and borax, 
salicylic acid and salicylates, sulphurous acid and 
sulphites, benzoic acid and benzoates and sulphate 
of copper were bodies seriously affecting health 



THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xv 

and therefore forbidden under the law to be placed 
in food. These conclusions so inimical to the in- 
terests of those who added them to foods and so 
beneficial to the eaters of foods must be set aside. 
How was this to be done 1 There was no legal way 
to accomplish it. The courts could not be de- 
pended upon, in fact they were so unmindful of 
the vested interests that they were in most cases 
actually supporting the findings of the Bureau of 
Chemistry. Therefore, resort was again had to 
executive action. Without due regard to the pro- 
visions of the law questions relating to the ef- 
fect of certain of these preservatives on health 
were referred to a Commission of Scientific Ex- 
perts, established by executive order. Pending 
the action of this Commission the adulterators 
were permitted to poison the people of the country 
ad libitum and the Bureau of Chemistry was di- 
rected to bring no action against those who used 
these poisonous products. 

What followed? A hallelujah chorus from all 
the cohorts of adulteration. It was a complete 
triumph for the hosts of Satan in so far as offi- 
cialdom was concerned. But not so with an out- 
raged Public Opinion. The press and the people 
and also many food manufacturers rallied in over- 
whelming numbers to the support of the Bureau 



xvi THE PURE FOOD BATTLE 

of Chemistry, hindered and halted. Earely if 
ever has there been seen in any country such an 
overwhelming condemnation of official acts. 
Practically, however, the Janus doors of adul- 
teration were wide open to such manufacturers as 
chose to use them. To the credit of the American 
business man it can be said that comparatively 
few availed themselves of this official indulgence 
to poison and defraud. 

How deadly these concessions to adulteration 
have proved to the states that have attempted a 
better execution of the law than that instituted 
by the National Government, is vividly shown by 
an article in the Monthly Bulletin of the Indiana 
State Board of Health for December, 1913. The 
title of the article is * * Benzoate of Soda and Sul- 
phites," and the quotation is as follows: 

** After hearing little from these old friends for more 
than a year, we are forced to admit that the lessons of 
the past have not been sufficiently thorough to protect 
our markets, for recent samples of cider have shown the 
presence of benzoate of soda, and several samples of 
grape juice have been found to be bleached and pre- 
served with sulphurous acid. Occasional samples of so- 
called Maraschino cherries, tomato catsup and sweet 
pickles collected from towns supplied from Cincinnati 
and Chicago have also shown these preservatives. 



THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xvii 

**Two things are evident. We can never relax our 
vigilance in the protection of the food supply in the be- 
lief that we have reached a pure food millenium, and 
further, it is unwise to rely too firmly in the belief 
that manufacturers shipping goods into the State are 
careful to advise themselves as to our laws before they 
take their orders or make shipments." 

In about a year the Remsen Board brought in 
its first verdict over-ruling the Bureau of Chem- 
istry on the benzoate matter, and by ofiicial pro- 
mulgation the food manufacturers of this country 
were promised complete immunity in the use of 
benzoic acid and benzoate in any food and in any 
quantity they might choose. There is a wide- 
spread impression that the quantity permitted is 
limited to one-tenth of one per cent. This is not 
so. A food manufacturer may put a shovelful of 
benzoate into any quantity of food he pleases and 
he is promised perfect immunity in so doing. No 
more outrageous and intolerable disregard of pub- 
lic rights and morals was ever perpetrated by the 
most vicious despotism described in the world's 
history. After a few years more the Remsen 
Board rendered another decision supporting the 
action of the Bureau of Chemistry in declaring 
saccharin an unfit ingredient of human food, but 
meanwhile during all these years the public was 



xviii THE PURE FOOD BATTLE 

exposed to its free and unlimited use. Again a 
short time ago the Remsen Board rendered a ver- 
dict supporting the contention originally made by 
the Bureau of Chemistry, that sulphate of copper 
is a poisonous body, and as such should not be 
added to food. Thus again the people of this 
country were exposed to the dangers of eating 
copper salts for five years, simply because adul- 
terators demanded a review, hoping for a reversal 
of the decision of the Bureau. 

The other questions referred to the Remsen 
Board, namely, the effect of sulphurous acids and 
sulphites and of alum on health, up to March of 
1914, remain unanswered by the Remsen Board, 
or if answered the verdict is sealed in impene- 
trable gloom in the Department of Agriculture. 
Now for nearly seven years our people have been 
exposed to serious injury by the presence of these 
poisons in foods, under the high, though illegal, 
interpretation of a law enacted to protect the 
American people but turned by executive procla- 
mation to the protection of adulterators ! 

This country has for so many years existed in 
an atmosphere of the sacred rights of the dollar 
that these concessions to Mammon have been 
looked upon as the chief function of law and its 
interpretation. This sentiment has been still more 



THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xix 

definitely crystallized by the decisions of the Su- 
preme Court, which on the two occasions in which 
the purpose of the law to protect the consumer 
has been under advisement has ruled adversely to 
his interests. The first of these decisions was in 
the famous Johnson Cancer Case, in which the 
Court ruled that the law against false statements 
did not apply to the cure-all claims of the fake 
remedy; and the second case, viz., that of the 
United States vs. Bleached Flour, that poisons 
may be added to food unless the proof of possible 
injury to health is convincing. 

During these long and unsavory years I tried 
to the best of my ability to discharge faithfully the 
difficult duties committed to me, in harmony with 
the obligations of my solemn oath of office and in 
the interest of the American people. In spite of 
official disfavor which made my environment par- 
ticularly hard and in spite of the bitter denuncia- 
tion of a few journals (a mere fraction of the en- 
tire press of the country) inspired by a question- 
able zeal, I held on, hoping that some change might 
come and that the spirit of service to the people 
might again enter into the heart of our high rulers. 
And what then? Colleagues preferred serious 
charges against me without the shadow of a foun- 
dation, my superior officers lent a ready ear, I 



XX THE PURE FOOD BATTLE 

was tried in a Star Chamber without my knowl- 
edge and on ex 'parte evidence, convicted and sen- 
tenced to be dismissed from the position that I 
had held for nearly thirty years. This outrageous 
proceeding attracted the attention of Congress. 
A searching investigation of the charges against 
me was made and I was unanimously exonerated. 
Nevertheless, the men who had falsely and mali- 
ciously accused me and manufactured the evidence 
on which I was convicted were continued in office 
and in favor. As a protest against this condition 
of affairs I resigned as Chief of the Bureau of 
Chemistry on March 15, 1912. 

Within two weeks of that time on April 1, 1912, 
I began my work for Good Househeeping with a 
guarantee of academic freedom of expression and 
an advisory supervision of the advertisements of 
foods, remedies and cosmetics admitted to its col- 
umns. No one who has not experienced what I 
went through can conceive of the feeling of relief 
which I then enjoyed. Coming out of a field in 
which all the foremen had been my enemies I 
entered a garden of activity in which all the head 
men were my friends. In this favorable environ- 
ment I have had unrestricted opportunity to carry 
on my battle for pure food, finding no enemy to 
stab me in the back. In connection with this work 



THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xxi 

I have had the good fortune with the laboratory 
facilities given me by Good Housekeeping to ex- 
amine chemically more than a thousand samples 
of common foods, beverages, cosmetics and con- 
fections. I have also been permitted to criticise 
the labels and advertisements by means of which 
these products are offered to the consumer. In 
the great battle for the right a determined and 
methodical assault has been made upon false and 
misleading representation to the public. The fake 
remedy, the inert appliance, the exaggerated vir- 
tue, all are intended to mislead and deceive. Per- 
fect candor and truth should characterize all 
claims made for all merchandise. The public gaze 
is already turned on these faults. The press is 
already taking notice. The Associated Advertis- 
ing Clubs of the country have undertaken a sys- 
tematic campaign against these extravagant and 
often harmful misrepresentations. Pure Adver- 
tising is fit handmaiden for Pure Food. 

These are the objects I have had in view in the 
work done under the auspices of Good Housekeep- 
ing. The way in which these principles have been 
used as measuring rods to guide me in the de- 
cisions reached call for a word of explanation that 
the scope and results of the work may not be mis- 
interpreted and the maximum amount of practical 



xxii THE PURE FOOD BATTLE 

good may be done. "While these investigations 
were undertaken primarily to protect the adver- 
tising columns of Good Housekeeping, their deeper 
purpose was to render a constructive service to 
the cause of pure food and its honest labeling, 
merchandising, and advertising. This service 
could only be made broadly effective by placing 
on record the results of our findings on the thou- 
sand or more samples of foods, drug products and 
cosmetics that have passed through the laboratory 
during the past two years together with the rea- 
sons of those decisions. This is for the mutual 
advantage of the progressive manufacturer and 
the woman buyer who in many cases is groping 
blindly in a maze of doubts and fears as to what 
is and what is not an adulterated or misbranded 
package. 

No one can realize more clearly the limitations 
and imperfections of such a piece of work than 
those who have struggled with the detail of it. 
It is urged that such partial lists, of necessity open 
to differences of opinion as to their grading, work 
injustices, are incomplete and therefore should not 
be printed. This does not seem to be an adequate 
reason for lacking the courage to take the next 
step and submit the work on its merits as far as 
it has been carried. No change, no reform, no 



THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xxiii 

big piece of work has ever been carried through 
without minor and incidental hardships, and while 
the impossibility of perfection in such an under- 
taking is manifest, the doing of it seems none 
the less serviceable and worth while, from the 
broadest point of view. 

Among the difficulties that beset the task are 
these: As the chemist and microscopist can not 
take the place of the factory inspector, some de- 
fects are not disclosed by analysis though pro- 
nounced bad conditions might be reflected in the 
product. The products of the same company vary 
from time to time, or from season to season — the 
output is not uniform, any more than is the out- 
put of the home kitchen, and therefore determina- 
tions on one or two samples may be misleading. 
This is especially true of goods handled by jobbers, 
bought here and there, and labeled with a common 
brand or distributor's name. Again an excellent 
product may be extravagantly labeled and mis- 
leadingly praised, while a mediocre one may be ir- 
reproachable in this regard, and the rating must 
be balanced to give the sanest and most practical 
help to the buyer. These and many other inter- 
acting causes make ^'whitelisting'' a thankless 
undertaking. This book is not a white list nor a 
black list. There are doubtless many products 



xxiv THE PURE FOOD BATTLE 

not mentioned which are as good as those we have 
examined ; and no effort was made to find products 
to condemn. On the other hand, we sought in the 
open market those foods having a general sale and 
presumably of the best quality, that the advice 
might be positive rather than negative in its char- 
acter. 

It is something to be able to say definitely that 
the representative samples of the products listed, 
on which we shared the consumer's luck, are free 
from injurious or debasing ingredients, are at 
least of standard quality, and in many cases are 
superior to the requirements maintained by fed- 
eral and state regulations, that the package offers 
honest weight or measure, and that the labeling 
is not misleading in any essential particular. 
And that is what we do say of the ** starred'' prod- 
ucts reported. Occasionally a meaningless flight 
of fancy on the label or in the circular matter of a 
very fine quality product has been but lightly 
scored — the most practical service seeming to de- 
mand this. Some may think that too much stress 
has been laid upon exaggerated claims. But the 
importance of insisting on truthful descriptions 
of foods, drugs, and cosmetics, their uses and 
value, as well as their composition, can not be 
overestimated, whether the statements appear on 



THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xxv 

the label, in circulars, or in the advertisement. 
Otherwise the consumer is hopelessly at the mercy 
of the imagination of the label or advertisement 
writer, all relative sense of value is lost, and in- 
telligent buying is impossible. To permit it in 
any marked degree, because the product is other- 
wise a good one, halts the whole reform movement, 
as it makes competition unfair, the honest man's 
sanely described product being overshadowed by 
the vocabulary of his business rival. Far reach- 
ing and radical changes have been made in the 
descriptive material of many well known products, 
since the folly of claiming that everything is the 
**best" the '*most nutritious,'^ the **only thing'* 
of the kind worth buying, becomes rather striking 
when all of these superlatives are gathered to- 
gether within a few pages of each other in our 
magazines and newspapers. A shrieking chorus 
of contradictory superlatives gets no one any- 
where, either buyer or seller. 

It will be noted that products ranging from 85 
to 100 per cent, are starred. Manifestly there 
must exist among these minor differences of 
quality, the use of more or less expensive packages 
and wrapping, etc. A product rated at 85 is not 
so near perfection as one rated at 95. An olive 
oil, for example, may be pure, meet all the required 



xxvi THE PURE FOOD BATTLE 

tests and standards, but be less characteristic in 
odor and flavor, less distinctive in character than 
another. The preference may be largely a matter 
of taste and it did not seem practicable to en- 
deavor to distinguish any more closely between 
grades of excellence than this. The problem is 
further complicated by the question of relative 
cost. One product may be wholesome, nutritious 
or pleasing, and a good bargain at 50 cents, though 
not so delicious, nor of quite such high grade 
as something of the same kind sold at a dollar. 
Plainly this is a question in itself and one that 
could be given only secondary consideration in 
grading a large number of miscellaneous products. 
The housewife must adapt the findings to her own 
taste and pocketbook to some extent. 

The same questions arise repeatedly in corre- 
spondence, concerning certain classes of foods, the 
special adulterations to be avoided, the points to 
be noted in reading the labels, the standards that a 
first class product should attain, and so on. The 
introduction to each classified list of products is 
intended to cover as briefly and simply as possible 
some of these salient points, to aid the judgment 
of the housekeeper in general buying and to as- 
sist in an intelligent interpretation of the ratings. 

One of the many bright lights in the rather thick 



THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xxvii 

cloud of difficulties tliat hung about tliis pioneer 
effort was the readiness of most of the leading 
manufacturers and advertising men to modify 
claims, labels, and advertisements when inconsist- 
encies and inaccuracies were brought to their at- 
tention. The time is undoubtedly coming when it 
will be a confession of inferiority to overrate or 
distort the merits and special uses of any com- 
modity — just as any boaster is self-branded a 
light-weight rather than a man of parts. To 
hasten the coming of this day, to uphold the hands 
of the manufacturers, who in a transition period, 
at some sacrifice and under unfair conditions of 
competition, are willing to make this advance and 
speak the plain truth about an honest product, 
depending on merit rather than on language to sell 
their goods; and to serve the housekeepers, who 
are the buyers of the nation's food and on whose 
judgment and wise selection the health of thou- 
sands of workers and children largely depend — 
we offer this report of progress, believing that in 
spite of its necessary limitations, it will be useful 
to buyer and seller alike. The object is neither 
to praise nor to condemn, but to serve. To fur- 
nish a stepping stone in the quagmire of doubts 
that the food agitation has created, to lay a foun- 
dation for further work, to provide the housewife 



Note: Changes and corrections in ratings have been made 
from time to time based on re-examinations, and on corrections 
and improvements made in labeling and circular material (and 
for such improvements we are always eager to give credit). It 
has also seemed advisable, as the work gathered prestige and 
authority, to extend the star rating to some products of good 
value and quality, which had originally been de-rated solely on 
account of over enthusiasm and obvious exaggerations. While 
we still deprecate such labeling and shall continue in a construc- 
tive fashion to point out such statements and exclude them from 
the magazine, the best service to the consumer demands that a 
passing rating be accorded if the quality of the product is satis- 
factory, attention being called to flaws of this general nature in 
label "or circulars. Specifically misleading statements however 
are not tolerated even to this extent. 



"1001" TESTS 

Classified Lists of Tested Foods, Beverages 
and Cosmetics with Comments. 



BAKING POWDERS, YEASTS, ETC. 

THERE are three kinds of baking powders, tlie 
cream of tartar type; the phosphate pow- 
ders; and the alum powders. From the stand- 
point of economy, what the housekeeper wants is 
the powder with the highest carbon dioxide con- 
tent and the minimum of starch or filler necessary 
to preserve its strength. High grade powders 
contain from 12 to 14 per cent, of carbon dioxide. 
Below 10 per cent, is poor quality. All leave a 
mineral residue in the bread and for this and other 
reasons I believe them to be relatively less health- 
ful than the products made with yeast. For con- 
venience, for quick use, etc., the baking powders 
are unequaled, and the hot bread, cakes, pancakes, 
so made fill a permissible role in the menu, if not 

** over-worked.'' 

1 



1001 TESTS 



The alum powders are the least desirable, there 
being grave question as to their wholesomeness. 
Between the other two types there is not much to 
choose. Two teaspoonfuls of a tartrate powder 
leave in a loaf made from a quart of flour, 
about 165 grains of Eochelle salts, 45 grains 
more than a Seidlitz powder. The phosphate 
type leaves in the loaf a still larger amount 
of phosphate of lime and phosphate of soda, the 
latter being slightly purgative. The alum pow- 
ders leave a deposit of hydrate of aluminum and 
sulphate of soda, or if phosphate is used, which is 
now generally the case, phosphate of aluminum is 
also present. There is some difference of opinion 
as to the degree of solubility of aluminum salts 
and their exact physiological effect. (See p. 4.) 

The use of egg albumin in baking powders while 
harmless in itself has led to serious abuses. Dem- 
onstrations to show effectiveness give misleading 
results when one powder contains the egg albumin 
and the other does not. A federal court has en- 
joined the use of egg albumin in tests of this kind 
as deceptive. A comparison of two powders both 
containing this substance enables one to distin- 
guish between old and new powders in a general 
iway. Formerly, many powders contained a slight 
trace of either lead (in cream of tartar powders) 



BAKING POWDERS, YEASTS, ETC. 3 

or arsenic (in phosphate powders), but these bod- 
ies are now practically eliminated from well- 
made products. 

TESTED BAKING POWDERS, YEASTS, ETC. 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Calumet Baking Powder Company, Chicago, 111. 

(N) Calumet Baking Powder. {Contains alum and egg 
albumen declared on label. Doubtful if ^* com- 
plete neutralization'^ of alum is always effected 
as claimed.) 

Cleveland Baking Powder Company, New York City. 

* Cleveland's Superior Baking Powder. {Cream of 

tartar type.) 
Corby Brothers, Washington, D. C. 

* Yeast. 

Davis, R. B., Company, Hoboken, N. J. 

(N) Davis 0. K. Baking Powder. (An alum baking 
powder, correctly labeled.) 

Fleischmann, Company, The, Washington, D. C. 

* Yeast. {Good yeast but starch present, presence 

of ^^ tapioca flour'' being declared in very small 
type.) 

Gumbert, S., and Company, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
(N) Up-Rise Baking Powder. {Alum baking powder 



1001 TESTS 



containing egg albumen, and correctly la- 
heled.) 

Jaques Manufacturing Company, Chicago, 111. 

(N) K. C. Baking Powder. {An alum hakiiig pow- 
der, accurately labeled.) 

Price Baking Powder Company, Chicago, 111. 

* Dr. Price's Cream Baking Powder. {Cream of 

tartar type.) 
Royal Baking Powder Company, New York City. 

* Royal Baking Powder. {Cream of tartar type, 

excellent product but claim ^^ absolutely pure,^* 
objectionable.) 
Rumford Chemical Works, Providence, R. I. 

* Rumford Baking Powder. {Phosphate type.) 
Slade, D. and L., Company, Boston, Mass. 

■jlr Congress Baking Powder. {Cream of tartar type.) 
ic Absolutely Pure Grape Cream of Tartar. {Equal 
to PharmacopoBial standard as claimed, but 
phrase '^absolutely pure" objectionable.) 

* Baking Soda — Absolutely Pure Saleratus. {Same.) 

(Note: The Referee Board of Consulting Scientific Experts has 
advised the Department of Agriculture that the residue from alum 
baking poavders is not harmful in ordinary amounts and there- 
fore that alum may be used in pickles and other food products. 
The federal courts have held in a similar ruling relating to benzo- 
ate of soda that the evidence of harmlessness is not conclusive. 
If food products containing alum are conspicuously labeled the 
public will probably take the same attitude respecting alum that 
it holds concerning benzoate of soda. I have not experimented 
with alum myself and therefore have rated the alum powders 
as (N) Non-committal.) 



n 

BEVERAGES 
CHOCOLATES AND COCOAS 

THESE are some of the questions repeatedly 
asked in regard to cocoas and chocolates — 
with their answers. 

1. What is the difference between cocoa and 
chocolate — which is better to nse? Cocoa is 
merely chocolate from which about half of the fat 
has been removed. It has therefore less heat 
value but is a better balanced food and is for that 
reason preferred for invalids and children, the 
chocolate being * Uoo rich. ' ' The cocoas have from 
20 to 27 per cent, of fat, and the chocolates, 45 to 
50 per cent., 45 per cent, being required by the 
standard. 

2. Is there a poisonous drug called theobromin 
in chocolate? There is a trace of caffein and 
about 1.8 per cent, of theobromin in cocoa. This 
is an alkaloid related to caffein but is generally 
conceded to be relatively free from any marked 
action on the nerve centers. Further than this 
cocoa and chocolate being made with milk and hav- 

5 



1001 TESTS 



ing more food value the stimulating effect of this 
ingredient is much decreased. We do not hear 
much of the ** cocoa habit'* or of folks who ^^ can't 
get through the day without it. ' ' 

3. Is an alkali-treated cocoa harmful? Why is 
it done? Only about 25 per cent, of cocoa is solu- 
ble in water, and the so-called * * Dutch process ' ' or 
treating with an alkali, is practiced because it com- 
bines with the fat and makes an emulsion, thus ap- 
parently increasing the solubility while really it 
does not do so at all. The process is not regarded 
with general favor, as it increases the mineral con- 
stituents, adding about 3 per cent, of alkalies to the 
cocoa, but one cannot say that it is actually in- 
jurious. The practice is questionable, and the 
consumer should be given the benefit of the doubt, 
therefore, the presence of these alkalies should al- 
ways be plainly declared, that invalids and those of 
delicate digestion may avoid such brands. Ex- 
travagant claims in regard to the special merits of 
the treatment, resulting solubility, digestibility, 
etc., are misleading. 

4. What is plain or bitter chocolate? This 
product should be composed of the roasted, 
crushed cocoa nibs only. These nibs contain 
over 50 per cent, of fat. The bitter chocolates 
of commerce contain from 45 to 49 per cent, of fat 



BEVERAGES 



only, showing the removal of a small part of the 
fat or the addition of some drying substance, such 
as sugar or starch. 

5. What are the adulterants of cocoas ? Starch 
and cocoa shells are sometimes added; iron oxide 
is occasionally added to cheap products to color 
them ; added sugar is also considered an adulterant 
from the standpoint that it is a cheaper product 
mixed with the more expensive one for which you 
are paying. Sweetened chocolate should be so 
labeled. There is practically no adulteration of 
brands of any reputation. 

TESTED BEVERAGES 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 814; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

TESTED CHOCOLATES AND COCOAS 
Baker, Walter, and Company, Dorchester, Mass. 

* Breakfast Cocoa. (Claim *^ absolutely pure'' un- 
tenable, as always.) 
Bensdorp, Amsterdam, Holland. (Bartlett, Stephen L., 
Company.) 
(N) Royal Dutch Cocoa. (A good Dutch process 
cocoa but presence of added mineral ingredients 
makes statement, '*Is acknowledged by the lead- 
ing authorities to be an absolutely pure cocoa,'' 
especially objectionable.) 



8 1001 TESTS 



Blockers, Amsterdam, and New York. 

* Blocker's Daalders Cacao. (Dutch process 3% 

per cent, alkali added, properly labeled; good 
quality.) 

Huyler's, New York. 

* Cocoa, Huyler's. (Mineral ingredients slightly 

high; not added alkali, however.) 
"k Premium Chocolate. 

Lowney, Walter M. Company, Boston, Mass. 

* Breakfast Cocoa. (Good quality. Extravagant 

claims. '' Unlike any other''; ' ' Of special bene- 
fit to those of delicate digestion.") 

Maillard, Henry, 35th and Fifth Avenue, New York, 
N. Y. 

* Maillard 's Breakfast Cocoa. (Extravagant claims 

as to solubility, ^^ absolute purity." No cocoa 
is ^ thoroughly soluble.") 
'A Maillard 's Premium Chocolate. 

Peter Cailler Kdhler Swiss Chocolates Company, Ful- 
ton, N. Y. 

* Breakfast Cocoa. (^'Absolutely pure" claim ex- 

travagant.) 
Phillips, Charles H. Chemical Company, New York. 
(N) Phillips Digestihle Cocoa. (No right to the claim 
of special digestibility ; phosphates added, about 
20% of sugar and vanilla — declared on label.) 



BEVERAGES 9 



Stollwerck Brothers, Inc., New York. 

* Gold Brand Premium Chocolate. 

Van Houten and Sons, Holland. 

(N) Van Houten 's Famous Cocoa, Unexcelled. 
{Greatly exaggerated claims as to improvement 
of the product hy the Dutch treatment with 
alkali.) 

Whitman, Stephen F., and Son, Philadelphia, Pa. 

* Instantaneous Sweet Chocolate. {A good choco- 

late, lut about half sugar, 26% fat.) 



COFFEE AND TEA 

All that the chemist can do to protect the buyer 
of coffee and tea is to assure him that the product 
is not faced or artificially colored, does not consist 
of dried stems instead of leaves in the case of tea, 
or is not coated with injurious substances and 
mixed with adulterants such as chicory in the case 
of coffee ; to make sure that the amount of extract 
yielded is what it should be ; that odor and flavor 
are good and that the tea and coffee are free from 
dirt. In the case of teas the samples were com- 
pared with a set of standard Treasury samples for 
grading purposes. These points have been deter- 
mined for the samples reported but when it comes 
to fine gradations in quality, this is a matter for 
the expert and the individual as personal tastes 
vary widely and the practice of blending many 
different kinds of teas and coffees and selling them 
under fancy names, makes it impossible to estab- 
lish any more definite standards. This is espe- 
cially true in the case of teas. Wide variations in 
price exist among some of the starred samples and 
corresponding variations in quality naturally are 
found, but the teas approved are all standard and 

10 



BEVERAGES 11 

good quality for the price asked. A frank state- 
ment on the label as to the kind of coffee entering 
into the blend of package goods bearing pro- 
prietary fancy names would clarify the whole sit- 
uation and enable the buyer to judge both of price 
and relative quality and to know what coffees 
produce the preferred flavor. Why should we buy 
a **pig in a poke*'? Why not know what blend 
of coffees we purchase ? Such package goods, giv- 
ing the buyer no inkling as to the nature and qual- 
ity of the contents, do not always lead to fraud 
but it makes it perilously easy if a manufacturer is 
looking for such an opportunity. Let the house- 
keeper stand for intelligent, simple labels that 
mean something. 

The coffee and tea drinker knows that he is taking 
caff ein, a nerve stimulant, and more or less habit- 
forming drug when he takes these beverages, and 
the tannic acid present may affect the digestion 
more or less, varying with the individual suscepti- 
bility. There is no doubt but what the excessive 
use of tea and coffee injuriously affects a large 
percentage of the persons using them and in many 
cases of idiosyncrasy even small quantities are 
harmful. 

The only other point of special interest is the 
''cereal coffees'* or so-called coffee substitutes. 



12 1001 TESTS 



These are not substitutes for coffee in that they 
do not produce the same effect, do not have the 
same flavor, and cannot fill their place. They are 
harmless, their chief sin lying in the extraordinary 
claims made as to their nutritive value. As a 
matter of fact they contain in general about one- 
twentieth the nutrition of skimmed milk and their 
only virtue lies in providing a warm, harmless 
beverage and restricting the use of the caffein- 
bearing drinks. A true ** decaffeinated" coffee 
would practically serve this purpose at the same 
time providing a better flavored product. 

So-called instantaneous coffees, under whatever 
branding are made from an aqueous extract of 
coffee, evaporated to dryness, at a low tempera- 
ture, usually by aid of a vacuum, preserving as far 
as possible the aromatic constituents of the ex- 
tract. There is no method of drying, however, 
which can preserve all of the volatile flavors and 
qualities of coffee. The instantaneous coffees 
must, therefore, of necessity lack some of the de- 
liciousness of the freshly made beverage. The 
claims which are made for them in regard to in- 
creased wholesomeness, lower content of caffein or 
tannic acid, are not borne out by the analytical 
data. These coffees are most convenient for 
campers and on all occasions when the quick 



BEVERAGES IS 

preparation of the beverage is desirable. This 
appears to me to be their sole useful role. 

TESTED COFFEES, AND COFFEE 
SUBSTITUTES 

(Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Arbuckle Brothers, New York. 

(N) Ariosa Coffee. (Good quality for price; state- 
ments on label mildly extravagant; coated with 
sugar and egg.) 
* Yuban, The Arbuckle Guest Coffee. {A good 
hlend.) 

Aroma Coffee Company, Duluth, Minnesota. 

(N) Caldwell's Electric Cut, not ground coffee. 
(Claims on label extravagant as to removal of 
tannin, quality, etc.) 

Baker Importing Company, 109 Hudson Street, New 
York, N. Y. 
tAt Bakerized Steel Cut Coffee. (Claims for special 
process slightly exaggerated; evenly ground and 
clean, hut no mxirhed effect on composition de- 
termined.) 

Blanke, C. F., Tea and Coffee Company, St. Louis, 
Missouri. 



14 1001 TESTS 



* Coffee. (Extravagant quality claims.) 

(D) Fairy Cup Instant Coffee. {Clwims as to the re- 
moval of caffein and tannin not substantiated.) 
Blendo Food Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 

(D) Blendo. {Absurd claims as to nutritive value 
and *' superior to coffee'^ flavor; a mixture of 
roasted peas, rye and barley.) 
Borden's Condensed Milk Company, New York, N. Y. 

(N) Borden's Condensed Coffee. {A very smM 
amount of coffee with sugar and condensed 
milk sold for 31 cents for 151/2 ounces. 
Slightly short weight on samples tested.) 

Chase and Sanborn, Boston, Mass. 

* Seal Brand Coffee. 

Clark, Coggins and Johnson Company, Boston, Mass. 
(N) Puri-tan-ated Brand Coffee. {''Nourishing'* 
claims extravagant, claims for effect of special 
process in removing tannin, etc., unwarranted.) 

Climax Coffee Company, Chicago, Illinois. 

* Mrs. Rorer's Brand Own Blend Coffee. {Extreme 

claims as to keeping qualities.) 
Crosse and Blackwell, London and New York. 

(N) Pure Essence of Coffee. {Extractives rather low, 
hardly a true ''essence.'') 

Dwinell- Wright Company, Boston, Mass. — Chicago, 111. 
'k White House Brand Coffee. 

Fischer, B., and Company, New York. 

* Hotel Astor Coffee. 



BEVERAGES 15 



Githens, Rexsamer and Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 

* The *'400" Blend Roasted Coffee. 

G. Washington Coffee Sales Company, New York, N. Y. 
(N) G. Washington Prepared Coffee. (A good in- 
stantaneous coffee; claims as to harmlessness, 
etc., much exaggerated as most of the caffein 
remains, *' Drink all the coffee you want^' dan- 
gerous and misleading advice.) 

Harris, W. B., Company, New York City. 

* Royal Stag Coffee. 

Kellogg Food Company, Battle Creek, Mich. 

(N) Kellogg 's Cereal Beverage, Minute Brew. 
(Boasted, pulverized grain, no more ^ ^health- 
fuV than other cereal coffees.) 
Kneipp Malt Food Company, Mantowoc, Wisconsin. 
(N) Kneipp Malt, (A Coffee Substitute) . {Claimed to 
he a roasted malt; so hurned that malting can 
not he confirmed. Flavored with an extract from 
the leaves and pericarp of the coffee plant.) 

Levering Coffee Company, The, Baltimore, Md. 

* Tourist Coffee. 

Lockyer and Company, Chicago, 111. 

* Extra Fancy B. Coffee. 

* Extra Fancy C. Coffee. 

Merck and Company, New York, (Distributors). 

* Dekofa. {A true decaffeinated coffee, containing 



16 1001 TESTS 



only 0.15 per cent, of caffein, which is as near 
complete removal as can he attained.) 

Panama Banana Fruit Company, New York. 

(N) Banan-Nutro. (A product made from ground 
roasted bananas. Exaggerated claims as to nu- 
tritive value. Not a ^'king of substitutes for 
coffee*' in so far as flavor is concerned.) 

Porto Rico Trading Company, Inc., 127 Franklin 
Street, New York, N. Y. 

* Queen Isabella Porto Rico Coffee. 
Postum Cereal Company. 

(N) Instant Postum. (Boasted cereals with an excess 
of mineral ingredient Sy source unknown: harm" 
less, hut claims much exaggerated.) 

(N) Postum Cereal. {Same.) 
Potter and Wrightington, Boston, Mass. 

(D) Old Grist Mill. A substitute for coffee. {Con- 
tains wheat, peas, and dandelion, and some cof- 
fee, ohjectionahle in a '^coffee substitute,'' 
claims as to aiding digestion, preserving com- 
plexion, etc., misleading.) 

Quinby, W. S., Company, Boston, Mass. 

* La Touraine, The perfect coffee. {^'Perfection" 

exag gyrated!) 

Sprague, Warner and Company, Chicago, HI. 

(N) Richlieu Brand Hans Evers Process Vacuum 
Treated Coffee. {Claims as to removal of 



BEVERAGES 17 



harmful products hy vacuum process not sub- 
stantiated; caffein still present,) 

TESTED TEAS 

Asiatic Products Company, San Francisco, California., 

* Dalmoy Blend Tea. 

* London Blend Brand Tea. 

* Sa-Sa-Ma Brand Tea. 

Bemdt and Company, Baltimore, Md. 

(D) Juno Mate Paraguayan Tea (Ilex Paraguayensis) . 
(Contains as much caffein as coffee and stiU 
most extravagant claims are made as to health- 
fulness, food value, freedom from had after ef- 
fects, etc. Product unohjectionahle hut no 
ground found for such claims.) 

Blanke, C. F., Tea and Coffee Company, St. Louis, 
Missouri. 

* Magic Cup Soluble Tea. 

Dwinell- Wright Company, Boston, Mass. — Chicago, III. 

* White House Brand Orange Pekoe Tea. 

Fischer, B., and Company. 

* Hotel Astor Tea. 

Oillet, Martin and Company, Baltimore, Md. 

(N) House of Lords, Ceylon Tea. (A heavy, liquor- 
ing tea; not well cleaned.) 

* Standard HE-NO Tea. (A good grade of green 

tea.) 



18 1001 TESTS 



Harris, W. B., and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Royal Stag Tea. {Good for price; 36 cenis a 

pound, not highest quality.) 

Lipton, London and New York. 

* Lipton *s Tea — Extra Choice Blend of Ceylon and 

India Tea — ^Black. 
ik Lipton 's Extra Choicest Blend of Ceylon and In- 
dia Tea — Black, blend A. 

* Lipton 's Ceylon and India Tea — Black, blend B. 

Quinby, W. S., Company, Boston, and Chicago, 111. 

* Golden Dome Orange Pekoe Ceylon Tea. {A sixty 

cent tea, good flavor hut not exceptional; sold 
in hulk to retailers and hranded hags furnished 
for sales to consumer.) 

Salada Tea Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Salada Tea. 

* Salada Ceylon and India Tea. 

Tetley, Joseph, and Company, London, Bng. 
ic Tetley 's Tea, Black, India and Ceylon. 

Victoria Tea Company, Chicago, 111. 

* *'My Own" blend Tea— Blend No. 1. 

* *'My Own'' blend Tea— Blend No. 2. 



SOFT DRINKS, TONICS, AND MEDICATED 
BEVERAGES 

While the miscellaneous bottled soft drinks on 
the market with the exception of those bearing 
habit-forming drugs, such as Coca Cola (caffein), 
cannot be said to be absolutely injurious, they rep- 
resent to my mind second grade products of a mis- 
cellaneous composition which does not recommend 
them for consumption by the young or for a place 
in a list of high grade products. Many of the 
most highly prized remedies are of vegetable origin 
and almost every root, herb, or extract, found in 
these so-called soft drinks is described as a drug 
in the pharmacopoeia, the official standard of 
drugs. If these bodies have the remedial values 
assigned to them they should not be given pro- 
miscuously to healthy people. Why give your 
child an extract of barks and roots colored with 
caramel, many of them having medicinal proper- 
ties, or a ginger ale, owing its pungency chiefly to 
capsicum, or a sarsaparilla, which has never seen 
sarsaparilla, but is made from wintergreen, and 
sassafras, and colored with caramel, when you 
can always obtain good grape juice, true ginger 

19 



W 1001 TESTS 



ales, and pure fruit juices obtained direct from the 
lime, tlie berry, the orange or lemon? 

The question of the presence of alcobol in grape 
juices has recently been raised. There is rarely 
more than a trace of alcohol present, and this only 
takes place when the grapes have been held over 
after crushing during the warm season. Under 
such conditions a slight fermentation might take 
place producing minute amounts of alcohol. 
This point seems negligible and certainly could not 
be used to furnish a foundation for the addition of 
sugar to grape juices, since this practice makes it 
possible to use inferior and half-ripened grapes 
and supply artificial sweetness by adding sugar, 
giving a product which does not compare with that 
prepared from properly ripened grapes alone. 

None of the soft drinks given in the disapproved 
class is especially injurious except as intimated 
above, nor do they contain preservatives, sac- 
charin, or dangerous coloring materials as is 
sometimes the case. It is merely that they fail in 
quality and are for that reason disapproved as 
not belonging in a list of high grade products, or 
are of secret composition and as such unworthy of 
patronage. Some of the manufacturers have un- 
doubtedly made efforts to improve their product 
and moderate their claims especially of late years. 



BEVERAGES £1 

Upon the whole the ^* habit of drinking/^ even of a 
preparation of roots and herbs, is not one to be 
generally commended. At least every parent hav- 
ing at heart the welfare of his child is entitled to 
know what that child drinks when he patronizes 
the soda fountain or the bottled beverages. 

TESTED SOFT DRINKS, TONICS AND MEDI- 
CATED BEVERAGES 

Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association, St. Louis, Mo. 

* Malt Nutrine. (General claims as to tonic and 

flesh forming results permissible. Statement 
that it is non-intoxicating is modified by the 
declaration of the presence of 1.9 per cent, of 
alcohol. Is non-intoxicating when taken in 
medicinal doses, as recommended on label.) 

Armour Company, Chicago, Illinois. 

* Grape Juice. 

American Fruit Products Company, Rochester, N. Y. 

* Duffy's Apple Juice. 

Brooke, C. M., and Sons, New York and Melbourne. 
(D) Lemos, Brooke's. {Apparently a mixture of lime 
and lemon pulp and juice, sweetened, colored 
with Naptlwl Yellow 8 (a permitted coal tar 
dye) and preserved with 0.10 per cent, of 
henzoate of soda, declared on the label. '^Use 
Lemros instead of lemons for all purposes.' ' 



1001 TESTS 



It is not a wholesome equivalent for pure lemon 
juice "by any means.) 

Cliquot Club Company, Millis, Mass. 

(N) Celebrated Cliquot Club Extra Dry Ginger Ale. 
{Ginger resins and ginger oil could not he de- 
tected. Owes pungency mainly to capsicum; 
labeled a^ follows: . . . '* flavored with the 
finest Jamaica ginger with dashes of pure fruit 
flavor and capsicum.^') 

Coca Cola Company, Atlanta, Georgia. 

(D) Coca Cola, Bottled. {A beverage sold as a soft 
drink containing a habit forming alkaloid, caf- 
fein, not declared in any way and which may 
prove injurious to health; contains also a little 
phosphoric acid, about 9 per cent, of sugar, and 
is colored with caramel.) 

Coleman and Company, Ltd., Norwich, Eng. 

(D) Wincamis. {A sweet red wine containing malt 
extract and extract of beef. The latter has 
practically no food value; contains 18 per cent, 
of alcohol, and the claims that it is '^a nerve 
food ivithout an equaV and ^*a powerful restor- 
ative and vitalizer" and ^^a liquid food'' are 
not permissible, as it is merely a mild stimu- 
lant and tonic, has practically no nutri- 
tive value and is not a '^ nerve food" at 
all.) 



BEVERAGES 23 

Evans' Sons, Lescher and Webb, Ltd., London and 
Liverpool. 

* The Montserrat Lime-Fruit Juice. 

Golden Gate Fruit Company, San Gabriel and New 
York, N. Y. 
(D) Orange Ade. (Citric acid substituted in whole 
or in part for orange juice, artificially colored 
with a coal tar dye and preserved tvith sodium 
henzoate. Notice of judgment 2864.) 

Hawaiian Pineapple Products Company, Honolulu. 

* Dole's Pure Hawaiian Pineapple Juice. 
Hires, Charles E., Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 

(N) Hire's Household Extract. {Is true to label be- 
ing made from a mixture of many different 
harks and roots, such as juniper, pipsisewa, 
spikenard, etc. Not deemed of a composition 
suitable for children's use. May have medicinal 
effect.) 
Hoff, Johann, agent, Eisner Mendelson Company, New 
York, N. Y. 

(D) Johann Hoff's Extract. {A malt extract con- 
taining nearly 5 per cent, of alcohol, more than 
many beers, ivith 92 per cent, of volatile mat- 
ter, mostly water, and only 8 per cent, of nu- 
tritive solids. Claims that it is ^* recognized by 
the medical faculty as an ideal food,'' and that 
it is an ^'active remedy for coughs, colds, sore 
throat, bronchitis, etc.," are not warranted in 
any way.) 



24i 1001 TESTS 



Hygeia Distilled Water Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Hjrwaco Ginger Ale. 

* Lemon Soda. 

(D) Hywaco Sarsaparilla. (Sweetened water, fla- 
vored with sassafras arid wintergreen. Not 
true to label as it contains no sarsa/parilla. An 
accepted commercial misbranding. All sarsa- 
parillas are of this type.) 

Moxie Company, Boston and New York. 

(D) Moxie. (Contains a little oil of sassafras and 
wintergreen, caramel, sugar and a trace of ex- 
tractives from Peruvian hark. Former extrav- 
agant tonic claims have been modified but are 
still far too strong. Harmless but of practically 
no tonic value.) 

O. T. Limited, London, Blackfriars, S. E., Sydney and 
Melbourne, Australia. 
(D) 0. T. A delicious Drink,— A Tonic. A Diges- 
tive. (Exti^avagant tonic and digestive claims 
for a product containing capsicum, caramel and 
flavoring oils.) 

Pepper, Dr., Company, Waco, Texas. 

(D) Dr. Pepper (King of Beverages). (Makes spe- 
cial merit of being free from caffein, and co- 
cain. Contains benzaldehyde and caramel col- 
oring, unth raspberry flavor and a trace of citric 
and phosphoric acid.) 



BEVERAGES ^ 



Pierce, S. S., Company, Boston, Mass. 

* Tally-Ho Ginger Ale. 

(D) Tally-Ho Sarsaparilla. (See Eygeia Distilled 
Water Company, N. Y., Hywaco Sarsaparilla 
for comments.) 
Puritan Fruit Products Company, Fredonia, N. Y. 

* Red Wing Grape Juice. (Two per cent, or less 

of sugar added declared on label; should he 
called a '^sweetened grape juice"; addition of 
dubious necessity or desirability.) 

Rose, L., and Company, Ltd., London. 

* Rose's Pure West Indian Lime Juice unsweetened. 
Ross, W. A., and Sons, Ltd., Belfast, Ireland. 

* Ross's Royal Ginger Ale. 

Schuyler, A. C, 333 West 36tli Street, New York. 

* Delatour Ginger Ale. 

Sheboygan Mineral Water Company, Sheboygan, Wis. 

* Aromatic Ginger Ale. (Not *' chief of them 

alV) 
Standard Bottling and Extract Company, Boston, Mass. 

* Standard Ginger Ale. 

Welch Grape Juice Company, Westfield, N. Y. 

* Grape Juice. 

Wyeth, John, and Brother, Philadelphia, Pa. 

(N") Liquid Malt Extract. (Alcohol slightly too high 
(2.53 per cent.), as much as a light beer. Con- 



26 1001 TESTS 



tains, however, 14 per cent, of solids and the 
claims are only slightly exaggerated. Its spe- 
cial adaptability for nursing mothers and con- 
sumptives is over stated.) 



m 

BISCUITS, CAKES, ETC. 

THERE is but little criticism to be made con- 
cerning the package ** crackers," cakes, bis- 
cuits, etc. Usually no great nutritive claims are 
made. In some cases extravagant claims are made 
for bran, and wbole wheat products. These are of 
value in preventing constipation, and are of maxi- 
mum nutritive value, when true to name. Too 
often, however, the products are bolted and the 
analysis does not justify the claim that the whole 
wheat, including the bran, was used. This is the 
case with the Educator products, which not only 
show by their nitrogen and ash content that they 
are not made of true whole wheat, but rather ex- 
travagant claims are made for their efficiency. 
The simple patent flour biscuit of the Loose- Wiles 
Company is a perfectly good biscuit, but when they 
claim that it ** contains all the nutriment of the 
grain" and '4s different from all other soda crack- 
ers," etc., the labeling is plainly misleading. 

One other product is open to special criticism, 
namely, the rusks and biscuits of the Jireh Dia- 

27 



1001 TESTS 



betic Food Company, wMcli claim to **cure consti- 
pation," ^* provide an anti-acid diet," and to be 
''especially suitable for diabetics," when they con- 
tain about 47 per cent, of starch, or more, the 
''special treatment" being of dubious value. 
Such claims in combination with the misleading 
word '^diatetic" garbled from the two words 
"dietetic" and "diabetic" cannot be considered 
frank, honest, and instructive labeling, and would 
of necessity mislead the average layman. 

The main objection to this class of products, if 
such it be, is that the consumer pays a high price 
for the sanitary package. Any one who remem- 
bers the pound of soda biscuits bought in bulk 
knows that he is getting much less, due allowance 
being made for breakage, when he buys the dozen 
or so prettily packed cakes or crackers in a neat 
box. The public seems to demand such goods, 
however, and except on the score of economy, a 
factor in the problem which we are considering in 
this instance only in extreme cases, the output is 
commendable. 

TESTED BISCUITS, CAKES, ETC. 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {2f) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D) , rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 



BISCUITS, CAKES, ETC. 29 

Edwards, Elinor E., East Orange, N. J. 

(N) Edwards' Bran Cookies. (Analysis indicates a 
hran flour rather than pure bran. Claims for 
efficiency as a nutritive laxative largely justi- 
fiable.) 

Holland Rusk Company, Holland, Michigan. ; 

(N) Holland Rusk. {Label misleading as to origin. 
Not the original *^ Holland Busk''; made in 
Holland, Mich. Not the '*most practical and 
economical food known.") 

Ivins*, J. S., Sons, Philadelphia, Pa. 

* Ivins' Bonnie Wafers. 

* Ivins' Lunch-on-Thin. 

Jireh Diabetic Food Company, New York, N. Y. 

(D) Jireh Diatetie Eusks. (A good rusk, high in ni- 
trogen and mineral ingredients, but not ^^a cure 
for constipation'' and not especially adapted 
for diabetics as claimed.) 

(D) Jireh Diatetie Biscuits. (Most extravagant, in- 
defensible, medicinal claims; contains about 65 
per cent, of starch and statement is mxide that 
it is ''a food remedy for diabetes, indigestion, 
insomnia, rheumatism, bright 's disease, and all 
forms of nervous and gastric derangement.") 
Johnson Educator Food Co., Boston, Mass. 

(N) Educator Gluten Cookies. {Just within standard 
limits for a gluten flour (35.5 per cent, protein). 
Following claims not entirely warranted : ' ' Un- 



30 1001 TESTS 



equaled for those who are restricted to a gluten 
diet" . . . ^'It contains a mi/riimum of starch 
and a high proteid content.") 

* Educator Graham Crackers. Unsweetened. 

(N) Educator Oatmeal Crackers. {Nitrogen and min- 
eral ingredients hoth lower than in average 
hulled oats. Contain 13 per cent, of sugar 
which should he declared on label.) 

(N) Educator Toasterettes, {Weight understated; 
formerly 11 to 14 ounces ivas claimed; now only 
9 ounces are claimed. Hardly a satisfactory 
way from the consumer's point of view of cor- 
recting short weight. Nitrogen and mineral 
ingredients both too low for a true ^'entire 
wheat" cracker.) 

(N) Educator Wafers. {Weight claim lowered to 8 
ounces so that they now run over weight, 
though were formerly short. Analysis does not 
indicate a true whole ivheat product. Nitro- 
gen content is fairly good hut the mineral in- 
gredients are low, indicating that hran has been 
removed. These products are good hut claims 
are unwarranted and the price per pound is 
high.) 

Loose- Wiles Biscuit Company, 666 Causeway Street, 
Boston, Mass. 

* Pakatin-Biscuit. 

* Sunshine Assorted Biscuits. 



BISCUITS, CAKES, ETC 



31 



• Sunshine Citrns Biscuits. 

• Sunshine Clover Leaves-A Sugar wafer confec- 

tion. 

• Sunshine Dessert Wafers. 

(N) Sunshine Graham Crackers. {Contain alout 20 
per cent, of sugar, not declared; should he 
called ''Sweetened Graham Crackers.") 

• Sunshine Philopena Sugar Almond. 

• Sunshine Petite Beurre Biscuits. 

• Sunshine Tan San Sugar Wafers. 

• Sunshine Veroniques. 

• Takoma Biscuit. {A good white flour hiscuit of 

the usual composition in all essentials. Former 
excessive claims as to nutriment have leen with- 
drawn and labeling much improved. Not ''en- 
tirely different from all other soda crackers ; 
difference is in form rather than in composi- 

tion.) 

• Vienna Sugar Fingers. {Why Vienna?) 

National Biscuit Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Adora. 

* Arrowroot Biscuit. 

• Baronet Biscuit. 

• Cheese Sandwich. 

• Chocolate Tokens. 

• Chocolate Wafers. 

* Epic Wafers. 

* Festino Almonds. 

* Fig Newtons. 



32 1001 TESTS 



* Frotana — The Fruit Biscuit. 

(N) Graham Crackers. {Contain about 17 per cent, of 
sugar, not declared; should he called *^ Sweet- 
ened Graham Crackers.") 
"k Lemon Snaps. 

* Nabisco. 

* Old Time Sugar Cookies. 

* Koyal Lunch. 

* Saltine Biscuit. 

* Social Tea Biscuit. 

* Sponge Lady Fingers. 

* Uneeda Biscuit. 
"lAr Vanilla Wafers. 

* Water Thin Biscuit. 

* Zu-Zu Ginger Snaps. 

Remmers, B., and Sons, Philadelphia, Pa. 

"k Gluten Bread, Diabetiker loaves. (Leavened with 
hydrogen peroxide hut none found in the fin- 
ished loaf; carbohydrates reduced to from 10 to 
15 per cent,) 

(Note: The addition of large amounts of sugar to graham 
crackers (eaten largely by children), without any warning on the 
label, seems to me prejudicial to health. It not only tends to 
produce a sugar habit but unbalances the ration, overemphasizing 
the carbohydrates and minimizing the protein and mineral ele- 
ments which are supposed to constitute the superiority of this 
special product. We at first starred these biscuits, calling atten- 
tion to their real composition, and hoping that a change would 
be made in label or composition, but such has not been the case.) 



CANDIES 

THE principal adulterants to be feared in con- 
fections have been snlphites, used especially 
in bleacMng molasses, saccharin used to replace 
sugar, metallic substances and shellac containing 
arsenic, used in coating and giving a gloss, 
especially to the cheap, penny candies sold to chil- 
dren, artificial, poisonous colors, and the substitu- 
tion of the cheap glucose made from starch, for 
the true sugar (sucrose) of which candies are sup- 
posed to be made. Glucose may be used almost 
entirely to supplant sugar, in the case of low grade 
candies, in which case it is a cheapener (whatever 
may be thought of its wholesomeness and rela- 
tive digestibility, especially for children), as the 
price is much less than that of sugar. Moreover, 
the child will eat more of confections made of glu- 
cose, as they are less sweet and this again I con- 
sider undesirable. The glucose may be used hon- 
estly in small amounts to give certain physical 
characteristics, especially in such candies as 
nougatines, caramels, etc. Not exceeding 15 to 
25 per cent., according to the kind of candy, has 

33 



34 1001 TESTS 



been disregarded, it being considered that it was 
employed in such cases without fraudulent intent. 
In my opinion, however, glucose when present in a 
candy should be declared on the label and I hope 
to see the day when it will be replaced by invert 
sugar, both in the interests of dietetics and hon- 
esty. Sugar is more apt to crystallize and to melt 
than is glucose, which is more than one-half dextrin 
(a non-sugar) and it is for this physical effect that 
the candy-makers desire to use it. If manufac- 
turers would plainly label all mixed products with 
the percentage of glucose present the popular 
prejudice against glucose based on its extensive 
and continued use under no name, or one that 
gives no index to its nature, or a misleading name, 
would soon disappear. 

Personally, I believe that candies should be 
given very sparingly to children, because of the 
tendency to decrease and debase the natural ap- 
petite, creating a longing for only sweet foods, 
which increase the danger of digestive disturb- 
ances. For hard working men and women, can- 
dies when properly used, offer a valuable addition 
to the diet. Cake, milk chocolates, plain taffy and 
mints, the hard candies like stick candy, if made 
from pure sugar, and fruit flavors, and free from 
artificial coloring, are probably as healthy and 



CANDIES 35 



nutritious as any sweets tliat can be used, espe- 
cially for the little folks. We are writing for the 
present as well as for the future. We realize that 
candies will continue to be used in large quantities 
for children in spite of the sound dietetic objec- 
tions to this practice. Our present purpose, there- 
fore, is to emphasize the importance of the use 
of pure constituents, pure sugar and honey, in- 
vert sugar, natural coloring matters of vegetable 
origin, caramel (burnt sugar), natural flavors de- 
rived chiefly from fruits, clean milk, and pure 
chocolate all manufactured in the most sanitary 
manner. Too long keeping should also be avoided, 
dust proof containers employed and the products 
handled in the most cleanly and hygienic manner 
possible. 

TESTED CANDIES 

(Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Aromint Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. 
i^ Aromints. 

Belle Mead Sweets, Trenton, N. J. 

* Belle Mead Sweets Chocolate Coated Caramels. 

* Old Fashioned Chocolate Coated Vanilla Whipped 

Creams. 



1001 TESTS 



Bishop and Company, Los Angeles, California. 

(N) Calarab Candy Figs. (50 yer cent, sugar and 
nearly 17 per cent, glucose.) 
Borden's Condensed Milk Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Milk Chocolate. 

Foss, H. D., and Company, Boston, Mass. 
(N) Caramels. (33 per cent, of glucose.) 

* Chocolate Peppermints. 

* Pony Sticks. 

(N) Quality Liquid Cream Cherries. {Cherries col- 
ored with erythrosine, a permitted coal tar 
dye.) 

Heide, Henry, New York, N. Y. 

* Fine Marshmallows. (20 per cent, glucose.) 
Heller-Barnham Company, Hopewell, N. J. 

(N) Hopewell Dainties. (20 per cent, glucose in 
cream fillings; 12 oz. sold for lib. (80 cents) ; 
good quality otherwise.) 
Hershey Chocolate Company, Hershey, Pa. 

* Hershey 's Sweet Milk Chocolate. 
Huyler's, New York City. 

* Bonbons. 

* Caramels. (24 per cent, glucose.) 

* Chocolates. 

* Nugatines. 

* Vanilla Sweet Chocolate. 



CANDIES S7 



Johnston, Milwaukee, Wis. 

(N) Superfine Caramels. (51 per cent, glucose.) 
(N) Swiss Style Milk Chocolate Creams. (20 per 
cent, glucose.) 

Loose- Wiles Company, Boston, Mass. 

(N) Nobility Chocolates. (19 per cent, of glucose in 
cream filling ^ price $1.00 a pound.) 
Lowney, Walter M., Company, Boston, Mass. 

* Chocolate Gems. 

* Chocolate Ice Cream Drops. {Why ice cream? 

The cream filling contained 12.5 per cent, of 
glucose. ) 
"A" Crest Caramels, Chocolate Covered. (19 per 
cent, of glucose; good quality hut glucose con- 
tent slightly high.) 

* Crest Nugatines — Chocolate Covered. (18 per 

cent, glucose.) 

Maillard*s, New York. 

* Bon Bons. 

* Caramels. {Glucose 23 per cent.) 

* Chocolate Creams. 

* Nugatines. 

Manufacturing Company of America, Philadelphia, Pa. 

* U-All-No After Dinner Mint. 
Mayer, Alfred, Philadelphia, Pa. 

* Marmay Crimped Chocolates, Nuts and Fruits. 



38 1001 TESTS 



National Candy Company. 

* Skylark Chocolates, Seventeen Varieties. (11 per 

cent, of glucose.) 

* Skylark Milk Chocolate Creams. (16 per cent. 

of glucose.) 
New England Confectionery Company, Boston, Mass. 
(N) Pony Sticks Assorted. Necco Sweets. (30 per 

cent, of glucose^ permitted coal tar dyes.) 
Nunnally, Atlanta, Ga. 

* Caracas Chocolate Creams. (10 per cent, glu- 

cose; a 40 cent candy, good quality for price.) 
(N) Chocolate Covered Cordial Cherries. {Cherries 
colored with ponceau, a permitted coal tar 
dye.) 

Park and Tilford, New York, N. Y. 

* Bon Bons. 

* Caramels. (22 per cent, of glucose.) 

* Chocolates. 
'A Nugatines. 

Peter Cailler Kohler Swiss Chocolates Company, Ful- 
ton, N. Y. 

* Almond Milk Chocolate. {Disparages competi- 

tor's products in an unwarranted way.) 

* Original Sweet Milk Chocolate. 

* Nestle 's Hazel Nut Sweet Milk Chocolate. 

* Nestle 's Almond Sweet Milk Chocolate. 
Powell's, New York, N. Y. 

if Kewpie Kandies. {Pure sugar candies, only vege- 
table colors used.) 



CANDIES 39 



Rueckheim Brothers and Eckstein, Chicago, Illinois. 
(N) Angelus Marshmallows. {Contain 36 per cent, 
glucose hut more of this ingredient is said to he 
required for marshmallows than for most other 
types of candies.) 

* Chocolate Marshmallows, Angelus. (19 per cent, 

of glucose and 54 per cent, of sucrose. Hardly 
'*A message of purity," though they are very 
good marshmallows.) 
ii^ Nut Cracker Jack, The Famous Confection. (17 
per cent, of glucose.) 

Schrafft's, New York. 

* Bonbons. 

(N) Caramels. {Glucose 28 per cent.) 

* Chocolate Creams. 

Suchard, Neuchatel, Switzerland, London, Eng. 

* Chocolate (Chocolat sans sucre). {An unmixed 

chocolate of high grade containing 53 per cent, 
of cocoa fat.) 

United Berne Zurich Chocolat Manufacturing Com- 
panies, Switzerland. 

* Chocolat Lindt. {A typical sweet chocolate, 

should he so laheled; contains 31 per cent, of 
fat and 47 per cent, of sugar.) 

Wadsworth Chocolate Co., Newark, N. J. 

* Wadsworth 's Sweets, Mints. 



40 1001 TESTS 



Whitman, Stephen F., and Son, Inc., 411-421 Race 
Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 

* Chocolate Elite Cream. (Glucose 12 per cent.) 

* Chocolate Covered Liquid Cherries. 

* Super Extra Chocolate Covered Caramels. (Glu- 

cose 20 per cent,) 
Wilbur, H. O., and Sons, Philadelphia, Pa. 

^ Wilbur ^s Vanilla Chocolate Buds. (Extravagant 
praise of flavor and general excellence.) 



V 

CANNED GOODS * 

THEEE are many popular fallacies and rumors 
afloat regarding this class of food materials. 
The name itself is unfortunate. Canned goods, 
strictly speaking, include foods which are steril- 
ized by heat only and kept in air tight containers, 
whether they be tin cans or glass jars. For this 
reason, only fruits, milks, vegetables, and soups 
with their related products are treated in this 
section. 

Many confuse canned goods with preserves, 
which represent quite a diif erent class of products 
such as jams, jellies, fruit syrups and catsups, all 
of which are combined with sugar and other condi- 
ments or are otherwise compounded. The time 
was when peas were colored with copper, green 
corn was sweetened with saccharin, and preserv- 
atives of various kinds, salicylic, benzoic, sulphur- 
ous acids, and borax were used to aid the keeping 
process. These evil practices have disappeared in 
the case of true canned goods. Benzoate, borax 
and saccharin and copper sulphate are tabooed. 

1 For canned and dried fish, and meats, see pages 122 and 150. 

41 



42 1001 TESTS 



The main points to be considered are the quality 
of the raw materials, the sanitary conditions of 
manufacture, full weight and measure, and the 
possible presence of tin, dissolved from the con- 
tainer. On the first two points, chemical analysis 
cannot throw much light. We can only base our 
opinion upon inspection, taste, and general knowl- 
edge of the standing of the firm concerned. 

Net weight will soon be stated on all cans under 
the law, and in this connection a slack fill must also 
be considered, as obviously a can of tomatoes that 
weighs two pounds, but is largely water, is not so 
good as one that is a little under weight, but con- 
tains more solids. Variations in weight will 
occur in the output from the same factory, and 
therefore the examination of a few samples may 
be misleading. We are reporting, therefore, the 
data obtained on the goods examined, for what 
they are worth, and as a general guide to the 
quality of the output of the several manufacturers 
named. Three hundred milligrams of tin per 
kilo (5 grains in 2.2 lbs.) are tolerated by official 
regulation. We have not starred any product 
which contained 200 milligrams or over, and in 
most cases only very small amounts are present. 
Certain vegetables, such as asparagus, act upon 
the container to a greater extent than others and 



CANNED GOODS 



will always be higher in tin. For some vegetables, 
lacquered cans are used. Beets, especially, are 
put up in this way; whereas in other cases (beans 
and asparagus), the lacquer seems to affect the 
flavor of the product and cannot so well be used. 

The National Canner's Association has a 
central laboratory, whose work is conducted by 
chemists and bacteriologists formerly connected 
with the Bureau of Chemistry, and every effort 
is making to solve these problems in the canning 
industry as rapidly as possible, with a view es- 
pecially to the elimination of tin salts. Plainly, 
it is with minor evils that we have to do in the can- 
ning trade. 

While I cannot agree with those who hold that 
canned goods are better than fresh, the addition of 
wholesome canned fruits and vegetables to the 
dietary in Winter, and for the use of those who are 
of necessity cut off from a fresh supply, is a 
blessing of incalculable value and only attended 
by a minimum of danger. In my opinion, it would 
be a great step forward if the package should 
carry not only the net weight, but also the date 
of manufacture, so that goods could not be held 
too long on the grocer's shelves. This is es- 
pecially true in the case of condensed milk, and 
such vegetables as asparagus, fish products, ber- 



44. 1001 TESTS 



ries, etc., some of which are especially apt to attack 
the inner surface of the container. 

Another difficulty in passing upon the output of 
canned goods is that many of them are put up in 
plain cans and handled by jobbers under their 
own names, so that one cannot be sure that the 
supply of any particular distributor will be uni- 
form. The terms used to express different 
grades of canned goods mean but little to the can- 
ners and less to the consumer. The simplifica- 
tion of the label in this regard, the abandonment 
of such meaningless terms as ** Superfine," 
''Extra Quality,'' ''Early June, Extra Sifted," 
etc., and the presence of the date, the name of the 
manufacturer and the true net-weight on each can, 
would be a boon to the housekeeper and enable 
her to buy more intelligently and permit of a 
more accurate estimate of the various grades and 
brands in relation to their price. 

Notwithstanding these criticisms, which are 
largely matters of labeling and distribution, the 
canned goods supply can be given as large a 
measure of approval as could be accorded to any 
single class of food products. Increasing confi- 
dence of the people in the quality of these steri- 
lized products since the great body of manufac- 
turers have become affiliated in a National As- 



CANNED GOODS 45 

sociation pledged to purity, wholesomeness, and 
honesty of its products is strengthening the com- 
mercial side of the canning industry and pro- 
moting the efforts of food officials and hygienists 
who are striving for the highest ideals in food 
production. 

FRUITS (SEE ALSO DRIED FRUITS) 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

TESTED FRUITS 
Boyle, John, Company, Baltimore, Md. 

(N) Strawberries, Victory Brand. (A plain can {not 
lacquered) , artificial color claimed, hut none ds- 
tected. The proportion of liquid solids was too 
high, though the whole can was over weight.) 

California Fruit Canner's Association, San Francisco, 
Cal. (Packed for Park and Til ford, New York 
City.) 

* Apricots, Del Monte Brand Extra Quality. 

"A Cherries, Royal Anne, Del Monte Brand, Extra 

Quality. 
ik Hawaiian Pineapple, Gold Leaf Extra, Sliced. 

* Logan Berries, Del Monte Brand Extra Quality. 

* Peaches, Lemon Cling, Del Monte Brand, Extra 

Quality. 



46 1001 TESTS 



^ Peaches, Yellow Free, Del Monte Brand Extra 

Quality. 
•A" Pears, Bartlett, Del Monte Brand Extra Quality. 

* Plums, Egg, Del Monte Brand Extra Quality. 

ik Plums, Green Gage, Del Monte Brand Extra Qual- 
ity. 
Cobb Preserving Company, Fairport, N. Y. 

* "White Cherries, Navy Brand. {Amount of liquid 

slightly high in proportion to the fruit — 50 per 
cent, of each. The can was over weight.) 

Davies, K. M., and Company, Williamson, N. Y. 

ik Red Raspberries, Williamson Brand. {Liquid 
rather high in proportion to fruit (63 per cent, 
of juice), total weight very good.) 

Griffith-Durney Company, San Francisco, Calif. 

* Apricots, California, Troubadour Brand. 

* Bartlett Pears, California, Troubadour Brand. 
.k Cherries, Royal Anne, Troubadour Brand. 

k Plums, Egg, California, Troubadour Brand. 

* Plums, Green Gage, Troubadour Brand. 

Hawaiian Pineapple Company, Honolulu. 

k Hawaiian Sliced Pineapple, Paradise Island 
Brand. 
Hunt Brothers, Haywood, Cal. 

* Apricots. 

* Bartlett Pears. 

* Cherries, Royal. 
k Peaches. 



CANNED GOODS 47 

Lanning and Son, William, Bridgeton, N. J. 
"A" Blackberries in Syrup, Silver Lake Brand. 

* Pears, Silver Lake Brand. 

Leggett, Francis H., and Company, New York, N. Y. 

^ Premier Strained Cranberry Sauce. 
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111. 

-k Bartlett Pears. 

iK Extra Lemon Cling Peaches. 

* Sliced Hawaiian Pineapple. 



MILK PKODUCTS, INFANT'S FOODS, ETC. 

It often happens that infants are deprived of 
their natural diet, i.e., the milk of a healthy mother. 
There are also sometimes derangements of nutri- 
tion in which case the child does not assimilate 
normal food. To meet these conditions manufac- 
turers and physicians have endeavored to supply 
nutritious substitutes for the child's natural diet. 
It is hardly necessary to say that none of these 
efforts have met with complete success. There 
is no so-called commercial ** infant's food," that 
can be recommended for general use. The anx- 
ious mother vainly turns from one vaunted prepa- 
ration to another to avoid diarrhea, or check the 
loss of weight of a wasting child. Most of the 
makers of infant foods recognize the fact that pure 
milk, scientifically modified, is the best substitute 
for mother's milk. The milk of the Holstein cow 
is said to be particularly adapted to infant feed- 
ing, by reason of its relatively lower content of 
fat, and the smaUer size of the fat globules, re- 
sembling human milk more nearly in these par- 
ticulars. Goat's milk, unfortunately not utilized 
in this country, is probably better adapted to the 



CANNED GOODS 49 

infant's use tlian cow's milk, and the animal itself 
is less prone to tuberculosis. 

The wise physician, guided by the principles of 
scientific dietetics, will endeavor by slight modifica- 
tions of pure, clean, fresh milk, from healthy ani- 
mals (usually effected by varying degrees of dilu- 
tion, and the addition of milk sugar and lime water 
and sometimes barley water), to determine the 
diet best suited to the particular case. A large 
percentage of the commercial infants' foods are 
offered, not as complete foods, but as milk modi- 
fiers. One of the virtues urged in their behalf is 
the substitution of sugar and dextrin (made by 
the action of enzymes on starch obtained from 
cereal products) for the natural milk sugar or 
lactose. It is difficult to believe that nature has 
made a mistake in placing lactose instead of su- 
crose, maltose or dextrin, in the milk of the mam- 
mals. That infants often thrive on these substi- 
tute sugars is an evidence of the ability even of 
the babe to tolerate a strange environment rather 
than a proof of the waywardness of nature. It 
is more logical to believe that lactose, the natural 
milk sugar of little sweetness, is not only the nor- 
mal, but also the best carbohydrate for the baby. 

The infant's foods of commerce may be divided 
into the following general classes : 



50 1001 TESTS 



1. Milk products (including condensed milk, 
sweetened or unsweetened, tlie latter being known 
as '^evaporated'* milk and dried milks). 

2. Malted cereals. 

3. Mixtures of malted cereals, with milk, im- 
properly called ** malted milks.'' 

4. Mixtures of sugar, malt, dextrose, dextrin, 
eggs, etc. 

The condensed milks are not offered exclusively 
for infant's foods, but for general nutrition, and 
as a food for grown people, for use in coffee, for 
convenience in traveling, camping, etc., and for 
general use when fresh milk is not available or is 
under suspicion, they afford a most valuable sub- 
stitute. Nearly all labels and advertisements, 
however, commend them for infant feeding. 
Sweetened condensed milk, consisting as it does, 
largely of sugar (often over 40 per cent.) should 
never be used for infant feeding. This amount of 
sugar unbalances the ration, increasing enor- 
mously the proportion of carbohydrates and thus 
tends to derange digestion and promote the undue 
formation of fat, mistakenly hailed by the mother 
as an indication of healthy nutrition. Growth, 
firmness of flesh, color and animation are much 
surer signs of successful feeding than is the 



CANNED GOODS 51 

** creased plumpness,'' so lauded by venders of in- 
fant foods. 

When traveling, or if a pure whole milk cannot 
be secured, or in hot climates where refrigerating 
facilities are limited, the unsweetened condensed 
milk, sometimes called ** evaporated milk'' may 
afford the second best choice. By reason of the 
high temperatures required to sterilize and con- 
dense the product, such milk undergoes marked 
changes of character, which many medical authori- 
ties consider affect its nutritive properties for in- 
fants, the mineral ingredients especially being less 
easily assimilated. Though this evidence is ques- 
tioned by some, it is well to be on the safe side, and 
while many infants thrive on a diet of condensed 
milk others so fed have suffered from rickets and 
other diseases of deranged assimilation. 

Condensed milks are properly made from the 
pure, clean, fresh milk of healthy cows. Prac- 
tically much of it is made of milk from very un- 
sanitary cows, and handled in unsanitary dairies. 
There is no reason to believe that the milk in many 
of the dairies is better than some of that sold in its 
natural state. The evaporated product, however, 
has the distinct advantage over ordinary market 
milk, in so far as diseased germs and dirt are con- 



52 1001 TESTS 



cerned, that it is strained and sterilized in the con- 
densaries ; the sweetened product is not sterile. 

According to the official standards, condensed 
milk contains not less than 28 per cent, of solids 
and of these 7.7 per cent, is fat. Subsequent un- 
warranted modification of the standard required 
that the sum of total solids and fat should be 34.3 
per cent., of which 7.8 should be fat. Many of the 
condensed milks on the market fell even below 
this. But although these standards represented 
minimum requirements for total solids and fat, 
there has been a long continued attempt on the 
part of many manufacturers to have them lowered 
still further. Success has crowned their efforts 
and the last Decision (No. 158) issued April 2, 
1915, calls for only 25.5 per cent, of total solids ! 
The claim has been persistently made that it was 
impracticable to condense milks to the degree 
first required, namely, 28 per cent, of solids, by 
reason of the fact that the organic salts present in 
milk, mostly compounds with citric acid, would 
crystallize out and form a sandy, gritty deposit 
objectionable to the consumer. Also the argument 
is made that when condensed milks are made from 
whole milk containing 4 per cent, of fat (although 
this is about the general average) the required to- 
tal solids should be lower, since it is claimed to be 



CANNED GOODS 53 

difficult to keep the ** excessive quantity '* of fat 
from separating and forming a kind of thick 
cream. In my opinion both of these contentions 
are without foundation, and this view is borne out 
by the sample of the imported evaporated milk 
which we have examined, which contains about 
one-third more total solids and fat than is required 
by the minimum standards of this country. If a 
manufacturer in Switzerland can produce a very 
satisfactory product containing over 33 per cent, 
of solids and 9% per cent, of fat, an American 
manufacturer should not grumble because he is re- 
quired to have 28 per cent, of solids and about 7.7 
per cent, of fat. Moreover, the physical appear- 
ance of the imported sample was most excellent, 
being soft, creamy, devoid of grit, and showing no 
evidences of the separation of fat. It is more 
probable that the separation referred to is due to 
long keeping, and not to an excessive condensation. 
Evaporated milks should be distributed in such a 
manner that they will not remain too long upon 
the shelves of the dealers. 

Skimmed milk cannot be advised for infants, 
and evaporated milks, especially milks recom- 
mended for infant feeding, should be held strictly 
up to the standard for total solids and fat. Dried 



54 1001 TESTS 



milk or milk powder differs from condensed milk in 
being almost free from moisture. It has all tlie 
faults and virtues of condensed milk and may serve 
a most useful purpose when the fresh product can- 
not be obtained. 

When cereals, wheat, rye, barley, etc., are finely 
ground and made into a paste by the admixture of 
water at a high temperature, they are readily acted 
on by malt which renders the starch soluble, chang- 
ing it into sugars (maltose and dextrose), and into 
dextrin. The infant utilizes starch only with diffi- 
culty and this process makes it more easily di- 
gestible. No normal infant at its mother's breast, 
however, requires food of this kind. Nature is 
the safest guide, and if such preparations have any 
value, it is only in abnormal conditions. The use 
of simply modified milk, as previously described, 
up to the sixth month, and the gradual introduction 
of cereal gruels, fruit juices, etc., after that time 
is in general a procedure to be preferred to the use 
of so-called * infants' foods." 

Malted milks represent a large class of mis- 
branded products, consisting really of a certain 
amount of milk mixed with malted cereals, the lat- 
ter usually forming the principal part of the 
product. They are nutritious and convenient 
materials for grown persons, and some invalids. 



CANNED GOODS 55 

but are too high in carbohydrates (starches, and 
sugars) foreign to an infant's natural food to be 
especially adapted to this purpose. Often the per- 
centage of fat is so low as to indicate that even the 
small amount of milk present was skimmed milk. 
Special comment on the samples of these classes 
of infant's foods examined will be found in connec- 
tion with the respective products. 

TESTED MILK PRODUCTS, INFANT'S FOODS, 
ETC. 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D) , rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

American Druggist's Syndicate. 

(N) A. D. S. Malted Milk. (A good malted milk hut 
extravagant claims as to quality and heing *'The 
best of all foods for infants and invalids** are 
umvarranted.) 

Aurora Condensed Milk Company, Rotterdam, Holland. 
^ Sweetened Condensed milk. {Most excellent 
product, about % higher in milk solids and fat 
than the American output.) 

Berna Milk Company, Thoune, Switzerland. 

■^ Condensed Swiss Milk, sweetened with sugar. 
(About % higher in milk solids and fat than 
the American samples. Claim '' Absolutely 



56 1001 TESTS 



Pure'* and directions for infant feeding, oh- 
jectionahle, hut product is not especially rec- 
ommended for this purpose.) 

Bernese Alps Milk Company, Switzerland. 

"k Evaporated unsweetened Swiss milk. (A most 
excellent product, fully % higher in solids and 
fat than our best American products. Claim 
*'Can he used as an excellent cream" objection^ 
able, as it has only half the butter fat of a true 
cream.) 

Borden's Condensed Milk Company, New York, N. Y. 
(N) Condensed Milk, The Gail Borden Eagle Brand. 
(A most excellent sweetened milk for general 
use; not starred solely because of extravagant 
claims for its special suitability for infants' 
feeding, for which use it is deemed most oh- 
jsctionable, as it contains over 40 per cent, of 
sucrose, an element not found at all in the in- 
fants' normal food.) 

* Evaporated Milk, Borden's Peerless (pound cans). 
(N) Evaporated Milk, Borden's Peerless (six ounce 

can). {The large cans were of excellent com- 
position, but two samples of the small cans, 
same brand, were low both in solids and fat. 
May have been accidental.) 

* Evaporated Milk, Unsweetened, St. Charles Brand. 

* Malted Milk, Borden's. {A whole milk mixed 

with malted cereals; an excellent and nutritious 



CANNED GOODS 57 

food for adults hut not suitable for infant feed- 
ing in general as claimed, and not approved 
for this purpose. Much less objectionable than 
the sweetened condensed milk for this pur- 
pose.) 

Denmark Condensed Milk Company, Denmark, Wis. 
(N) Danish Prize Evaporated Milk. {Not sufficiently 
condensed. Exaggerated claims made for qual- 
ity. It is not the 'Heading brand of the 
world.'') 

Helvetia Milk Condensing Company, Highland, 111. 

* Our Pet Brand Unsweetened, Sterilized, Evapo- 

rated Milk. 

Hires Condensed Milk Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 
(N) Hires Condensed Milk. (Milk sufficiently con- 
densed, but either a product low in fat was used 
or it was partly skimmed; should be labeled 
'^ Sweetened,'' contains about 45 per cent, of 
sugar.) 

Horlick's Malted Milk Company, Racine, Wis. 

* Horliek's Malted Milk. (See Borden's.) 

g Imperial Granum Company, New Haven, Connecticut. 
(D) Imperial Granum — The Great Prepared Food. 
(Practically a partially roasted flour. Exag- 
gerated claims as to its value as a food for in- 
fants and invalids. Especially does it contain 
too much starch for an infant's food.) 



58 1001 TESTS 



Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, Illinois. 

* Condensed Milk, Sweetened. (Contains about 44 

per cent, of sucrose. No reference found to in- 
fant feeding.) 

* Evaporated Milk, Sterilized, Unsweetened. {A 

good whole milk, condensation complies with 
present standard. Six samples averaged 7.7 per 
cent, of fat (7.8 required) and about 26 of sol- 
ids.) 

Mead, Johnson and Company, Jersey City, N. J. 

(N) Mead's Dextri-Maltose— Malt Sugar. (Essen- 
tially a mixture of dextrin and maltose, pre- 
pared by enzymic action, not considered a de- 
sirable substitute for lactose in modifying milk 
for infant feeding in normal conditions.) 

Mellin's Food Company, Boston, Mass. 

(N) Mellin's Food. (A dried malt extract from wheat 
and barley, mostly maltose with some dextrin, 
Superior to some infantas foods, in that it does 
not contoMi starch, but it is not a ^'true substi- 
tute for mother's milk,'' even when combined 
with milk as recommended.) 

Merrell Soule Company, Syracuse, N. Y. 

(D) Klim. (This is really a dried skimmed milk for 
cooking purposes, contains only 0.21 per cent, 
of fat, while a similar whole milk preparation 
would contain 30 per cent. This is milk spelled 
backwards in more ways than one; claim ''For 



CANNED GOODS 59 

all cooking where milk is needed'' not war- 
ranted. ) 

Mohawk Condensed Milk Company, New York, N. Y. 
(N) Sweet Clover Brand, Sweetened Condensed Milk. 
{A good product containing standard amounts 
of fat and solids hut is nearly half sucrose 
and still claims to he the **most perfect sub- 
stitute for mother's milk," which contains 
none.) 

Nestle, Henri, 99 Chambers Street, New York, N. Y. 
(N) Nestle 's Food. {Contains some starch hut has a 
good content of fat, protein and soluhle carbo- 
hydrates. Not a *^ perfect nutriment for in- 
fants" as claimed.) 

Pacific Coast Condensed Milk Company, Seattle, Wash. 

* Carnation Brand Sterilized Evaporated Milk. 

{Made of whole milk and sufficiently condensed 
under present standards, with a good fat content. 
Extravagant claims as to quality.) 

Patch, The E. L., Company, Boston, Mass. 

* Patch's Powdered Sugar of Milk. {A pure lactose 

or milk sugar for modifying the milk for feed- 
ing of infants.) 

Smith, Kline and French, Philadelphia, Pa. 

(N) Eskay's Albumenized Food. {Contains too much 
starch to be used for an infant's food. Claim 
that it is " albumenized j" and is the ^'most nu- 



60 1001 TESTS 



tritious, most palatable food upon the market/' 
not warranted as protein is low.) 

Thompson's Malted Food Co., Waukesha, Wis. 

(N) Thompson's Food Peptonized. {Compares well 
with other prepared hahy foods but is not a 
^^true substitute for mother's milk" nor are the 
elements present ^Hn almost like proportions." 
Much less fat and much more carbohydrates than 
in milk.) 

(N) Thompson's Hemo. {Special claims not war- 
ranted by composition. A good malted milk 
product but no more protein found than in a 
straight malted milk despite claims as to ^'beef 
peptones." Amounts of iron and hemo-globin 
indicated also extremely small. There are no 
^^ blood building" and ^^ nerve restoring" foods 
as such.) 

(N) Thompson's Malted Milk. {Lower in protein than 
other good malted milks though *' double malt- 
ing" is claimed. Not superior to other brands 
and not to be chosen for infant feeding under 
normal conditions.) 

Van Camp Packing Company, The, Indianapolis, Ind. 
* Evaporated Milk, Sterilized, imcolored, unsweet- 
ened. (Not ^*a perfect food for infants" as 
claimed.) 



SOUPS, EXTEACTS, BOUILLON CUBES, ETC. 

No soups are high in nutritive value as they con- 
tain so large a percentage of water, but they have a 
dietetic value notwithstanding. The soups ap- 
proved by chemical analysis, odor, flavor and con- 
dition of the can gave evidence of having been 
prepared in a sanitary way from good materials, 
but the highest rating was not accorded these 
products because it is impossible to determine defi- 
nitely from such inspection the quality of the raw 
materials used. 

The meat extracts and bouillon cubes have been 
included in connection with the soups, for con- 
venience, though, of course, they are not, strictly 
speaking, canned goods. It cannot be too often 
repeated that neither a meat extract nor a beef 
cube represents concentrated nourishment. On 
the contrary, the bouillon cubes especially contain 
large amounts of salt and the nitrogenous princi- 
ples present are stimulative rather than nutritious. 
For flavoring a cup of hot water, to take the place 
of a clear consomme, or to be used in the kitchen 
for flavoring purposes, they are useful and con- 

61 



1001 TESTS 



venient. They should never be depended upon for 
a child's luncheon or for nourishment for an in- 
valid. 

TESTED SOUPS, EXTRACTS, BOUILLON 
CUBES, ETC. 

Armour and Company, Chicago, Illinois. 

* Extract of Beef. 

(N) Bouillon Cubes. {Salt high — 67 per cent., claims 
mildly ohjectionaMe, not a ^'satisfying substi- 
tute for a heavy lunch,'* etc.) 

Beardsley's Sons, J. W., New York, N. Y. 

(N) Vegex, A vegetable extract. (A yeast extract of 
good odor and flavor containing 35 per cent, of 
nitrogenous material, not all of which however 
is protein. Value is stimulative rather than 
nutritive, as in all such products. 

Bumham, E. L., Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Clam Bouillon. {Not '^ highly'* concentrated as 

claimed.) 

Campbell, Joseph, Company, Camden, N. J. 

* Condensed Soup, Asparagus. 

* Condensed Soup, Beef. 

^ Condensed Soup, Bouillon. 
ik Condensed Soup, Celery. 
ir Condensed Soup, Chicken. 



CANNED GOODS 63 

* Condensed Soup, Chicken Gumbo. 

* Condensed Soup, Clam Chowder. 

* Condensed Soup, Consomme. 

* Condensed Soup, Julienne. 

* Condensed Soup, Mulligatawny. 

* Campbell's Mock Turtle Soup. 

* Condensed Soup, Mutton Broth. 

* Campbell's Ox Tail Soup. 

* Condensed Soup, Pea. 

* Condensed Soup, Printanier. 

* Condensed Soup, Tomato Okra. 

* Condensed Soup, Tomato. 

* Condensed Soup, Vegetable. 

* Condensed Soup, Vermicelli. 

Cudahy Packing Company, South Omaha, Nebr. 

(N) Extract of Beef. {Not ''the hest" though it has 
a good nitrogen content — coagvlable nitrogen 
not in extract at all — finished product does not 
*' represent about 45 lbs. of lean meat to 1 pound 
of solid extract/' in nutritive value.) 

Franco-American Food Company, Jersey City, N. Y- 

* Clear Oxtail Soup. 

* Puree of Tomato. 

* Clear Vegetable Soup. 

Hoyt, W. M., Company, Chicago, Illinois. 

* Yours Truly Condensed Tomato Soup. 

Knorr, C. H., Germany. 

(N) Barley, Knorr Soup. {Solid soup tablets; con- 



64f 1001 TESTS 



venient and wholesome, serving a useful pur- 
pose for campers, etc., hut lacking in flavor and 
appetizing odor; houillon cubes about like Steero 
— no false nutrition claims, statement applies 
to whole output.) 
"A" Bouillon Consomme. 

(N) Cabbage. 

(N) Egg Quodlibet. 

(N) Green Pea. 

(N) Yellow Pea. 

(N) Mock Turtle. 

(N) Mushroom. 

(N) Mutton Broth. 

(N) Onion. 

(N) Oxtail. 

(N) Petite Marmite. 

(N) Potato. 

(N) Regina. 

(N) Tapioca Julienne. 

(N) Tomato. 

Libby, McNeill and Libby. 

* Concentrated Oxtail Soup. 

* Concentrated Tomato Soup. 

* Concentrated Vegetable Soup. 
Liebig's Extract of Meat Company, London. 

* Liebig's Extract of Meat. {An excellent product 

criticised solely because of advertisements 
advocating its addition to milk for children; 



CANNED GOODS 65 

claims as to increasing the assimilation of 
milk, etc., deemed most misleading and undesir- 
able.) 
(N) Liebig Company's 0X0 Bouillon Cubes. (Cor- 
neille David and Company, Distributors, New 
York, N. Y.) {Claims ^^ strengthening'^ ^'a 
meal in a minute,'* etc., misleading, although 
composition is good for this class of products.) 

National Pure Food Company, 149 Broadway, New 

York, N. Y. 
(N) Puro Soup — Beef. {Powdered — same comment 

as on KTiorr's.) 
(N) Puro Soup — Chicken. 
(N) Puro Soup — Green Turtle. 
(N) Puro Soup — Lentil. 
(N) Puro Soup — ^Vegetable. 

Richardson and Robbins, Dover, Delaware. 

* Chicken Soup. 
Royal Specialty Company. 

* Anker's Bouillon Capsules. 

Schieffelin and Company, New York, N. Y. 

i^ Steero Bouillon Cubes. {Very good composition — 
nutrition claims withdrawn, salt content rela- 
tively moderate and presence declared on 
label.) 



66 1001 TESTS 



TESTED CANNED VEGETABLES 

Austin-Nichols and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Asparagus, Sun Beam Pure Food, California. 
"A Beans, Lima Scottish Chief Green, Extra. 

* Beans, Refugee Broadway Brand. (Slightly slack 

fill, 11.5 oz. solids found, 13 required.) 

* Corn, Republic Sugar. 

* Corn, Scottish Chief Sweet. 

* Peas, Scottish Chief Sifted Early JunSo 

* Peas, Republic Sifted Early June. 

Boyle, John, Company, Baltimore, Md. 

* Spinach, Victory Brand Early Garden, 

* Spinach, Glenmore Early Fall. 

* String Beans, Victory Brand. 

* Tomatoes, Glenmore Brand. 
Brakeley, Joseph, Inc., Freehold, N. J. 

"A" Beans, Lima, Sinclare Brand. 

California Fruit Canners' Association, San Francisco, 
Cal. 

* Asparagus Tips, Del Monte Green. 

* Asparagus, Del Monte Brand Extra Quality Co- 

lossal Green. 
Cresca Company, New York, N. Y. (Packed in France.) 

* Artichokes, Cresca, "Whole French Natural. 

* Artichoke Bottoms, Cresca Extra. {Tendency to 

short weight.) 

* Mushrooms, Cresca Stuffed. 

* Mushrooms, Powdered. 



CANNED GOODS 67 

DeGroff, Lewis, and Son, New York, N. Y. 

* Peas, Health Brand Sifted Early June. 

* Corn, Health Brand Food Products, Sweet. 

* Spinach, Good Honest Brand. 

(N) Stringless Beans, Good Honest Brand. {Slack 
fill — 11 oz, solids, 13 oz. called for.) 

Dunbar, G. W., Sons Company, New Orleans, La. 

* Okra and Tomatoes, Fresh. 

Frederick City Packing Company, Frederick City, Md. 

* Succotash, Pride of the Valley. 

Green Bay Canning Company, Green Bay, Wis. 

* Beets, Lazarre Brand Blood Red, Table. (For- 

merly disapproved 'because of high tin content 
due to use of plain can. Betest shoiued lac- 
quered can and low tin content. Product much 
improved.) 

Greenhut-Siegel Cooper Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Corn, Milford Brand Extra Standard Tender 

Creamy Sweet. 

Haserot Canneries Company, The, Cleveland, Ohio. 

* Kornlet. 

Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. 

* Pork and Beans, Oven Baked. {Not enough pork 

to warrant name.) 

* Beans, Baked with Pork and Tomato Sauce. 

* Beans, Baked in Tomato Sauce without Pork. 

* Kidney Beans, Baked. 



68 1001 TESTS 



Illinois Canning Company, The, Hoopeston, 111. 
"^ Kidney Beans, Joan of Arc. 

Koenig and Schuster, New York, N. Y. 

* Lima Beans, Queen Tiny. 

Leggett, Francis H., and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Beans, Nabob Lima. 

* Corn, Premier Brand. 

^ Peas, Premier Run of the Garden. {Bet est showed 

a satisfactory fill.) 
(N) Spinach. Nabob. {Slack fill — about twice the 
amount of water necessary. Tin rather high.) 
Liss, George and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Peas, The Highwood Extra Sifted Early June. 
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111. 

* Asparagus, Special Extra. 

* Asparagus, California. 

* Pork and Beans. {Tendency to short weight; too 

little pork to justify name.) 

* Pork and Beans, with Tomato Sauce. (Too little 

pork to justify name.) 
ir Sauer Kraut, Hanover Brand. 

Mcllhenny Company, Avery Island, La. 

* Tabasco Brand Whole Okra. 
Middendorf and Rohrs, New York, N. Y. 

* Lima Beans, Fairfield Brand. 

* Lima Beans, Dellford Brand Tiny. 

* Lima Beans, Nectar Brand Green. 

* Beets, Fairfield Brand. 



CANNED GOODS 69 

Numsen, William and Sons, Inc., Baltimore, Md., and 

Benesso, 111. 
(D) Pumpkin, Clipper Brand. {Tin too high, over 

1000 mg.) 
North Maine Packing Company, Corinna, Maine. 

* Lentils, Royal Brand Finest Quality, Imported, 

in Tomato Sauce. 

Olney, Burt, Canning Company, Oneida, N. Y. 

* Beans, Refugee. (Product improved. Bet est 

showed very low tin content hut relative amount 
of liquid is still rather high,) 

* Beets, Garden. 

* Corn, Sweet, Baby Kernel. 

* Peas, Burt Olney 's Sifted Early June. 

* Spinach, Garden. 

Phillips Packing Company, Cambridge, Md. 

* Peas, Golden Rule Brand, Early June. 

Seaman Brothers, New York, N. Y. 

* Corn, White Rose Brand. 

* Peas, White Rose Brand Sweet Wrinkled. 
-k Peas, Savoy Brand. 

* Spinach, White Rose Brand Fancy Cleansed. 

{Tendency to short weight hut a good -fill,) 
(N) String Beans, Checker Brand. {Slacli fill— 11 
oz. of solids found, 13 oz. called for.) 

* Succotash, Warfield Brand. 



70 1001 TESTS 



Sills, John S., and Sons, New York, N. Y. 
^ Corn, Epicure Sugar. 

* Peas, Epicure Early Sifted. (Formerly short 

weight and too much water; retest showed full 
weight with liquids still slightly in excess.) 

* Tomatoes, Liberty Brand. 

Twitchell-Champlin Co., Portland, Maine, and Boston, 
Mass. 
(D) Hatchet Brand Lima Beans. (Suh-lahel, ^^ Packed 
from dried California lim^ heans/' hut picture 
of green pods on label is misleading, and it is 
not permissible to correct a wrong label by a 
sub-label. Should be called ^^ Hatchet Brand, 
Soaked Dried Lima Beans.^^ Wholesome, but 
inferior to green product and it is a question- 
able procedure economically, to can dried 
beans.) 

Van Camp Packing Company, The, Indianapolis, In- 
diana. 

* Hominy, Van Camp's Hulled Corn. 

* Pork and Beans, prepared with tomato sauee. 

{Too little pork.) 

ic Pork and Beans, Plain. (Too little pork.) 
Webster, Fred L., Adams, New York. 

•jAr Spinach, Webster's Brand Cultivated. 
White, John F., Mt. Morris, N. Y. 

ic Sweet Corn, Sweet Violet Brand, Choicest. 
Williams, R. C, and Company, New York, N. Y. 

:k Corn, Royal Scarlet, Evergreen. 



CANNED GOODS 71 

:*: Peas, Koyal Scarlet, Early Sweet. 
* Spinach, Kobin Hood Brand. 
(D) String Beans, Economy Brand Refugee. {Nearly 
14 water. Very slack fill.) 



VI 

CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 
BREAKFAST FOODS 

MANY are the letters received in regard to the 
cereal breakfast foods, especially for chil- 
dren's use. One mother writes me: *'Two small 
youngsters are anxiously awaiting your opinion in 
regard to their favorite shredded wheat, grape 
nuts, and post toasties.'' With few exceptions, a 
general statement will serve to give the facts in 
regard to all of the leading brands of cereal 
products and breakfast foods sold in packages. 
They are nutritious, cleanly products, contain- 
ing the greater part of the nutriment of the 
grain and in some cases all of it. They are put 
up in a sanitary package and are convenient, 
and aiford variety. You do not get anywhere 
near as much nutrition for the same amount 
of money as when you buy the simple grains, such 
as whole wheat, cornmeal, oatmeal, etc., in bulk. 
If you realize this, however, and are willing to pay 
for the convenience and variety, there is no reason 
why they should not be used. The cornmeal and 

72 



CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 73 

oatmeal are somewliat heavy and heating, so that 
unless a person is doing heavy, physical work, it 
might be well to use a less concentrated food. The 
whole wheat and the old fashioned oatmeal and 
commeal can never be surpassed or equaled as 
wholesome economic foods, giving the greatest 
amount of nutriment for the smallest amount of 
money. It must be remembered that the amount 
of nutrition present is not the only point involved 
in wholesomeness and the coarser form of the 
natural grains and the presence of bran have a 
beneficial effect upon the bowels as well as furnish- 
ing additional mineral ingredients. 

The processing of foods by ^^predigesting" and 
grinding, in my opinion, renders them relatively 
less wholesome though not less nutritious, inas- 
much as performing the work of the teeth and the 
digestive organs for them decreases their activity 
and in time affects their functioning if it is car- 
ried too far. Nevertheless, the moderate use of 
the package cereals is an undoubted boon under 
our present conditions of life and they may fill a 
valuable and convenient place in the dietary, if not 
used exclusively. 

The most serious charge to be brought against 
package cereals is the exaggerated claims made 
for their nutritive value. One becomes confused 



74 1001 TESTS 



among so many products, each one of wMch is **tlie 
richest in nourishment," ^*the most easily di- 
gested, even by chronic invalids," 'immediately 
converted into muscle and brain activity," etc., etc. 
Oatmeal is the heaviest of cereals and still so excel- 
lent a brand as Hornby's Steam Cooked Oatmeal 
claims to be ''Good for invalids and those with 
weak stomachs," merely because it is thoroughly 
cooked. 

"The road to Wellville" is to be traveled by eat- 
ing Grape Nuts, a meaningless name applied to a 
mixture of cooked barley and wheat. The an- 
alysis of this product shows it to contain a very 
fair amount of protein, about 11 per cent., with an 
equal amount of sugar, and no more mineral in- 
gredients than any wheat and barley mixture 
should have. There are no "brain foods" as 
such. It is a great pity for these products 
to be burdened with such senseless exaggerations 
as to leave the consumer in the dark as to the rela- 
tive merits of different grains and the special con- 
ditions under which they should be used. 

TESTED BREAKFAST FOODS 

(Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 



CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 75 



Cream of Wheat Company, Minneapolis, Minn. 

* Cream of Wheat. {Germ and bran of the wheat 
removed, a good product, hut only the ''mid- 
dlings,'^ name somewhat misleading.) 

Farewell and Rhines, Watertown, N. Y. 

(N) Barley Crystals. {Name meaningless. The whole 
grains are represented to he irritating and un- 
desirable, giving a false impression.) 
(N) Cresco Grits. {Claims to he ''virtually free from 
hran or germ,'' "the fermenting elements of 
grain,'' misleading, as the whole grain is a 
better "waste repairing food.") 

Five Kernels Food Company, The, Detroit, Michigan. 
(N) The Five Food Kernels. {A mixture of different 
grains. Contains less nutriment than a good 
oatmeal, less mineral than a whole wheat. 
Over burdened with such claims as this, "A 
more strengthening food than meat and po- 
tatoes," etc.) 

H. O. Company, The, Buffalo, N. Y. 
* Hornby's Steam Cooked Oatmeal. 
(N) Force. {Good product; bad claims; not espe- 
cially "good for indigestion"; amount of "bar- 
ley malt" used would not add any notable di- 
gestive properties; "No other cereal is as nu- 
tritious," misleading.) 



76 1001 TESTS 



Hygienic Food Company, Battle Creek, Michigan. 

* Mapl-Flake Brand Whole Wheat Toasted. 

{Frohably made from a soft wheat as indicated 
hy comparatively low nitrogen and high ash. 
A good product hut rather over-burdened with 
claims.) 

Jireh Diabetic Food Company, New York, N. Y. 

(D) Jireh Diatetic Wheat Nuts. {Contains 50 per 
cent, of starch; claims to he a correct diet for 
diabetes, gout, rheumatism, etc., starch too high, 
and statement *' proper proportion of carbohy- 
drates'^ is evasive; amounts should he stated 
for protection of patient. Value of the change 
made in the starch is problematic.) 

Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company, Battle Creek, 

Michigan. 
^ Kellogg 's Toasted Corn Flakes. 
ik Toasted Wheat Biscuit. (Claims- as to special 

process and retaining all of the vital elements 

of the whole wheat are somewhat overdrawn. 

Probably extra bran added.) 

National Oats Company, St. Louis, Mo. 

* National Oats. (Slightly exaggerated claims as 

to special nutritive value.) 

Postum Cereal Company, Battle Creek, Mich. 

* Post Toasties. 

(N) Grape Nuts. (Claims as to nutritive value ex- 



CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 77 

aggerated; not a hrain or nerve food in any 
special sense, name misleading,) 

Quaker Oats Company, Chicago, HI. 

* Quaker Puffed Wheat. 

(N) Quaker Toasted Corn Flakes. '{Good hut not the 
whole grain. Claims ''We retain all the val- 
uable health and strength giving elements,^' hut 
is largely starchy part of corn; minerals and 
proteins low.) 

* Quaker Puffed Rice. (Slightly exaggerated state- 

ments as to ease of digestion and assimilation. 
Recommended for dyspeptics, delicate children, 
etc.) 

* Quaker Rolled White Oats. (Excellent product 

for which exaggerated claims are made. Is not 
''The hest oat meal made.'' Others are as 
good. Is not "better in quality and flavor than 
any cereal food made.'') 

* Fancy Grits, Granulated Hominy. 

Ralston Purina Company, St. Louis^ Mo. 

* Ralston Wheat Food. 

Seaboard Rice Milling Company, Galveston, Texas. 

* Cereal, Comet Brand. 
Seaman Brothers, New York, N. Y. 

* Wliite Rose Brand Hominy. 

Shredded Wheat Company, Niagara Falls, N. Y. 

* Shredded Wheat. (Truly the whole wheat.) 



78 1001 TESTS 



Tyler, Byron, Kansas City, Missouri. 

(N) Raw Food. (A mixture of ground wheat, ground 
nuts, whole raisins and oil, the latter some- 
what rancid. A product not adapted to gen- 
eral merchandising, and most extravagant 
claims made as to the effects and desirability 
of raw food.) 

Uncle Sam Breakfast FcK)d Company, Omaha, Ne- 
braska. 
(N) Uncle Sam Health Food. {A mixture of flaked 
wheat and ground flaxseed, flavored with salt 
and a trace of celery seed. A nutritious mix- 
ture, 19 per cent, fat, and 20 per cent, protein, 
having laxative value, hut we doubt the advisa- 
hility of eating flaxseed in this quantity {about 
half) every day, as advised. Former extrava- 
gant claims have been much moderated.) 

United Cereal Mills Ltd., Quiney, 111. 

* Washin^on Crisps. 

Wheatena Company, The, Rahway, N. J. 

* ^Wheatena. 



FLOURS, IVIEALS, AND BRANS 

The main points to be considered in regard to a 
flour are that it should not be bleached by poison- 
ous chemicals to produce an unnatural whiteness 
(and in attaining this ideal the housekeeper can 
help much by increasing the demand for the 
creamy loaf, instead of the one that is unnaturally 
white), the presence of the proper amount of nitro- 
gen and mineral ingredients, fair weight and 
agreement with the label. More expensive flours 
such as buckwheat and rye are sometimes adulter- 
ated with others costing less. It is only the patent 
or the white flours, of course, which are bleached. 
In regard to the graham or whole wheat flours, 
there is much confusion and much difficulty in get- 
ting the true article. The trade, almost without 
exception, understands an ^* entire wheat'' flour 
to be a flour between the patent and the graham, 
that is to say, some of the bran has been removed 
and it is more finely ground than the graham but 
coarser than the white. It is an intermediate 
product. Plainly this is an established trade mis- 
nomer, as the flour of the * * entire wheat" should be 
just that, the entire wheat unbolted — and should 

79 



80 1001 TESTS 



be the same as a true graham flour. Graham flour 
is not only brown in color, consisting of the whole 
wheat, including the bran with its additional pro- 
tein and mineral ingredients, but it is an unbolted, 
coarsely ground product, which has a health value, 
in its effect upon the intestines apart from the 
question of nutrition. Here we have a funda- 
mental difficulty involving long established trade 
conditions. The flour is separated into many dif- 
ferent portions in the mill and the tendency is to 
reassemble the different products of the mill and 
combine them, giving many different grades of so- 
called graham flour, instead of coarsely grinding 
the unbolted whole grain as should be done. Of 
course, one may artificially make up a graham flour 
that will closely approach the composition of the 
true article, but it is easy to see how many varia- 
tions will occur under these conditions, and too 
often excessive amounts of bran and low grade 
flour are combined to pass as graham or ** whole 
wheat." The graham flours which have been 
starred in the following list are of high ash (min- 
eral) and nitrogen content and comply with the 
standard for a true graham. 

The two other classes of products calling for 
comment are the so-called self -rising flours and the 
gluten flours. The self-rising mixtures contain 



CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 81 

more baking powder than is found necessary in 
home practice, which, in my opinion, is objection- 
able, and you pay, of course, for the convenience 
of having some one add the baking powder and 
mix your flours. I cannot look with much favor 
upon any mixed foods. The claims made for 
them are usually overstated and you pay a pre- 
mium for the slight convenience afforded. They 
cannot be said to be objectionable, however, ex- 
cept on this score and because of the increased 
amount of baking powder present. Knowing 
these facts the housekeeper must make her choice. 
The so-called gluten flours, from which all or a 
large part of the starch is supposed to have been 
removed to fit them especially for diabetics and 
others who cannot readily digest starch, have been 
much abused in labeling and the buyer has been led 
to believe that the product was virtually free from 
starch, when such is not the case. Labels should 
be carefully read and the amount of starch present 
should be declared on them to protect diabetics and 
those whose starch supply must be carefully con- 
trolled. 

TESTED FLOURS, MEALS, AND BRANS 

{Starred products (-k) are rated at 85 to 100; (^) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
{D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 



1001 TESTS 



Christian Company, The, New York City. 

(D) Vieno Bran. {^^ Nature's remedy for constipa- 
tion, stomach and intestinal troubW mislead- 
ing. In abnormal conditions of stomach and 
intestines it might he irritating. Good for con- 
stipation, hut hetter to take hran as found m 
the whole grain, rather than to use it for med<i- 
cation in large quantities.) 

(N) Vieno-Self -Raising Bran Meal. {Not sufficient 
nitrogen and mineral ingredients for a first- 
class hran meal; not enough leavening to he 
called self-raising.) 

Davis Milling Company, St. Joseph, Mo. 

* Aunt Jemima's Brand Pancake Flour, Self Ris- 

ing. {Rather extravagant claims and more bak- 
ing powder than is necessary,) 
Duluth Superior Milling Company, Superior, Wis- 
consin. 

* Duluth Imperial Patent Flour. 
Ekenberg Company, Cortland, N. Y. 

* Teco Brand Self-Rising Mixture of Buckwheat, 

Wheat and Com Flour with Malted Buttermilk. 
{More baking powder present than is desirable. 
Claims as to economy on account of small 
amount of malted buttermilk present are not 
well founded.) 

* Teco Brand Self-Rising Pancake Flour, a mix- 

ture of Malted Buttermilk (powdered) with 
wheat and corn flour. {More baking powder 



CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 83 



present than desirable. Amount of huttermilk 
relatively small.) 

* Teco Brand Buttermilk Boston Brown Bread 

Flour. (Amount of baking powder present 
rather large. Value and economy of added 
buttermilk are overrated.) 

Farwell and Rhines, Watertown, N. Y. 

* Pure Wheat Product — Cresco Flour. 

* Pure Wheat Product — Gluten Flour. 

Forest Home Farm, Pureellville, Va. / 

* Forest Home Corn Meal. 

Franklin Mills Company, Batavia, N. Y. 

* Franklin Mills Flour. A fine flour, of the entire 

wheat with a part of the bran removed. {Not 
a true graham — a typical commercial ^'entire 
wheat' ^ truthfully labeled.) 

Greenhut-Siegel Cooper Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Fountain Brand Whole Wheat Flour. (A little 

of coarser bran removed as indicated by a 
rather low ash content; nitrogen good — a high 
grade wheat.) 

* Fountain Brand Patent Flour. 

Hecker Cereal Company, New York City. 

* Hecker 's Pure White Wheat Graham Flour. (Ash 

content (mineral ingredients, due to bran) 
good, hut nitrogen rather low.) 



84 1001 TESTS 



Hecker-Jones- Jewell, Milling Company. 

* Superlative Self-Raising Flour Compound. 

{Slightly short weight; amount of baking pow- 
der moderate for a self-raising flour. A good 
wheat flour unmixed with other grains.) 

Igleheart Brothers, Evansville, Indiana. 

* Swans Down Prepared Cake Flour. {A white 

flour low in nitrogen and gluten and so better 
adapted to cake making than bread making. 
Yields- a less nutritious but more delicate 
product. Revision of label has much improved 
claims previously made.) 

* Swans Down Cracked Wheat. 

Jireh Diabetic Food Company, New York, N. Y\ 

(D) Jireh Flour. 

(D) Jireh Diabetic Patent Barley. {Claim special 
value for diabetics; 60 per cent, and 67 per 
cent, of starch respectively present; mislead- 
ing and might be dangerous.) 

Johnson Educator Food Company, Boston, Mass. 

(N) Educator Packed Whole Wheat Flour. {Nitro- 
gen and ash figures are too low for a true whole 
wheat. Either a little bran removed or the 
wheat was not so ^'high grade" as claimed.) 

* Educator Packed Cold Ground New Process Rye 

Meal. {A good product but slightly short 
weight.) 



CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 85 

Knox-Crutchfield, Richmond, Va. 

* Pamunkey Mills Old Virginia Cornmeal. 

Northern Light Milling Company, Owatomna, Min- 
nesota. 

* Northern Light Brand Compound Self -rising Buck- 

wheat Flour and Wheat Flour. {Large amount 
of phosphate baking powder. Product said to 
he '^The best ever used or money refunded.'') 
Northwestern Consolidated Milling Company, Min- 
neapolis, Minn. 
ik Ceresota Flour. {A good patent flour, hut claims 
that it makes more hread to the barrel and is 
more nutritious than other patent flours, are un- 
warranted.) 

Pillsbury Flour Mills Company, Minneapolis, Minn. 

* Pillsbury 's Flour Best XXXX. 

Purina Mills, St. Louis, Mo. 

* Purina Whole Wheat Flour. (A commercial, so- 

called '^entire wheat" from which the bran has 
been partially removed, as stated on label. 
Not a true graham. A medium flour between 
the patent and the true *' whole wheat,'') 

Roman Meal Company, Tacoma, U. S. A. 

(D) Roman Meal. {Product consists largely of bran, 
some ground wheat, and probably rye and a 
small quantity of flaxseed; Claims — to *'cure 
constipation" and '^is the most nourishing food 
sold" as well; to contain ^'Flaxose, a secret 



86 1001 TESTS 



preparation hy which pure ground flax is 
partly digested and deprived entirely of its 
disagreeable odor and taste/' etc. Claims ex- 
travagant, though product is nutritious and 
would tend to prevent constipation.) 

Russell-Miller Company, Minneapolis, Minn. 

"k Occident Flour. (A first-class patent flour hut 
does not make ''a tetter bread than that from 
any other flour" as claimed,) 

Potter and Wrightington, Boston, Mass. 
,(D) Old Grist Mill Brand Flour, for health bread. 
{Exaggerated claims: Not a remedy for dys^ 
pepsia; apoplexy, Bright 's disease, etc., not 
due to white bread; contains but little more 
nourishment than the best patent. Lacking in 
the bran necessary to substantiate claims that 
it is a remedy for constipation. Considerable 
insect infection of sample examined,) 

Sands, Taylor and Wood Company, Minnesota. 

(N) King Arthur Flour. {Sample examined was a 
first-class patent flour, Misleadingly branded, 
as this company are Boston jobbers and prod- 
uct appears to be mamifactured by them in 
Minnesota. ) 
Shane Brothers and Wilson Company. 

ir Golden Touch King Midas Flour. {Meaningless 
claim '^The highest price flour in America and 



CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 87 

worth all it costs.*' Has no advantage over 
other standard patents.) 
Southwestern Milling Company, The. 

* Aristos (flour). 

Washburn-Crosby Company, Minneapolis^ Minn. 

• Gold Medal Flour. 



RICE 

The great point of interest in regard to rice is 
whether or not it is coated with talc or glucose 
which under the law is a practice that must be de- 
clared on the label, as the coating may conceal in- 
feriority, and the housekeeper should be warned 
to wash such a rice thoroughly. 

Eice may be white, having lost the outer brown- 
ish skin, and yet be uncontaminated with glucose 
and talc, and truthfully labeled as ^^uncoated," but 
should not be called ^* unpolished,'' as it is not the 
whole rice, the outer brown coat containing ad- 
ditional protein and mineral having been removed 
in the mechanical polishing process. It is claimed 
that beriberi, a very dangerous disease, is pro- 
duced when white rice forms practically the whole 
of the diet, as it does in the Far East. While there 
is no reason to fear this where rice forms only a 
part of the diet and the necessary minerals and 
proteins are obtained from other sources, it shows 
that important food elements are lost in peeling 
the rice and that this pratjtice tends further to 
**demineralize'' the food supply. 



CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 



TESTED RICES 

Fischer, B., and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Hotel Astor Rice — Invalid's Food. Uncoated. 

{Not a whole rice hut a good uncoated product, 
correctly labeled, mineral ingredients 0.37 per 

cent.) 

Carque, Otto, Los Angeles, CaL 

* Carque 's Natural "Whole Rice. (A true brown 

whole rice, 1.25 per cent, of mineral ingred- 
ients.) 

Kimball and Marxsen Rice Products Company, Chi- 
cago, 111. 
(N) White Swan Milk Rice, Granulated. {Some mUk 
present hut claims ^^In food value ranks higher 
than any other cereaV *^A perfect food for 
children and for the sick and convalescent, for 
which it has no equal;'' ''accepted when all 
other foods are rejected," etc., not warranted.) 

Leggett, Francis H., and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Natural Brown Rice. {A true whole rice, 1.03 per, 

cent, of mineral ingredients.) 

McFadden-Wiess-Kyle Rice Milling Company, Beau- 
mont, Texas. 
(D) Apex Brand, Unpolished. {An ''uncoated" rice 
but claims made as to food value and great 
amount of nitrogen not warranted. Not an 



90 1001 TESTS 



**unpeeled'' rice; it is polished, containing only 
0.4 per cent, of mineral ingredients.) 

Seaboard Rice Milling Company, Galveston, Texas. 
* Natural Brown Comet Brand Eice. (A true un- 
polished rice containing a few grains, not of 
the best quality. Extravagant claims formerly 
made with misleading statements as to rice be- 
ing 'Hhe m^st nutritious and easily digested of 
all cereals/' etc., have been corrected.) 
:Ar Rice, Comet Brand Unkoted. {A polished rice, 
not coated. Excessive claims formerly made as 
to its being richest in elements of food value, 
*^ nothing added, nothing taken away/' *^most 
nutritious and easily digested of all cereals, 
etc./' have been withdrawn. Having been pol- 
ished the outer coating had been taken away, as 
shown by the content of mineral ingredients, 
which was only 0.43 per cent., whereas the 
brown rice of the same brand contained 1.22 
per cent, of ash. Two typical products now 
intelligently labeled.) 



SPAGHETTI AND MACARONI 

The wlieat products made from the partially 
bolted and finely ground flour of hard glutinous 
wheat, and molded into various shapes, whether 
tubular, flat or cylindrical, are known as macaroni 
and spaghetti accordingly as they are of the larger 
or smaller variety. These products are excellent 
from the viewpoint of nutrition, palatability and 
economy. In some cases the ash (mineral ingredi- 
ents) and nitrogen content indicate that a very 
large portion of the wheat grain has been utilized. 
For health purposes it would be advisable, if tech- 
nically possible, to make macaroni out of the whole 
wheat When combined with tomato and cheese 
the dish is not only more palatable, but the amount 
of nourishment is increased and we have a better 
balanced ration. While the macaroni contains 
considerable protein, it is largely a starchy food 
and the cheese rounds out the ration adding more 
protein and fat, while the tomato gives flavor and 
vegetable acids. There is a rumor going about 
that one should never combine acids with starchy 
food. This is based on the fact that the digestion 
of starch begins in the mouth by the action of the 
saliva but is checked by the presence of the acid. 

91 



92 1001 TESTS 



WHle this is theoretically true, the extent to which 
starch digestion is suspended in the stomach is 
well known. The work of the saliva begins again 
in the small intestine activated by the pancreatic 
secretion. 

In some cases, eggs are incorporated with the 
wheat flour, which further increases the nutritive 
value of this food. The lecithin of the egg is 
especially important. Efforts to sell lecithin 
products in artificial preparations and as tonics 
are of dubious efficacy and the public will do much 
better to depend upon eggs, whole wheat and nuts 
for their lecithin. Unfortunately some manufac- 
turers simulate the presence of egg by artificial 
color. This practice is wholly disreputable, and 
the misleading use of the word * * egg^^ in the brand 
or name of the product cannot be ethically coun- 
terbalanced by the statement that there is no egg 
present. The claim that egg is used is substanti- 
ated by determining the notable increase in the 
lecithin components of the product. The con- 
sumption of macaronis might well be increased 
with advantage to the consumer from the point of 
view of both nutrition and economy. 



CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 93 



TESTED SPAGHETTI AND MACARONI 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(Z)), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxriii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Cleveland Macaroni Company, Cleveland, Ohio. 

(D) Golden Egg Alphabets, contain no egg. (Mis- 
branded, not permissible to misname a product 
and make subsequent correction.) 

(N) Golden Egg Brand Macaroni. Contain no egg. 
{Brand name slightly misleading. Composi- 
tion good — extravagant claims as to supe- 
riority. ) 

Foulds Milling Company, Cincinnati and Chicago. 
"A: Fould's Macaroni. 

* Fould's Spaghetti. 

Freihofer's Vienna Baking Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 
i^ Freihofer's Egg Macaroni. (Egg present vn small 
amount.) 

Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. 

* Spaghetti — L'ltalienne. (Canned, urith tomato 

sauce, ready for eating; contains 82 per cent, of 
moisture.) 

Jireh Diabetic Food Company, New York, N. Y. 

^ Macaroni. (A good macaroni but has 58% of 
starch, not for diabetics, no special claim made 



94 1001 TESTS 



i7i this regard, though the name of the com' 
pany might he misleading.) 

Maull Brothers, St. Louis, Mo. 

* Faust Brand Spaghetti. 

Mueller, C. F. Company, Jersey City, N. J. 

* Spaghetti. 

Van Camp Packing Company, Indianapolis, Indiana. 
if Spaghetti — Italian Style. {A canned spaghetti, 
contains 76 per cent, of moisture.) 

Woodcock Macaroni Company, Rochester, N. Y. 
(N) "Woodcock Macaroni. (Excessive claims as to spe- 
cial food value etc.; is a good product.) 



vn 

CONDIMENTS 

THE spices are examined to determine whether 
they come up to the established standards, 
are true to name, free from starch, hulls or other 
neutral adulterants which detract from the flavor, 
and are full weight. Considerable trouble is ex- 
perienced on the latter score, especially on small 
packages, due in some cases it is said to the dry- 
ing out of the mixture, and it is held that this 
should be allowed for. The loss of weight, how- 
ever, should not always fall upon the consumer, 
even small weight packages should average the 
weight declared on the container, some packages 
running above and some below the required 
amounts. Of the compounded condiments, tomato 
catsup is probably of the most general interest and 
has been the product most adulterated. The use 
of benzoate of soda in these catsups has been 
fiercely contested, but has been abandoned by prac- 
tically all well known manufacturers, with the 
exception of the Curtice Brothers. It has been 
proved that if clean, fresh, raw material is used 

95 



96 1001 TESTS 



and handled quickly in a sanitary way with com- 
plete sterilization there is no danger of spoilage 
and no need of an injurious chemical preservative. 
The chemically preserved products are also of 
lower quality because they can be made to keep 
with less concentration and when you buy a benzo- 
ated catsup you usually buy more water. The 
benzoated samples examined contained from 14 to 
21 per cent, of solids while some of the leading 
brands depending on sterilization and concentra- 
tion only ran as high as 33 to 38 per cent. Watch 
the label and see if benzoate of soda is declared. 

The prepared salad dressings vary greatly in 
character. None of them compares in quality with 
a home-made mayonnaise. They are often thick- 
ened with starch or gum and artificially colored 
with turmeric or a coal tar dye to make up for the 
egg that is not there. Frequently no oil or egg 
at all is to be found. All the samples admitted to 
the star list contained egg and 35 to 53 per cent, 
of oil, were not artificially colored, and did not 
depend upon gum and starch for their thickening. 
A salad dressing containing neither oil nor egg is 
not considered worthy of the name. If cottonseed 
or any other oils than olive oil are used they 
should be declared on the label. 

The vinegars reported were tested carefully, to 



CONDIMENTS 97 



determine whether or not they were true to name 
and had the amount of acetic acid required by the 
standard. While the fermented vinegars made 
from cider, apples, wine or grapes are of the 
choicest quality, having a finer flavor, the malt, 
sugar and glucose products or the distilled vine- 
gars made from grains, if they are properly 
labeled and honestly sold, have legitimate uses. 
The housekeeper has a right to vinegar of a certain 
established strength. She can add water herself 
if the product is too acid. There is no reason why 
she should pay the manufacturer for water. A 
diluted acetic acid is not vinegar any more than 
diluted alcohol is wine. The original material 
from which the vinegar is fermented is what gives 
it its distinctive flavor and delicacy. There is no 
reason why the cheaper vinegars, such as spirit, 
distilled or grain vinegar, should not be used for 
pickling and in mixtures, if they are properly 
labeled and sold for a lower price. The artificial 
coloring of colorless vinegars, such as the spirit 
and glucose products, to give them the appearance 
of the cider and wine vinegars, is of course fraud- 
ulent. The housekeeper can do much to protect 
herself by carefully reading the labels and by not 
buying a product that is evasively branded or 
which declares artificial color. 



98 1001 TESTS 



TESTED CONDIMENTS 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Austin-Nichols and Company, New York, N. Y. 

ik Sunbeam Pure Food Tomato Catsup. {No hen- 
zoate, no artificial coloring and contains 30 per 
cent, of solids.) 

Beech-Nut Packing Company, Canajoharie, N. Y. 

* Oscar's Sauce. 

* Tomato Catsup. (25 per cent, of solids.) 
Bell, Wm. G., Company, Boston, Mass. 

* Poultry Seasoning. 

Colburn, The A., Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 
^ Allspice. 

* Celery Salt. 

* Cinnamon. 

"k Cloves. (Above minimum standard.) 
^ Curry Powder. 

* Ginger. 

* Leaf Peppermint Cooking Herbs. 

* Leaf Savory. 

ik Leaf Sweet Basil. 

* Leaf Thyme. 

* Mace. 

* Madras Turmeric. 

* Mustard. 



CONDIMENTS 99 

* Nutmeg. (Above minimum standard.) 

* Paprika. 

* Pepper, Black, Natuna Brand. ( Was about 4 per 

cent, above minimum standard.) 

* Pepper, Red. 

* Pepper, White. (Was about 4 per cent, above 

minimum standard.) 

* Onion Salt. 

* Pastry Spice. 

* Sage, Eubbed. 

* Spiced Poultry Seasoning. 

* Sweet Marjoram. 

(A good line of spices complying unth the 
standards. Some are slightly above the mini- 
mum standard but the following extravagant 
claims can not be approved: ^'The standard 
goods of America, guaranteed of the finest qual- 
ity, absolutely pure, and far superior to the 
standard required by law.'' This criticism 
applies only to large packages; small cartons are 
conservatively labeled.) 

Colman, J. and J., London. 

* Mustard. 

Cresca Company. 

* Vinegar, Pinard Brand, Packed in France, Pure 

Grape Salad, Estragon Flavor. 



100 1001 TESTS 



Crosse and Blackwell, London. 

* Currie Powder, Genuine India — ^Pure Currie Pow- 

der. 

* Malt Vinegar, Pure. 

* Malt Vinegar Flavored with Tarragon. 
Curtice Brothers Company, Rochester, N. Y. 

(D) Tomato Ketchup. {Preserved with sodium hen- 
zoate and thin as compared with first class cat- 
sups; only 19 per cent, solids.) 

Diamond Crystal Salt Company, St. Clair, Michigan. 

* Shaker Table Salt with 1 per cent, carbonate of 

magnesia. 
Durkee and Company, E. R., New York, N. Y. 

* Salad DressiQg and Meat Sauce. (Good quality 

for a commercial salad dressing containing egg 
and oil {about 34 per cent.) tut some cottonseed 
oil is present and should he declared.) 
Fischer, B., and Company, New York. 

* Allspice, Strictly Pure. 

* Pepper, White. 

* Sage, Strictly Pure. 
Frear, Fred, New York, N. Y. 

(N) My Wife's Salad Dressing. {Colored with a per- 
mitted coal tar dye; 7 per cent, of oil {cotton- 
seed) and some egg found; harmless, hut not a 
first class salad dressing for the ^' select^' trade.) 
Gaidry, Lowell R., New Orleans. 

* Tabasco Pepper Sauce. {A good product now ac- 

ceptably labeled.) 



CONDIMENTS 101 

Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. 

* Chili Sauce. 

* Tomato Ketchup. (33 per cent, total solids.) 
"jAt Cider Vinegar, Pure Fermented. 

* Malt Vinegar, Pure Fermented. 

Holbrook and Company, London, Manchester and Bir- 
mingham. 
(N) Worcestershire Sauce. (Good quality hut makes 
extravagant claims as to superiority and use- 
fulness,) 

Howard, J. F., Haverhill, Mass. 

* Salad Dressing. (Good quality, containing 50 per 

cent, of oil, egg, and no artificial coloring; not 
unmixed olive oil; any other oil (usually cotton- 
seed) when present should he named on the la- 
bel.) 

Koenig and Schuster, New York, N. T. 

* Tomato Catsup, Princess Brand. (34.5 per cent. 

of total solids.) 

Lea and Perrins, Worcester, England. 

* Worcestershire Sauce. 

Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111. 

* Chili Sauce, Pure. 

* Tomato Catsup, Pure. (38.6 per cent, of solids.) 

Mcllhenny, E., New Iberia, Louisiana. 

(D) Tabasco Pepper Sauce. (Good quality, hut ab- 
surd claims as to its being a preventative for 



10^ 1001 TESTS 



dyspepsia, relieving headache, neuralgia and 
rheumatism, hygienic and economic claims, etc.) 

McMechen Preserving Company, Wheeling, W. Va. 
(D) Prepared Mustard. {Colored with turmeric, very 
low in total solids (12 per cent.). Proportions 
of mixture given on label could not he present.) 

Marzahl, W., 171 Spring Street, New York, N. Y. 

* Cider Vinegar, Pure. 

Mohawk Valley Cider Company, 73-75 Huron Street, 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 

* Vinegar, Pure Cider. 

(N) Vinegar, Pure White. (See Wayne County 
White Vinegar.) 
Morehouse Mills, Chicago and Los Angeles. 

* Horseradish-Mustard, Cream Brand, Prepared. 

(Contains turmeric and hut little horseradish.) 
(D) Mustard, Mrs. Morehouse's Cream Brand, Pre- 
pared. (Contains turmeric and gum.) 
,(D) Salad Dressing, Mrs. Morehouse's Cream Brand. 
(No oil or egg found; contains turmeric, gum 
and flavoring.) 

National Onion Salt Company. 

* Onion Salt. 

New England Maple Syrup Company, Boston, Mass. 
(D) Mustard, Golden Tree. (Price low, the turmeric 
and starch present lower the quality, though 
they are declared on label; not a standard 
*^ prepared mustard.'') 



CONDIMENTS 103 

Olney, Burt, Canning Company, Oneida, N. Y. 

* Ketchup. (21 per cent, of total solids.) 

Palisade Manufacturing Company, West Hoboken, 
N. Y. 

"A* Tournade's Kitchen Bouquet. {A mixture of 
vegetable and meat extracts with flavoring prin- 
ciples; no preservatives; probably colored' with 
caramel {burnt sugar) ; harmless and conven- 
ient, but not ** indispensable'^ as formerly 
claimed.) 
Pritchard, E., 331 Spring Street, New York, N. Y., and 
Bridgeton, N. J. 
(D) Tomato Catsup, Pride of the Farm. {Contained 
0.17 per cent, of benzoate of soda; only one- 
tenth of one per cent, declared on the label. 
Had 21 per cent, of total solids.) 

Rabb, Charles, Inc., 237-239 W. 60th St., New York, 
N. Y. 

(D) Tomato Catsup, Blue Eibbon. {Contained over 
two-tenths per cent, of benzoate and very low 
in solid material, in common with most low 
grade products; 14.5 per cent, of solids.) 

Ritter Conserve Company, P. J., Philadelphia, Pa. 

* Tomato Catsup, Pure, Whole. {No preservative 

or artificial color. B'etest showed improvement 
in total solids (25 per cent.) and satisfactory 
bacterial count.) 



104 1001 TESTS 



* Tomato Catsup with Tabasco, Whole, Pure. (25 

per cent, of total solids,) 

Slade, D. and L., Company, Boston, Mass. 

* Cayenne, Absolutely Pure. 

* Cinnamon, Absolutely Pure. 

* CloTes, Absolutely Pure. 

* Celery Salt, Absolutely Pure. 

* Curry Powder, East India. 

* Ginger, Absolutely Pure. 

* Mace, Absolutely Pure. {Some question as to 

the species of mace used; possibility of admix- 
ture of Bombay or other wild mace. Evidence 
not conclusive; retest gave satisfactory re- 
sults.) 
"A" Nutmeg, Absolutely Pure. 

* Paprika, Absolutely Pure. 

* Pepper, Absolutely Pure. 

* Pepper, Absolutely Pure, White. 

* Pimento, Absolutely Pure. 

* Sage, Absolutely Pui'e. 

* Savory, Absolutely Pure. 

* Spice, Absolutely Pure Pickling, Whole Mixed 

Spice. 
iic Thyme, Absolutely Pure. ("Absolutely pure'* 
claim objectionable as always; tendency to 



CONDIMENTS 105 

slight short weight on some small packages. 
Quality very good.) 
Snider, T. A., Preserves Company, Cinciniiati, Ohio. 

* Chili Sauce. 

* Tomato Catsup. (23 per cent, of solids.) 
Sprague, Warner, and Co., Chicago, 111. 

(N) Tomato Catsup, Richelieu Brand. {Only of 
medium concentration (21 per cent, of solids) 
and more bacteria, yeasts and spores than is per- 
missihle.) 
Stickney and Poor Spice Company, Boston, Mass. 
"3^ Cloves, Absolutely Pure. {Clai/tn objectionable.) 

* Mustard, Extra Fine. 
Tildesley and Company, Chicago, Ills. 

(N) Yacht Club Salad Dressing. {A small amount of 
oil and some egg; colored only with turmeric; 
good but hardly of star quality. ) 

* Yacht Club Tomato Catsup. 
,Waw-Waw Sauce Co., London and New York. 

(N) Waw-Waw. The finest Indian Sauce. (A good 
product, consisting of an acetic extract of vege- 
tables and spices but claims that ^^its principal 
aim is to aid and stimulate the digestive or- 
gans,' ' etc., are not permissible.) 
Wayne County Produce Company, Greenpoint, L. I., 
N. Y. 

* Cider Vinegar. 

(N) Spirit Vinegar, Pure White. (A good grain 



100 1001 TESTS 



vinegar, true to type and properly labeled. 
This type is not a true aromatic vinegar at all 
and is inferior in quality and flavor to the wine 
and cider products.) 

Worcester Salt Company, New York City, N. Y. 
* Ivory Sliaker Salt. 



vni 

DESSERTS 

READY-TO-USE desserts like most time- 
saving foods give you only fair quality at 
a relatively large price. It is not claimed that 
they are injurious but it is not considered that they 
are either high grade food products or econom- 
ical. The Jello, Nesnah and Tryphosa desserts 
are probably the best of their kind, but consist 
mostly of sugar (about 85-90 per cent.), with a 
little gelatin, flavoring, and coloring matter, for 
which extravagant excellencies and great original- 
ity are claimed. As sugar is only five cents a 
pound, you can see that they are not an economical 
buy for the housewife unless her time is extremely 
valuable. Twenty cents a pound for sugar adds 
an item to the high cost of living! Gelatin des- 
serts, freshly made, uncolored and flavored with 
fresh fruit juices must of necessity be superior 
in quality. 

The straight gelatins themselves present a 
fundamental difiSculty in that the line is too often 
not carefully drawn between glue quality and ed- 

107 



108 1001 TESTS 



ible gelatin quality. Both are made from hides, 
bones, and horn pith, and it is the condition 
of the raw material and the treatment and tem- 
perature that differentiate the two. A high 
class glue and a low class gelatin are practically 
the same product. Only sanitary inspection 
could determine this point absolutely and it is 
for this reason that the highest rating has not 
been given to gelatins. The tests made, how- 
ever, insure you that the finished products are 
harmless and of good quality. Another diffi- 
culty is the fact that many gelatin dealers buy 
up their gelatin from different sources and 
their output may vary in excellence. These are 
some of the fundamental difficulties in attempting 
to classify gelatins as to purity. We can only ad- 
vise in general that those examined gave no odor 
on standing, had the proper degree of solubility 
and contained only minute traces, if any, of sul- 
phur dioxide. No dangers are to be feared from 
eating these products but constant inspection alone 
can insure that sanitary raw material is used 
and the proper care taken during the process of 
manufacture. 



DESSERTS 109 



TESTED DESSERTS 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indieatea a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Baker, Franklin, Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 

* Baker's Premium Shred Cocoanut. {Label states 

^^ Prepared with sugar,'' contains about 24 per 
cent.) 

Chalmers, James, Sons, Williamsville, N. T. 

* Transparent Shredded Gelatin. 
Ceylon Spice Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 

(D) Instantaneous Tapioca. {Absurd claims as to be- 
ing a ^^food for babies/' ^^ preventing prickly 
heat/' etc. Product is good, though ^'instan- 
taneous" claims are also overdrawn.) 
Colburn, The A., Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 

* New Process Hasty Tapioca. {A good product 

with such meaningless extravagant claims as 
*'The standard goods of America/' '' Abso- 
lutely Pure/' ^^ Superior to the standard re- 
quired by law.") 
Cox, J. and G., Georgia Mills, Edinborough, Scotland. 

* Gelatin. 

Crystal Gelatin Company, Boston, Mass. 

* Boston Crystal Gelatin. 

Diamond Gelatin Company, Chicago, 111. 

(N) Diamond Delico, The Double Dessert — Straw- 



110 1001 TESTS 



berry and Orange; Mint-Lemon; Coffee and 
Cherry. {Colored with cudbear and other 
vegetable dyes, Imrrrdess hut poor quality and 
the little flavor present is completely lost on ex- 
posure to air.) 

Genesee Pure Food Company, Le Roy, N. Y. 

(N) Jello Lemon. {About 85 per cent, sugar; and ar- 
tificially colored with a harmless vegetable dye. 
Not injurious but not ^^ America's most famous 
dessert.' ' Fruit flavors used mostly. Good 
of its kind but not of star quality.) 

Hansen's Laboratory, Charles, Little Falls, N. Y. 

* Junket tablets. 

(N) Nesnah Desserts — Chocolate, Lemon, Imitation 
Easpberry. (86 per cent, to 96 per cent, 
sugar, gelatin and trace of permitted coal tar 
dye in two cases; not injurious hut not high 
quality; exaggerated claims.) 
Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. 

* Gold Medal Mince Meat. 
ic Heinz Plum Pudding. 

Hipolite Company, The, St. Louis, Mo. 

(N) Hipolite Snow-Mellow. {Essentially a mixture 
of corn starch and egg albumen. In no sense a 
substitute for eggs. Harmless, hut not of good 
quality. Claim, '^mxikes delicious icings, fill- 
ings, and meringues without eggs," misleading.) 



DESSERTS 111 



Knox, Charles B., Company, 'Johnstown, N. Y. ; Mon- 
treal, Canada. 

* Knox's Gelatin. 

Lripton's, New York, London. 

(D) Lipton's Gelatin Jelly Tablets. (Flavors, except 
in the case of the vanilla and the Madeira 
rather flat. Amaranth and Naphthol Yellow S, 
permitted coal tar dyes used in all samples.) 

Merrell-Soule Company, Syracuse, N. Y. 

* None Such Mince Meat. 

Minute Tapioca Company, Orange, Mass. 

■:Ar Minute Gelatin. {Excessive claims as to solubil- 
ity, absolute purity, etc., not warranted.) 

* Minute Tapioca. 

Naltional Starch Company, Com Products Refining 
Company, New York, N. Y. 
(N) Kingsford's Oswego Cornstarch. {Specifically 
misleading claim as to superiority to arrowroot; 
a good corn starch — nothing more.) 

Ovite Manufacturing Company, Orange, N. J. 

(N) Ovite. {A mixture of corn starch and egg alhu- 
m.en with salt and colored with annato. Harm- 
less but not ^^ A nutritious product which dis- 
places the whole egg in cooking,^' as claimed.) 
(N) White Ovite. {White egg albumen and corn 
starch. One dollar a pound. Price excessive 
and not a legitimate substitute for the white of 

■) 



112 1001 TESTS 



Pl5miouth Rock Gelatin Company, Boston, Mass. 
* Plymoutli Kock Plain, Granulated Gelatin. 
(D) Plymoutli Rock Phosphated Granulated Gelatin, 
A Compound. {Phosphoric acid ohjectionable; 
does not increase nutrition as claimed, and is 
not a satisfactory substitute for lemon.) 

Rich, E. C, New York, N. Y. 

(N) Tryphosa — Lemon — Artificially colored. {Nearly 
90 per cent, sugar and a permitted coal tar 
dye — not injurious hut not a high grade prod- 
uct.) 

Whitman, Stephen F., and Son, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. 
(N) Whitman's Marshmallow Whip. (51 per cent, 
glucose, 26 per cent, sugar, balance umter, gum 
and vanillin. Not a substitute for '* whipped 
cream'' in quality or nutritive value, but is 
correctly named, as it is of a typical marsh- 
mallow composition,) 



IX 

EXTRACTS 

WITH few exceptions the flavoring extracts 
are guilty of exaggerated claims. Some 
products are described as ^^unequaled in 
strength/' others are said to be ** extra strong,'* 
or to be ** above the standard.'' It must be re- 
membered that the percentages of oils required 
by the standards represent only the smallest 
amount considered legal! A product may ** ex- 
ceed the standard," therefore, and stiU be only a 
good average product. Hence the claims quoted 
while technically true are rather misleading. 
Practically all of the vanilla extracts are said 
to be made from ^*the finest Mexican vaniUa 
bean," just as huge amounts of coffees are la- 
beled '^Java and Mocha," regardless of the fact 
that the output of both is comparatively small. 
We have, therefore, partially disregarded these 
general and commonly exaggerated claims, though 
by no means approving them, in giving the star 

113 



114« 1001 TESTS 



marking to extracts of standard quality, for the 
guidance of the buyer. 

Flavoring extracts have long been notable sin- 
ners in regard to short volume. Often the bottles 
are made of thick glass and no particular content 
is claimed but the bottle which should hold two 
ounces, judging from size and price, holds much 
less. Under the new net weight law demanding 
that weights and measures be declared on all pack- 
ages we might have corrected this evil had not the 
vicious provision, that a ^treasonable variation" 
should be permitted, or small packages exempted, 
been inserted in the law. A deduction has in all 
cases been made where the output of any manufac- 
turer showed a general tendency toward short 
weight. 

The question most often asked in regard to ex- 
tracts is. What are vanillin and coumarin? When 
they appear on the label what does this mean? 
Are such extracts harmful? The true vanilla ex- 
tract made from the vanilla bean is much more del- 
icate in flavor and more expensive than that made 
from the artificial vanillin obtained from oil of 
cloves. Coumarin is a substance obtained from 
the Tonka bean and is also a cheaper product of 
inferior flavoring quality used in imitations. 



EXTRACTS 115 



Neither can be said to be barmful, but such a 
product should be plainly labeled * imitation ^' or 
^'artificial vanillin.'' It is not enough to label it 
** vanilla extract'' and then give a list of ingredi- 
ents which conveys no meaning to the average 
buyer. The true vanilla extract is derived only 
from the vanilla bean. We have excluded from 
the approved list all imitation extracts, though 
many are now honestly labeled, as required by the 
law. We consider all of the extracts made from 
artificial ethers in the laboratory, and nearly al- 
ways colored with coal tar or vegetable dyes to 
conceal inferiority, as unworthy of a place in an 
approved list of high grade products. They are 
used in such small quantities that their harmful- 
ness cannot be discussed, but they are not natural 
foods and in our estimation could not be classed 
among high grade products. The best makers are 
endeavoring to provide pure fruit extracts, even in 
the case of strawberry, raspberry and other flavors 
most difficult to make. Better do without an ex- 
tract than use an imitation poorly flavored and 
artificially colored. 

The new paste extracts are made of gum and 
glycerin with appropriate flavors. They are not 
injurious, but the extravagant claims made as to 



116 1001 TESTS 



superiority to alcoholic extracts cannot be main- 
tained. They may be more economic for some 
purposes and their use is largely a matter of taste. 
Their inferior diffusibility is another objection 
and the vanilla and lemon extracts do not yield 
themselves to this treatment as well as other fla- 
vors, like ginger. 

TESTED EXTRACTS 

(Starred products {*) are rated at 85 to 100; {?() indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxriii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Baker Extract Company, Portland, Maine, and Spring- 
field, Mass. 
"A" Almond, Pure Extract. 
"^Ar Lemon, Pure Extract. 
"A" Onion, Pure Extract. 

* Orange, Pure Extract. 

* Pineapple, Pure Extract. 

(N) Pistachio, Imitation Flavor. (A harmless imita- 
iion extract properly labeled, compounded of 
vanilla extract, almond extract, glycerin, alco- 
hol and a permitted coal tar dye. Not injuri- 
ous hut not star quality.) 

* Raspberry, Pure Extract. 

* Strawberry, Pure Extract. 

* Vanilla, Pure Extract. {Claim '^unequaled in 

strength' ' an exaggeration.) 



EXTRACTS in 



Burnett, Joseph, and Company, Boston, Mass. 

* Almond. 

* Cherry, Superior Extract. 
'k Lemon, Superior Extract. 

* Orange. 

* Pineapple. 

(N) Pistachio, Imitation Flavor. (A mixture of al- 
mond, cinnamon and oiher oils.) 
ik Raspberry. 

* Strawberry. 

* Vanilla. 

* Wintergreen, Essence of. (Medicinal claim, which 

was criticised as objectionable, has been with- 
drawn.) 

Christy, Arthur N., and Company, Newark, N. T. 
(D) Lemon Flavor. (A paste flavor consisting of 
gum and glycerin with too small an amount of 
oU of lemon to be determined. States on label 
that terpeneless oil of lemon is used with 
the true oil. The farmer is not of first qual- 
ity. Claims to be ''The standard of excel- 
lence,'' and is harmless but of poor quality 
and not comparable with the standard alco- 
holie extraets.) 



118 1001 TESTS 



Colburn, The A., Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 

* Almond. 

ik Almond, May Flower Extract, Pure. 
lAr Lemon, May Flower Extract, Pure. 

* Orange May Flower Extract, Pure. 

* Orange. 

* Rose. 

* Rose, May Flower Brand, Extract of Pure. 

* Yanilla. 

{The May Flower Brand represent standard 
goods, no more, and no extravagant claims 
are made on the lahel. The other products 
are also of good standard quality, hut 
there is no foundation for the claim that they 
are ^Hhe standard goods of America,'* and 
''far superior to the standard required by 
law.") 
Crescent Manufacturing Company, Seattle, Wash. 
(D) Crescent Mapleine. (A harmless substitute 
product; consists essentially of burnt sugar 
(caramel) and vanillin. Misleading name, cor- 
rected by sublabel — ''Contains no maple sugar, 
syrup nor sap but produces a taste similar to 
maple/' 

McCormick and Company, Baltimore, Md. 

* Almond, Bee Brand Highest Quality, Absolutely 

Pure Extract. {Extreme quality claims and 
slight short measure.) 



EXTRACTS 119 



* Ginger, Bee Brand Highest Quality, Absolutely 

Pure Essence. 

* Lemon, Bee Brand Highest Quality, True. 

(D) Orange, Bee Brand Highest Quality Extract, 
True — Colored. {Below standard and arti- 
ficially colored.) 

(N) Peach, Bee Brand Concentrated Flavoring, Imi- 
tation. {Does not '^ taste like fresh fruif — 
poor quality.) 

(N) Pineapple, Bee Brand Concentrated Flavoring, 
Imitation. (Same.) 

(N) Rose, Bee Brand Concentrated Flavoring — Col- 
ored. (Harmless vegetable dye (cudbear) 
used.) 

* Vanilla, Bee Brand Highest Quality, True Extract. 

(Quality claims exaggerated but products 
starred were standard.) 
McMonagle and Rogers, Middletown, N. Y. 
ii^ Almond, Premium Fruit Flavors. 

* Celery, Premium Fruit Flavors. 

"A" Cinnamon, Premium Fruit Flavors. 
i^ Cloves, Premium Fruit Flavors. (Above standard 
minimum strength but slightly short measure.) 

* Lemon, Premium Fruit Flavors. 

(N) Nutmeg, Premium Fruit Flavors. (Short meas- 
ure and below standard strength.) 
ic Onion, Premium Fruit Flavors. 
":Ar Orange, Premium Fruit Flavors. 

* Peppermint, Premium Fruit Flavors. 



120 1001 TESTS 



* Rose, Premium Fruit Flavors. 

"A Vanilla, Premium Fruit Flavors. 

* "Wintergreen, Premium Fruit Flavors. 

Pitkin, J. M., and Company, Newark, N. Y. 

(N) Almond Flavor. 

(N) Ginger Flavor. 

{Harmless and suitahle for some purposes, hut 
not superior to alcoholic extracts as claimed.) 

(N) Lemon Flavor. {Oil of lemon fortified with 
citral.) 

(D) Vanilla Substitute. {Contains vanillin, coumxi- 
rin and caramel coloring, and it is claimed 
that it is superior to the pure standard arti- 
cle.) 
Price Flavoring Extract Company, Chicago, Illinois. 

* Dr. Price 's Delicious Flavoring Extract, Vanilla. 

Sauer, C. F., Company, Richmond, Va. 

* Almond. 

(N) Banana, Imitation Flavor. 

* Orange. 

(N) Peach, Imitation Flavor. 
(N) Pineapple, Imitation Flavor. 
(N) Strawberry, Imitation Flavor. 

{Imitation flavors artificially colored. Made 
from blended ethers. Correctly labeled.) 
ic Vanilla, Pure concentrated extract. {^'Absolute 
purity '^ claim objectionable; attack on substi- 
tutes as being ^^ injurious'* not warranted.) 



EXTRACTS 121 

Siade, D. and L., Company, Boston, Mass. 

* Almond, Absolutely Pure Extract. {** Absolutely 

pure^^ objectionable as always.) 

* Lemon, Absolutely Pure Extra Strong Extract. 

(Not *^ extra strong/^ just standard.) 

* Peppermint, Absolutely Pure Family Remedies. 

* Rose, Absolutely Pure Extract. 
Stickney and Poor Spice Company, Boston, Mass. 

* VaniUa, Best U. S. P. 



FISH— (CANNED, DEIED, ETC.) 

THE utmost care should be exercised in regard 
to the use of all canned fish, because when 
these products do decompose they have a tendency 
more than almost any other products, to develop 
poisonous bodies in the process of protein degrada- 
tion. The housewife should always examine the 
can carefully by its appearance, smell, and taste 
upon opening. Great care, however, is exercised 
in putting up fish products and the salmon espe- 
cially may be mentioned as retaining, to a marked 
degree, the quality of the fresh product. 

All canned fish should be consumed immediately 
upon opening and not be kept over for the next 
day. Properly smoked and dried fish offer a most 
nutritious and economical diet and are much more 
widely used abroad than here. Their use could 
very profitably be extended, especially in view of 
the high price of meat. 

TESTED FISH (CANNED, DRIED, ETC.) 

'{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 

122 



FISH, (CANNED, DRIED, ETC.) 123 

(D) , rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Als Hangesund Preserving Company, Hangesund. 
-k Fancy Imported Norway Sardines in Mustard 
Sauce — Salome Brand. {Not a true sardine 
(pilchard) ; labeling permitted hy official regu- 
lations. ) 

Beale and Garnett Company, Eastport, Maine. 

* Finnan Haddie. (Put up in the United States; a 

true Finnan Haddie should he from Scotland.) 

Beardsley, J. W., Sons, New York, N. Y. 

(N) Shredded Codfish. (No horax found; short 
weight and extravagant statement as to com- 
parative nutritive value — 1 lb, not equal to 4 
Ihs. of fresh fish, as stated.) 

Bumham and Morrill Company, Portland, Maine. 

* Fish Flakes. 

California Fish Company, Los Angeles, California. 
(N) California Sardines. (True pilchard or sardine 
not found on California coast, labeling per- 
mitted by Government, but sublabel '^ Genu- 
ine sardines" objectionable.) 

Cresca Company, Distributors, 355 Greenwich Street, 
New York. 

* Caviar Superieure. 
Crosse and Blackwell, London. 

(N) Anchovy Paste. {Colored with an unidentified 
reddish dye. Labeled ^* Artificially colored.") 



124 1001 TESTS 



Davis, Frank E., Company, Gloucester, Mass. 

* Deviled Crab Meat. 
tAt Lump Crab Meat. 

(D) Crab Shells. {Not perfectly cleaned.) 

* Fish Flake, Codfish and Haddock Corned. 
■^ Kippered Herring. 

* Fresh Mackerel. 

(D) Selected Gulf Fresh Shrimp. {Quality poor; two 
samples out of four had.) 

Emery and Company, Boston, Mass. 

(N) Deviled Sardines. {Suhlaheled ^^ Atlantic Ocean 
Sardine Herrings/' really are herrings; not a 
''most economical and nutritious article of 
food/' as claimed.) 

Gorman and Company, Inc., Seattle, Wash. 

(D) Ked Heart Brand Alaska Salmon. {Slack fUl 
and short weight; a low grade article.) 
Gorton Pew Fisheries Company. 

* Gorton's Boneless Codfish. (19 per cent, of salt.) 

Liss, George, and Company, New York Citj. 

ik Salmon, Highwood Brand, Columbia Riyer. 
Lord Brothers Company, Portland, Maine. 

* Extra Quality Pure Codfish Strictly Boneless. 

McMenamin and Company, Hampton, Va. 

* Crab Meat. 



FISH, (CANNED, DRIED, ETC.) 125 

Peabody, Henry W., San Francisco, California and 
New York. 

* Havalan Brand Japanese Crab Meat. 

Sea Beach Packing Works, Aberdeen, Wash. 

* Pioneer Minced Sea Clams. 

Southern California Fish Company, Los Angeles, Cal. 

* Blue Sea Tuna. 

Van-Thomas Company, Los Angeles, Cal. 

"lAr Avalon Brand Tuna. {Packed in cottonseed and 
olive oil and so labeled.) 

Watson, Angus, and Company, Newcastle-on-Tyne, 
England. 
(N) Skipper Sardines in Tomato. 
(N) Skipper Sardines in Virgin Olive Oil. 

{Not true sardines {pilchards) — Norway 
hristlings arhd should he so labeled. Govern- 
ment permits designation ^' Norway sardines/' 
hut in this case labeling is not even true iQ 
this ruling.) 

* Bouillon Herringlets. 

Williams, R. C, and Company, New York. 

* Salmon, Royal Scarlet, Columbia River. 



XI 

FRUITS— DRIED ^ 

THE points in regard to dried fruits are : Are 
they unsulpliured? Are they free from ex- 
cessive moisture (wliieli sulphuring makes pos- 
sible)? Are they free from insect infection? 
Have full weight and measure been given? For 
the starred products we can answer **yes," in re- 
gard to all of these points. Fruitsaretransported 
more cheaply in this dried compact form and the 
consumer pays for less water than in fresh or 
canned goods. Their keeping qualities are also 
excellent and they form a very acceptable part of 
the diet both from an economical and nutritive 
point of view, especially during the seasons when 
fresh fruits are unavailable or very high in price. 
Stewed dried fruits are excellent natural laxatives 
as well as nutritious and a handful of raisins, dates 
or figs is much better, in my opinion, for the grow- 
ing child than candy. 

1 For canned fruits see page 45. 



198 



FRUITS— DRIED 127 



TESTED FRUITS, DRIED 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (2V) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

American Dehydrating Company, Waukesha, Wiscon- 
sin. 
(N) Dehydro-Fresh Cranberries. {By no means equal 
to fresh fruit nor superior to the dried and 
evaporated goods, as claimed.) 
American Vineyard Company, Fresno, Cal. — Boston — 
San Francisco. 
^ Ideal ''Not-a-Seed'' Raisins. 
Austin-Nichols and Company, New York, N. Y. 
(D) Peaches, Fancy Evaporated California. (0.15 
per cent, of sulphur found, in this product. La- 
hel read ^'sidphur bleached''; considered in- 
jurious to health though permitted hy federal 
regulation pending investigation.) 

California Fruit Canners' Association, Fresno, Cali- 
fornia. 
"A* Del Monte Brand California Seedless Raisins. 
Carque Pure Food Company, Los Angeles, Cal. 

* Apricots, Carque 's California Likefresh Fruits. 

* Bananas, Carque 's California Likefresh Fruits. 

* Cherries, Carque 's California Likefresh Fruits. 

* Figs, California Selected Black Mission. 

* Olives, Selected Sun Dried California Ripe, Dry. 



1^ 1001 TESTS 



* Peaches, Carqne's California Likefresh Fruits. 
ii: Pears, Carque's California Likefresh Fruits. 

{Claims somewhat overdrawn; excellent imsul' 
phured products.) 
Cresca Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Cresca Figs. 

* Stuffed Figs and Stuffed Dates. 

* Cresca Choicest Cluster Raisins. 

(Figs and dates are ^^ Prepared with corn 
syrup/ ^ i. e., glucose; declared on label, 
amount very sm^ll hut unnecessary and un* 
desirable.) 

DeGroff, Lewis, and Son, New York, N. Y. 

* Smyrna Figs, Health Brand. 

Fresno Home Packing Company, Fresno, California. 

* Fancy Cluster Raisins, Blue Ribbon Brand. 

Greenhut Siege! Cooper Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Raisins, Sultanas, Golden West Brand, Extra 

Quality, Natural, Seedless. 

Higgins, William A., and Company, New York, N. Y. 
(N) Chariot Apples. {Minute trace of sulphur; short 

weight due probably to drying out.) 
(D) Seedless Raisins, Berry Brand. {Short weight, 
0.018 per cent, sulphur dioxide.) 
Hills Brothers Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Dromedary Brand Cleaned Currants. 
"A" Dromedary Golden Dates. 



FRUITS— DRIED 1^9 

iic Dromedary Brand Washed Figs. (^^ Conserved 
in com syrup/ ^ i. e., glucose — declared on label 
— very small amount present hut is undesirable 
and unnecessary.) 

Koenig and Schuster, New York. 

* Fancy Malaga Raisins, Princess Brand. 

Seaman Brothers, New York, N. Y. 

* White Rose California Seeded Muscatel Raisins. 

Stewart, R. N., Co., Middlehoro, Mass. 

i^ Cranberry Powder. {Net weight should he stated 
on package.) 
Williamette Valley Prune Association, Salem, Oreg. 

* Loganberries, Pheasant Brand. (Short weight on 

two samples examined, hut moisture content was 
so low that amount of nutrition obtained was 
relatively high. Special nutritive claim vir- 
tually true, is unusually high in protein for a 
fruit, like the raspberry from which it is de- 
veloped.) 
Williams, R. C, and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Royal Scarlet Seeded Raisins. 



xn 

HOUSEHOLD EEMEDIES AND DISIN- 
FECTANTS * 

THE miscellaneous samples reported under 
this heading pretend in no way to cover the 
field, but were examined mainly in response to 
inquiries and as information was needed. Vas- 
elines (petrolatum) are standard products, but 
the ** remedial" claims made for them have been 
exaggerated. The disinfectants all err in mak- 
ing extravagant claims, extending their usefulness 
into the medicinal field and so becoming dangerous 
in the hands of the layman. The non-poisonous 
claim is particularly misleading and the fanciful 
names under which these products are presented 
are objectionable in that they conceal the true 
nature of the disinfectant which might easily be 
declared. A standardized, carefully prepared dis- 
infectant of proper strength is a boon to the house- 
keeper and it is a great pity that these products 
cannot be sold in a more intelligent and ethical way 
as they are undoubtedly useful, and their quality 

* Data do not represent complete analyses ; only important and 
characteristic ingredients are mentioned. 

130 



HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES ISl 

in many cases is excellent. Some of the materials 
reported fall within the patent medicine class and 
exhibit all the evils and misleading statements 
typical of such products. 

TESTED HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES AND DIS- 
INFECTANTS 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (HI) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
{D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

American Druggists Syndicate, Long Island City, N. Y. 
(N) A. D. S. Foot Tablets. {An astringent antisep- 
tic wash containing tannin, salicylic acid, alum, 
horic acid, etc. Claims that it is a '^ valuable 
remedy,'' ^'effective in the treatment of bun- 
ions,'' etc., are extravagam^t,) 

Bauer and Black, Chicago, 111. 

(N) Blue Jay Corn Plasters. {Contain salicylic acid, 
which is practically always the active in- 
gredient of corn salves. Is often helpful hut 
the claim ^'Zn 48 hours corn comes out root and 
all," is exaggerated.) 

Bauer and Company, Berlin, A. Wulfing and Company, 
N. Y. American Agents. 
(D) Formamint Tablets. {A formaldehyde prepara- 
tion with extravagant claims as to its thera- 
peutic and germicidal properties. Efficacy of 



132 1001 TESTS 



the tablets is believed to be much overrated, in 
addition to which they might be irritating in 
some conditions.) 
Bliss, Alonzo O., Company, Washington, D. C. 

(D) Native Herbs. {A mixture of aloes, the com- 
mon cathartic, and cassia, with probably small 
amounts of podophyllum, ginger, dandelion, and 
other stomachics. Not true to name, and ac- 
companied by characteristic patent medicine 
claims, which are obviously impossible of ful- 
fillment. Would not ^^cure rheumatism, ca- 
tarrh, nervous disorders, diabetes and all syph- 
ilitic diseases'' as claimed.) 

Carter L5^1e Drug Company, Baltimore, Md. 

(N) Kornol. {Collodion with salicylic acid in alcohol 
and ether. ^'It will dissolve the most obstinate 
cases." '^The best paint for corns,'' etc. 
Claims excessive.) 

Chesebrough Manufacturing Company, New York, 
N. Y. 
(N) Capsicum Vaseline. (Petrolatum containing cap- 
sicum. A good product but only palliative, not 
'^a remedy" for rheumatism, gout, neuralgia, 
etc., as stated. Not ^^ superior to mustard or 
any other plaster" under all conditions.) 
* Carbolated Vaseline. (A petrolatum containing 
phenol. Statements that it is ^'A valuable an- 
tiseptic dressing for wounds, etc.," is true.) 



HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 13S 



* Mentholated Vaseline. {A mentholated petro- 

latum, which may he advantageously used for 
''nervous headaches, sore throat, neuralgia, 
muritis, rheumatism, etc.," as a palliative. 
No remedial or curative properties claimed in 
this case.) 

* Vaseline. {Former claims ^^an invaluable rem- 

edy for burns, rheumatism, hemorrhoids'* with- 
drawn from label; product is palliative but 
hardly remedial in such cases.) 

* White Vaseline. {Pure petrolatum; former claim 

that it is an ''invaluable family remedy 
for rheumatism, catarrh, hay fever, etc.," is 
obviously an exaggeration, as "remedy" im- 
plies constrictive healing while this substance 
is only palliative. Claims withdran^m from 
label.) 
Clark's Corporation, New York, N. Y. 

(D) Sel Amaigrissant. {Merely crystallized washing 
soda, perfumed. Claims made as to its merits 
as a flesh reducer when used in the bath, are 
mcmifestly absurd, and the price is high.) 
Crittenton, Charles N., Company, New York, N. Y. 
(D) Tooth Ache Drops, Pike's Universal Vegetable. 
{Consists chiefly of chloroform and alcohol 
with a little oil of cloves and other antiseptic 
oils; not a "vegetable" product; chloroform 
dangerous and habit forming, and tends to de- 
fer necessary dental attention.) 



134 1001 TESTS 



Dodge, Walter Luther, and Company, Chicago, 111. 
(N) Tiz. {Tablets containing tanmn, salicylic acid, 
alum, and orris root. An astringent antiseptic 
foot hath, harmless hut could do hut little for 
hunions, ingrowing nails, etc., as claimed,) 

Downs, Jean, 334 Fifth Avenue, New York City. 

(D) Get Slim. {Consists essentially of sugar and 
tartaric acid, colored pink. Claims for its effi- 
ciency as a flesh reducer grossly exaggerated 
and an unlimited use of such a product might 
he harmful.) 

E. C. D. Chemical Company, 1777 Broadway, New York 

City, N. Y. 
(D) Fluid En-Ser-01. {An alleged catarrh and deaf- 
ness cure, consists essentially of camphor, glyc- 
erine, water and traces of antiseptics. Worth 
about 2 cents and sells for $1; claims absurd.) 

Every Woman Company, Chicago, 111. 

(D) Every Woman's Flesh Reducer. {A mdxture of 
epsom salts, alum, washing soda and camphor, 
5 tablespoonfuls to be used in a hot hath as a 
flesh reducer; claims absurd. Sells for 89 
cents, costs not more than 10, at a liberal es' 
timate.) 

Evans Sons, Lescher and Webb, Ltd., Liverpool, Lon- 
don and New York. 
(N) Antiseptic Throat Pastilles. {Consists essen- 
tially of gum acacia, licorice^ terpin-hydrate, 
and ammonium salt; claims slightly exagger- 



HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 135 

ated. It would restore the voice and make 
hreathmg easy when there was some slight diffi- 
culty only.) 

Giant Chemical Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 

(N) A-Corn Salve. (Contains fat, salicylic acid, 
methyl salicylate. Claims moderate, except 
that it could hardly remove bunions.) 
Grape Capsule Company, 108 Fulton Street, New York, 
N. Y. 

(N) Cod Liver Oil Capsules. (A good cod liver oil 
in capsule form, hut is short weight and high 
priced considering the amount of oil obtained, 
due allowance being made for the expense of 
the capsule form; claims are conservative.) 

(N) Olive Oil Grapes. (Olive oil in capsule form, ex- 
cessive claims as to its value as a ^^ tissue builder 
and flesh creator," as'^an appetizer," etc.) 

* Ricinol Grape. (Castor oil.) (A good castor oil 
in capsule form. Slightly short weight but 
2^/4 grams for ten cents is not excessive.) 
Grove, E. W. (Paris Medicine Co., St. Louis, Mo.). 

(D) Laxative Bromo-Quinine. (Contains aloin, as a 
laxative, bromid and phenacetin (2 grains per 
tablet), belladonna and quinine. A most un- 
desirable product for miscellaneous uncon- 
trolled ingestion.) 
Hydrox- Chemical Company, New York, Chicago, San 
Francisco. 

(N) Hydrox Hydrogen Peroxide. (Contains acet- 



136 1001 TESTS 



anilid as a preservative. Extravagant claims 
as to efficacy as a mouth wash,) 

Jad Salts Company, New York, N. Y. 

(D) Jad Brand Salts. {A shot-gun prescription 
which '^cures'' too many diseases at once. Con- 
sists principally of sodium phosphate, sodium 
and potassium ticarhonates and citric and tar- 
taric acids, and a very small amount of hexa- 
methylene tetramine, antiseptic diuretic, as 
stated on the label. Odor of formaldehyde 
showed partial decomposition of last named in- 
gredient. Miscellaneous drugging of this hind 
is useless and often attended by an element of 
danger. 75 cents is an exorbitant price for four 
ounces of this material.) 

Kimball, Lucile, 1327 So. Michigan Boulevard, Chicago, 
111. 
(D) Obesity Remedy. (Consists of 1. A powder 
made up of soap, epsom salts and washing soda, 
for external application. 2. Brown tablets 
consisting essentially of aloin a laxative, bella- 
donna and nux vomica. 3. Pink tablets to 
furnish a tonic and stomachic, consisting es- 
sentially of capsicum, menthol, and bitter prin- 
ciples resembling those from quassia and gen- 
tian; harmless in general, but utterly unable to 
fulfill the excessive claims made for it as a flesh 
reducer.) 



HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 13T 

Kinox Company, Rutland, Vermont. 

(N) Kinox. {Essentially the product known as Chin- 
osol, a derivative of quinolin, A good antisep- 
tic sold under a fancy name with extravagant 
claims for its application.) 

Landshut, Karl, Chicago, 111. 

(D) Louisenbad Reduction Salt. (Essentially epsom 
salts, worth about 2 cents a pound and sold for 
one dollar. That it would prove a ^* remedy 
for obesity without the use of drugs, diet, exer- 
cises,'* by using it in the bath water, is ob- 
viously absurd, neither would it ^^tone the 
whole body/') 

Lambert Pharmacal Company, St. Louis, Mo. 

i^ Listerine. 
Lehn and Fink, New York City. 

* Lysol. (A solution of cresylic acid with a germi- 

cidal value about twice that of carbolic; name 
objectionable, as not being descriptive of the 
product, which, however, is an excellent one. 
Very similar to the ^^ Liquor cresolis composi- 
ius'' of the Pharmacopoeia.) 

Luden, W. H., Reading, Pa. 

* Menthol Cough Drops. \A simple menthol cough 

drop, for which no extravagant medicinal claims 
are made. Efficacy of all cough drops is of 
course very limited.) 



138 1001 TESTS 



Martindale, Thomas, and Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 
(D) Royal Olvules. {A first-class olive oil in capsule 
form. Disapproved because of the fact that 
only two or three ounces are given for $1 and 
the claims as to its being a specific for constipa- 
tion and a preventative for appendicitis, are 
manifestly misleading. A useful and unobjec- 
tionable product if properly priced and pre- 
sented.) 

Medical Formula Company, Chicago, 111. 

(D) Calocide Compound. {A foot bath consisting of 
alum, salt and gallic acid. Might be very draw- 
ing and drying to the feet, undesirably so un- 
der some conditions.) 

Mentholatimi Company, Buffalo, New York. 

(D) Mentholatum. {A useful mixture of camphor, 
menthol, vaseline and boric acid, but the state- 
ment that it will give even ''quick relief for 
hay fever, pneumonia, croup, neuralgia, rheu- 
matism, etc., must be considered decidedly mis- 
leading.) 

Merck and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Creolin-Pearson. {An efficient disinfectant; for- 

mer dangerous claim of ''non-poisonous," and 
excessive claims as to strength withdrawn; ap- 
plications and efficiency claims still somewhat 
too broad.) 
MoUer, Peter, London (Schieffelin and Company, U. S. 
Agents, New York). 

* Hydroxyl-Free Cod Liver Oil. {A very pure, high 



HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 139 

quality cod liver oil. The claim made that it 
is hydroxyl-free appears to he questionable and 
claims as to its heing a ^'perfect food/' **a uni- 
versal remedy,'* etc., are deprecated as mean- 
ingless exaggeration.) 
Moras, Dr. E. R., Highland Park, Illinois. 

(D) Detoxyl. {A tablet consisting essentially of ep- 
som salts with citric and tartaric acids in com- 
hination with soda. Said to cure practically all 
Jcnown diseases from pneumonia to whooping 
cough', including typhoid fever and delirium tre- 
mens, when used in connection with the die- 
tetic and hygienic system outlined in the litera- 
ture. The claims are obviously impossible of 
fulfillment. See article in ^'Good Housekeep- 
ing, April, 1914.) 

(D) Eye Cream. {A mixture of cocoa butter and lan- 
olin, or some similar fat. No medication what- 
ever could be found, not even boric acid. A 
small salve box of this is sold for $2. It is 
claimed that all eye troubles can he cured by 
massaging the eyelids with it. Pretensions ob- 
viously misleading and impossible of fulfill- 
ment.) 
Musterole Company, Inc., Cleveland, OMo. 

(D) Musterole. {A good mustard and menthol prep- 
aration, probably non-blistering as claimed, 
but the statements that it would prevent pneu- 
monia, and that there is ^'nothing like it" for 



140 1001 TESTS 



rheumatism, pleurisy, tonsilitis, etc., are fms- 
leading. ) 

New Skin Company, 98 Grand Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
* New Skin. {Essentially a flexible collodion with 
amyl acetate; has also antiseptic properties hut 
^^germ^killing'^ powers are somewhat problem- 
atic.) 

Nikola Chemical Company, 449 W. 52nd St., New York, 
N.Y. 
(D) Nikola Bathing Compound and Weight Eeducer. 
{Essentially washing soda with a little salt. 
The claim that it is '' Recommended by leading 
physicians here and abroad as a weight reducer 
and a preventative of gout, rheumatism, kidney 
trouble, and all forms of skin diseases" is pal- 
pably misleading.) 

Oakland Chemical Company, New York, N. Y. 

"A" Dioxogen. {A most excellent household antisep- 
tic and germicide. Claims in regard to de- 
struction of diphtheria and other disease germ^, 
leaving the mouth sterile, affording effective re- 
lief in hay fever, etc., too strong, but are in 
process of revision.) 

Olmsted, Allen S., New York, N. Y. 

(N) Allen's Foot Ease. {Essentially talc and boric 
acid. No curative value for '^ingrowing nails 
and bunions.") 

Pond's Extract Company, New York, N. Y. 

(N) Pond's Extract. {Distilled extract of witch 
hazel; slightly exaggerated claims, though it is 



HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 141 

not described as a remedy, hut only for use in 
earache, toils, toothache, neuralgia, sore eyes, 
etc; claim that ^'nothing else is so healing to 
the skin" is exaggerated.) 

Potter Drug and Chemical Company, Boston, Mass. 
(D) Cuticura Ointment. {A vaseline and wax prep- 
aration, perfumed, depending essentially on the 
small amount of phenol present for its anti- 
septic value. Claims for its efficacy in treating 
humors, ulcers, eczema, etc., greatly over- 
stated.) 

Pure Gluten Food Company, 90 West Broadway, New 
York, N. Y. 
(N) Hoyt's *'Sweetina.'' {A preparation of sac- 
charin for the use of diabetics. Legitimate 
product if plainly named.) 

Rueckheim Brothers and Eckstein, Chicago, 111. 

(N) Angelus Cough Drops. {A horehound cough 
drop, flavored with sassafras and containing 
no drugs. 25 per cent, of glucose and 64 per 
cent, of sucrose. Statement that it is highly 
recommended for sore throat, is a slight exag- 
geration.) 

Sam Katz Company, 1325 South Michigan Avenue, 
Chicago, 111. 
(D) Sam Katz Oxygen Treatment for Catarrh. 
(This treatment consists of four parts: (1) 
A so-called oxygen germicide, consisting of 
sodium perborate flavored with cinnamon. (2) 
Plumose fiber, which is absorbent cotton 



142 1001 TESTS 



heavily impregnated with aromatic substances, 
methyl salicylate, menthol, etc., and (3) two 
sets of tablets one of which generates oxygen 
on treatment with acid. Product might have 
some disinfecting power hut is entirely unable 
to fulfill the claims made for it as a catarrh cure 
and the claims based on the liberation of oxy- 
gen in the stomach and intestines are unscien- 
tific and unwarranted.) 
Sargol Company, Binghamton, N. Y. 

(D) Sargol. {The report of State Chemist Street 
of Connecticut for 1914 includes the following 
statement concerning Sargol: 

*'The active ingredients identified in the pills 
were potassium, sodium, and calcium hypophos- 
phites, a magnesium salt, strychnin, and a vege- 
table drug or drugs yielding emodin. These 
were associated in the mass with soap and a fat 
or vegetable oil. In other words these are sim- 
ply tonic pills with laxative qualities, and con- 
tain nothing, barring of course the starch and 
sugar of the coatings, which will offer nutriment 
to the ^thin and emaciated.^ '' 

The claims made are obviously absurd, the 
tonic value of hypophosphites has been dis- 
credited by the most competent authorities, and 
the strychnin and laxative principles seem to 
be the only important ingredients. They can 
hardly make ^^puny, peevish people plump and 



HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 143 

popular/' or assure that *^any man or woman 
can now be plump and well developed.'') 

Spencer Kellogg and Sons, Buffalo, N. Y. 

* Tasteless Castor Oil. (Practicallif tasteless and 
claims for its efficiency only slightly exagger- 
ated.) 

Stearns, Frederick and Co., Detroit, Mich. 

(D) Headache Cure. (Shac.) {A typical headache 
remedy containing in each wafer one-half grain 
of caffein and 4 grains of acetanilid, the latter 
being a dangerous and heart depressant drug 
which has no remedial value but merely reduces 
the susceptibility to pain.) 

Sterizol Sales Company, Boston, Mass. 

(D) Sterizol, The Perfect Antiseptic. {An antiseptic 
mixture of sodium chlorid and borax, with a 
small amount of menthol and thymol. Sold for 
$1 a package and recommended for practically 
every known ill. Claims for its efficiency and 
superiority are entirely unwarranted. Charge 
is excessive.) 

Sulpho-Napthol tompany, Boston, Mass. 

(N) Sulpho-Napthol. (A very good coal tar prepara- 
tion having from 2.3 to 3.8 times the efficiency 



144 1001 TESTS 



of carbolic acid, tut the extravagant medicinal 
and curative claims might prove misleading to 
the layrrum.) 

West Disinfecting Company, New York, N. Y. 

* C. N. Disinfectant. {A very excellent phenol, 
cresol, coal tar disinfectant in concentrated soap 
solution; germicidal value nearly six times that 
of phenol hut the claims, while much moderated 
are still slightly broad.) 

Woolheal Chemical Company, 149-151 Church street, 
New York, N. Y. 
[(D) [Wool Heal. (A partially purified wool grease, in- 
ferior to the TJ. S. P. lanolin. Extravagant 
claims made that it will afford immediate re- 
lief in the most distressing forms of pimples, 
and all flesh and skin blemishes.) 



xin 

LAED, BUTTEES, AND THEIE SUB. 
STITUTES 

IT is quite impossible to certify without sanitary 
inspection to the materials from which lard and 
butter have been made, but careful chemical tests 
were made of these products to determine whether 
or not they complied with the standards as to the 
amount of moisture and the quality and quantity of 
the fat present, and were free from artificial color 
or preservatives. Over and over we are asked, 
'*Is oleomargarine wholesome?" and ''What is 
Crisco?" Oleomargarine may digest somewhat 
more slowly than butter but this does not prove 
that it is less nutritious. There is no reason why 
it should not be an acceptable food if honestly sold 
at a lower price than the more delicious, but no 
more wholesome, butter. This is assuming that 
the oleomargarine is made in a cleanly way from 
pure neutral lard, beef fat, or vegetable oils, with 
or without the admixture of cream or butter. 

Crisco, the much advertised cooking fat, is made 
from cotton seed oil by a special process which 
solidifies it There are no scientific data as to its 

145 



146 1001 TESTS 



relative digestibility, but as far as we know it is a 
perfectly wholesome and efficient substitute for 
cooking butter and lard. Claims made as to its 
taking the place of butter in cake making and the 
superiority of foods that are cooked in it, open up 
a debatable field to put it mildly. Cooks will 
doubtless disagree on these points. It is said 
to be richer than butter because it contains less 
water and therefore, has relatively more fat in a 
given bulk. To this extent it is more economical. 
The question of flavoring and consistency, how- 
ever, would enter into cake making and it is ques- 
tionable whether it takes the place of butter for 
such uses ; as a frying medium, it undoubtedly has 
certain physical properties which are advantage- 
ous. Moreover butter has a special value in pro- 
moting growth not possessed by any other fats. 

The peanut butters so extensively used now, 
especially for children, are included in this section. 
These products offer in concentrated form a ration 
very high in two of the principal food elements. 
All of the products approved contained 45 per cent. 
or more of fat, about 29 per cent, of protein, and 
approximately 22 per cent, of carbohydrates. 
These are plainly rich, highly nutritious foods to 
be eaten in small quantities, rather than perfectly 
balanced foods for a general diet. 



LARD, BUTTERS, SUBSTITUTES 147 

TESTED LARD, BUTTERS AND THEIR SUB- 
STITUTES 

(Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (2V) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Ammon and Pearson, Jersey City, N. J. 

* Oleomargarine, Baby Brand. (A properly la- 

heled and acceptable oleomargarine, uncolored. 
Has no right to appellation ^^ Creamery But- 
terine/' which is sometimes used and is mis- 
leading.) 
Armour and Company, Chicago, 111. 

* Armour's *' Simon Pure" Leaf Lard. 

Beechnut Packing Company, Canajoharie, N. Y. 

i(^ Beechnut Brand Peanut Butter. 
Bosman and Lohman Company, Norfolk, Va. 

* Nut-Let Peanut Butter. 

Carque Pure Food Company, Los Angeles, California. 

* Carque 's Nut Cream Butter. (Ground nuts with 

cocoanut; somewhat extravagant nutritive 
claims.) 

Forest Home Farm, Purcellville, Md. 

* Lard. 

Fairbank, N. K., Company, Chicago and New York. 

* Cottolene. {Cotton seed oil and heef stearin, un- 

colored.) 



148 1001 TESTS 



Fox River Butter Company. 

"A Pure Butter. (^^ Absolutely Pure^^ claim objec- 
tionahle, as always. An excellent product, 
however, with very low moisture content, show- 
ing careful preparation.) 

Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. 

* Peanut Butter. 

Hills Brothers Company, New York, N. Y, 

* Datenut Butter. 

Jones Dairy Farm, Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin. 

* Pure Lard. 

Morehouse Mills, Chicago, and Los Angeles. 

tAt Mrs. Morehouse's Peanut Butter, 
Morris and Company, Chicago, 111. 

ik Marigold Oleomargarine. 
Proctor and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

* Crisco. (Cottonseed oil solidified by a special 

process.) 
Swift and Company, Chicago. 

(N) Silver-Leaf Brand Lard. {Of good quality but 
does not comply with requirements for a '*leaf^' 
lard, use of the words ^^Silver-Leaf Brand'' con- 
sidered misleading.) 
if Swift's Premium Oleomargarine. 

* Swift's Jersey Brand Oleomargarine. 



XIV 

MEATS— (CANNED, DEIED, ETC.) 

IN many of tlie dried meats potassium nitrate 
(saltpetre) is present in small amounts. It is 
not needed to preserve these products but is used 
solely to give the reddish color of fresh meat to 
the smoked or dried meat. Its use has never been 
forbidden by official ruling, and only very small 
amounts are found, but the purpose for which it is 
used is clearly misleading, and since nitrate of 
potassium is rarely employed at present, even for 
therapeutic purposes, because it is inferior to the 
harmless vegetable potassium salts, and next to the 
cyanid and chlorate of potassium salts is consid- 
ered the most poisonous of this class of bodies, it 
seems to me obvious that its use in a food product 
is undesirable. The lowest passing mark has been 
given to the recently examined products contain- 
ing not more than 0.1 per cent, of potassium ni- 
trate, if otherwise of high grade. 

TESTED MEATS AND MEAT PRODUCTS, 
(CANNED, DRIED, ETC.) 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxriii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

149 



150 1001 TESTS 



Armour and Coimpany, Chicago, 111. 

(N) Sliced Dried Beef. {Short weight and a trace of 
saltpetre present.) 
Beech-Nut Packing Company, Canajoharie, N. Y. 

* Beech-Nut Brand Sliced Beef. 

* Beech-Nut Brand Sliced Bacon. 

Cresca Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Pate de Foies Gras Aux Truffes du Perigord Stras- 

bourg (Alsace) Germany. 

Derby, H. C, Company, New York, N. Y, 

* Derby Brand Lambs Tongues. 

Ferris, F. A. and Company. 

* Our Trade Mark Ham. 
lA: Boneless Bacon. 

Forest Home Farm, Purcellville, Yirginia. 

* Scrapple (unlabeled). 

* Sausage. 

* Virginia Ham. 

Frank, L., and Son, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. (Bought of 
C. Jevne and Company, 32 South Wahash 
Avenue, Chicago, III.) 

ic Lax Ham. 

i< Liver Sausage. 

* Summer Sausage. 

Grand View Farm Produce Company, Lancaster, Pa. 

* Pork Sausage. 

Gordon and Dil worth, New York City. 

* Calves Foot and Head Jelly. 



MEATS (CANNED, DRIED, ETC.) 151 

Hormel, G. A. and Company, Austin, Minn. 

* Dairy Brand Bacon. 

* Dairy Brand Ham. 

Houston Packing Company, Houston, Texas. 

(N) Cooked Whole Ox Tongue — Red Cross Brand. 

{Small amount of saltpetre present.) 
(N) Cooked Compressed Corned Beef — Red Cross 
Brand. {Small amount of saltpetre present.) 

Jones Dairy Farm, Fort Atkinson, Wis. 

* Bacon. 

* Ham. 

* Little Sausage. 

Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111. 

(N) Wafer Sliced Dried Beef. {Small amount of salt- 
petre present.) 

(N) Potted Meat, Beef Ham Flavor. {A compound 
honestly labeled hut not of high quality.) 

i^ Boneless Chicken. 

* Deviled Ham. 

(N) Veal Loaf with Pork and Beef Product. {A mis- 
cellaneous mixture not of high quality.) 

Pond, E. K. Packing Company, Chicago, 111. 

(N) Derby Brand Boneless Chicken. {Coarse, 
stringy, not high quality, prohahly old fowls.) 

Richardson and Robbins, Dover, Delaware. 
^ Boned Chicken. 

* Potted Ham. 



152 1001 TESTS 



Swift and Company, U. S. A. 
(N) Premium Ham. 
(N) Premium Bacon Sliced. 

(Small amount of saltpetre present, good qual- 
ity otherwise.) 
i^ Premium Bacon (Slab). 

Underwood, W. M., Company, Boston, Mass. 
Vk- Original Deviled Ham. 



XV 

OLIVE OILS, ETC. 

THE olive oils examined uphold tlie opinion 
that Tinder the law this product as imported 
is no longer adulterated to any extent. Nearly all 
the samples complied with the standards. Occa- 
sionally, some dealer mixes cottonseed oil with 
olive on after it is received in this country, as the 
difference in price makes the adulteration a most 
profitahle one. The cotton seed oil, however, is, as 
far as we know, just as nutritious and wholesome 
as the olive oil, hut merely has less flavor, is less 
delicious and should be properly sold under its own 
name and at a lower price. 

Careful organoleptic tests were made of six of 
the olive oils examined, which all complied with the 
standards as far as chemical analysis could deter- 
mine, to see whether any difference in quality could 
be detected by an unprejudiced jury. The three im- 
ported oils included in the test, namely, Artaud, 
Barton and Guestier, and the Lucca oil of S. Eae 
and Company, were plainly of deep color, and rich, 
characteristic flavor and odor. The Pompeian Oil 

153 



154 1001 TESTS 



was paler in color and blander, the flavor and odor 
not being so marked ; while the Heinz oil was unan- 
imously considered to have the mildest flavor and 
odor, and the palest color ; one juror, however, pre- 
ferred it on this account. This seems to establish 
the point that personal taste enters too largely into 
these fine distinctions of quality to afford any basis 
for discrimination and all of the oils starred are at 
least pure olive oils complying with the standards. 
All edible oils are easily digested and furnish 
heat and energy with small effort on the part of the 
body. They spare the carbohydrates and so indi- 
rectly may be fattening; besides their nutritive 
value and easy digestibility, they serve as a mild, 
natural laxative. 

TESTED OLIVE OILS, ETC. 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (^) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Acker, Merrall and Condit Company, New York City. 

* Olive Oil. 

Artaud, J. B., and A. Freres, Marseilles, France. 

* Pure Olive Oil. 



Barton and Gueatier, Bordeaux, France. 
• Olive Oil. 



OLIVE OILS, ETC. 155 

Calvet and Company, Water Street, New York, N. Y. 

* HuHe d 'Olive. 

Campbell Company, Boston, Mass. 

(D) Campbeirs Kooking Oil. {Chiefly a cottonseed 
oil with some olive oil and possibly a little com 
oil. Extravagant claims as to being a blend of 
fruit and vegetable oils, producing a product 
more healthy than lard or butter. Claims not 
to compete with cottonseed oil when it is 
largely cottonseed.) 

Castle, The W. A., Company, Springfield, Mass. 

* Cream Olive Oil. 
Chiris, Antoine, Grasse, France. 

* Huile d 'Olive, Surfine, U. S. P. 

Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. 

* Pure Olive Oil, Imported. (A bland light oil, 

authentic but not as rich in color and flavor 
as the other starred products.) 

Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111. 

* Olive Oil, Pure, Imported. 

Maspero, C, Inc., (Packers) — ^Lucca, Italy. 

(N) Lucca Olive Oil, Extra Pine. {Short measure 
and slightly below standard requirements in 
some particulars, though no adulterants could 
be identified.) 
Mentoni Company, The, New York, N. Y. 

(N) Italian Olive Oil, Rudelco Brand. {Good qual- 
ity, hut short weight.) 



156 1001 TESTS 



Pompeian Company, "Washington, D. G. 
"A" Olive Oil, Pompeian Brand. 

Rae, S., and Company, Leghorn. 

* Lucca Oil, Finest Sublime. 

Southern Cotton Oil Company, 24 Broad Street, New 
York, N. Y. 

* "Wesson Snowdrift Oil. {A good coitonseed oU 

prop0rly labeled.) 



- XVI 
PEESEEVES, PICKLES, ETC. 

PEESEEVES, jams, and jellies are much more 
liable to be compounded and adulterated than 
are the canned goods which depend simply upon 
sterilization for their preservation and are not 
mixtures. The housekeeper should read the label 
on all preserves very carefully. Artificial coloring 
and chemical preservatives, glucose, instead of 
sugar, the use of more sugar than fruit, giving a 
characterless product, and the mixing of fruit 
residues with apple are all faults to be looked out 
for with this class of products. Fruits that have 
already done service in making jelly may be used 
again in preserves and some times phosphoric acid 
and citric acid are added to make up for the lacking 
flavor of the fresh fruit. Careful label reading 
will go far to protect the housewife on these points. 
While, of course, entirely wholesome products 
may be made by using apples or apple juice for the 
foundation and merely flavoring it with other 
fruits, these are not of high quality and if they con- 
sist principally of apple juice they should be 

157 



158 1001 TESTS 



labeled apple jelly or jam, flavored with raspberry, 
or strawberry. They have no right to the title 
** raspberry jam'' when they consist principally of 
apple, a much cheaper f niit. Whenever the word 
'* compound" appears upon the label it is a signal 
of distress. These compounds uniformly contain 
cheaper ingredients than the straight product 
which they are intended to replace. In other 
words, the term is usually a synonym for adultera- 
tion. Compound preserves, as a rule, consist 
largely of glucose and derive what little fruit fla- 
vor they have from apple and the residues of other 
fruits. Compounding is simply cheapening a 
product with a view to deception and the preserve 
and jam should represent the pure type of its re- 
spective kind, if quality is to be attained. 

Alum, a substance of very dubious healthful- 
ness, sometimes used to give crispness, and cop- 
per sulphate to give a vivid green color, are to be 
avoided in pickles. All of the products certified 
in this list contain a due amount of the fresh fruit 
from which the product is named, give fair weight 
and are free from glucose, preservatives, and 
added color. Beading the label carefully is al- 
most a sure protection on these points. 



PRESERVES, PICKLES, ETC. 159 



TESTED PRESERVES, PICKLES, ETC. 

(Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Acker, Merrall and Condit Company, New York City. 

* Currant Jelly, Black. 

* Currant Jelly, Red. 

American Fruit Product Company, Rochester, N. Y. 
(N) Clarendon Brand Blackberry and Apple Pure 
Jam. {No distinctive flavor, probably should 
he labeled ^^ Apple and Blackberry/^ No glu- 
cose present; a cheap, harmless product but not 
of ''star'' quality.) 

Austin-Nichols and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Red Raspberry Preserves. 

* Preserved Damsons. 

Beech-Nut Packing Company, Canajoharie, N. Y. 
'k Currant Jelly. 

* Grape, Concord, Jam. 

* Grape Fruit Marmalade. 
k Quince Jelly. 

* Strawberry Jam. 

Cresca Company, New York City. 

(N) Pistachios. (13 per cent, of glucose was present 
in the syrup in which these nuts were packed^*, 
should have been declared on the label.) 

* Rose Leaves. (A jam.) 



160 1001 TESTS 



Crosse and Blackwell, London, England. 

* Apricot, Fresh Fruit Jam. 

* Chow Chow. 

* Gooseberry, Fresh Fruit Jam. 

* Marmalade, Pure Orange. 

* Mixed Fickle. 

:k Strawberry, Fresh Fruit Jam. 
Cruikshanks Brothers Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. 

(N) Apple and Currant Jelly. (No distinctive flavor. 
Correctly labeled as it is prohaMy an apple 
jelly, slightly flavored with currant. No glu- 
cose, A cheap, harmless product, hut not of 
^^star" quality.) 
Curtice Brothers Company, Eochester, N. Y. 

(D) Blackberries, Preserved. {Preserved with sodium 
henzoate.) 

(D) Pineapple Marmalade, with 10 per cent. Apple 
Juice. 

(D) Quince, Fresh Fruit Jam with 10 per cent. Apple 
Juice. 

(D) Strawberry, Fresh Fruit Jam with 10 per cent. 
Apple Juice. 

(D) Raspberry, Fresh Fruit Jam with 10 per cent. 
Apple Juice. 

(Last four products contain approximately ten 
per cent, of ''corn syrup'' (glucose), ten per 
cent, of apple juice and one-tenth of one per 
cent, of henzoate of soda, all declared on the 
label,) 



PRESERVES, PICKLES, ETC. 161 

Ehman Olive Company, Oroville, Cal. 

* California Ehman Ripe Olives. 

Gordon and Dilworth, New York, N. Y. 

* Orange Marmalade, Pure Fruit Jam. 

* Pineapple, Pure Fruit Jam. 
-k Raspberry, Pure Fruit Jam. 

{'^Absolutely pure^* claim objectionable a^s al- 
ways.) 

Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. 

* Currant Jelly. 

'A' Euchred Pickle, sweet. 
i^ Strawberry Preserves. 
Humbert and Andrews, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

* Raspberry Jam, Acme Brand. 
"A" Strawberry Jam, Acme Pure. 

Jefferson Pickle Company, Richmond, Ya. 

(N) Sweet Gherkins. F. F. V. Crystallized Pickles. 
(PicMes somewhat tough and shriveled.) 

Kidd, Mrs. E. G., Richmond, Va. 

* Pin Money Pickles — Gherkins. 

Leggett, Francis H., and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Raspberry Preserves. 

Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111. 

* Queen Olives. 

* Red Raspberry Preserves. 

* Pure Strawberry Preserves. 

* Sweet Midgets. 



162 .1001 TESTS 



Morehouse Mills, Chicago and Los Angeles. 
Mrs. Morehouse's Pure Fruit Jellies. 

(N) Crabapple. 

(N) Currant and Apple. 

(N) Grape and Apple. 

(N) Raspberry and Apple. 

(Considered mishranded as there is 30 per cent, 
of apple juice present and only 20 per cent, of 
the fruit from which the product takes its name, 
according to declaration on the lahel. Should 
he labeled ^^ apple jelly flavored with grape, cur- 
rant, etc. Flavor due to the special fruit 
named very slight.) 

Olney Canning Company, Burt, Oneida, N. T. 

* Strawberries, Burt Olney 's. 

Pratt-Low Preserving Company, Santa Clara, Cal. 

* Green Gage Plums. 

Robertson Preserve Company, James, The, iWest Som- 
erville, Boston, Mass. 
•jAr Golden Shred Pure Orange Marmalade. 



XVII 
SUGAES AND SACCHAEINE PEODUCTS 

THE principal sugar of commerce is known as 
sucrose. It is produced almost exclusively 
from the sugar beet and the sugar cane. The 
quantity made from the sugar beet, considering 
the world's production, is considerably greater 
than that made from sugar cane. Chemically, the 
sugar from the sugar beet and that from the sugar 
cane are identical, but this is only true when both 
are pure. Eaw sugars from the cane and from 
the beet differ most markedly. Eaw cane sugars 
are aromatic, good tasting, good smelling and de- 
licious. Eaw beet sugars are soapy, bad smelling, 
bad tasting, and unedible. These differences are 
caused by the natural differences in the ingredi- 
ents of the cane and the beet. The sugar beet con- 
tains large quantities of potash. When heated 
the potash unites with the fatty and oily matters 
present in the beet and produces soaps of a bad 
smelling and tasting character. The potash salts 
themselves are bitter. The juice of the sugar cane 
contains very little mineral matter and no un- 

163 



164 1001 TESTS 



savory products are formed when they are sub- 
jected to heat. The natural aromatic substances 
of the cane give rise to pleasant odors about a 
cane factory, while just the opposite obtains at a 
beet factory. It is sometimes possible to distin- 
guish a refined beet sugar from cane sugar by 
its odor, especially if it is kept in a closed con- 
tainer. 

The pure granulated sugars made from the 
sugar beet and sugar cane are equally useful for 
domestic purposes. Some manufacturers and 
housewives prefer cane sugar for the making of 
cake, preserves, jams, jellies, etc., and also cane 
sugar is preferred by many confectioners. For 
ordinary sweetening purposes, however, for coffee, 
tea, etc., there is no difference between a pure 
high grade cane sugar and a pure high grade beet 
sugar. In the United States the sugars which are 
consumed are chiefly cane; in a consumption of 
four million tons only about seven hundred thou- 
sand tons are derived from the beet. 

Invert sugar, which comprises almost the whole 
of honey, and a considerable portion of molasses 
and syrups, is a mixture of two sugars obtained 
from cane or beet sugar by a process which is 
known as inversion. Invert sugar is sweeter than 
sucrose itself and is more difficult to crystallize. 



SUGARS, SYRUPS, ETC. 165 

hence, it is an ideal constituent of honeys, syrups 
and molasses. 

The white sugars of commerce are practically all 
of a very high grade, being 99.5 per cent, pure and 
over. The remainder consists of ash and mois- 
ture. Low grade sugars have almost disappeared 
from the American market. "We stiU have a few 
brown sugars which represent the second and third 
grades of the refinery. These brown sugars con- 
tain considerable quantities of moisture and ash, 
and also a little invert sugar. They are preferred 
for some purposes, in cooking and candy-making, 
to the pure white sugars. 

Pure white sugars come in three forms, namely, 
cut or loaf sugars, granulated sugar and powdered 
sugar. These are all practically of equal grade. 
There are certain forms of lump sugar that are 
very carefully crystallized and broken, such, for 
instance, as crystal domino, that sell for a much 
higher price than the ordinary granulated sugars. 
These high price sugars, however, do not have any 
greater sweetening power than those ordinarily 
found upon the market. 

A great many people do not understand the dif- 
ference between molasses and syrups. There is a 
distinct commercial difference recognized. Mo- 
lasses is a by-product of sugar-making, in other 



166 1001 TESTS 



words, after tlie sugar has crystallized tlie residual 
liquid portions are separated and constitute tlie 
molasses. Molasses is found in three different 
grades, namely, firsts, seconds, and thirds or black- 
strap ; meaning the product from the first, second 
and third crystallizations respectively. The mo- 
lasses is separated by a machine known as a cen- 
trifugal, but in the early days of sugar-making the 
molasses was separated by gravity, leaving a 
brown sugar of rich and aromatic character and 
producing a molasses of the finest quality. This 
old fashioned New Orleans molasses is no longer 
obtainable in the markets. 

Syrups are the product of the direct condensa- 
tion of the expressed juices of the sugar-producing 
plants without the separation of any sugar. The 
only treatment which syrups should receive is that 
of cleansing during the process of evaporation. 
Thus the sap of the maple when evaporated to a 
proper consistency produces maple syrup. The 
same is true of the sap of the sugar cane and of 
sorghum. These three kinds of syrup are prac- 
tically the only natural syrups on the market. In 
addition to these, a large class of so-called syrups 
is made by mixing. The base of the mixture is 
usually glucose, incorrectly called ''corn syrup." 
Glucose can be made of potatoes, as well as of In- 



SUGARS, SYRUPS, ETC. 167 

dian corn and if it is to be called a syrup at all it 
should be called either com starch syrup or potato 
starch syrup, as the case may be. According to 
the standards fixed by the Secretary of Agricul- 
ture, according to law, the term ** syrup" unquali- 
fied signifies only the concentrated sap or juice of 
a sugar-producing plant. The mixing of syrups 
is more or less misleading in character ; as an ex- 
ample, the following may be cited. Glucose in its 
natural state is never sold nor used as a table 
syrup. The so-called refiners' syrup, which is 
the last liquid product of the refinery, has such a 
salty taste, and such a peculiar flavor, acquired 
during the process of manufacture, as to be prac- 
tically inedible. A large business is done in this 
country by mixing glucose with refiner's syrup or 
sugar syrup and selling them as a table syrup 
under various fancy names, such as Karo, Velva, 
etc. 

There are many mixtures of maple syrup with 
other syrups, especially sugar syrup. In some 
States the percentages of the mixtures are 
required to be named upon the label. This should 
be the case everywhere. The quantity of maple 
syrup employed is usually extremely minute, 
scarcely sufficient to give the definite maple flavor, 
yet such syrups are sold under such a guise as to 



168 1001 TESTS 



indicate to tlie consumer that they are largely the 
product of maple. The pure food law has proved 
to be a great protection to the buyers of maple and 
other syrups, but it is not as complete a protection 
as could be hoped. The consumer who goes into a 
grocery store to-day and asks for syrup is not very 
apt to get an article which properly bears that 
name. He is more likely to secure a mixture of 
different kinds of syrups than to secure a pure 
cane, maple or sorghum product. 

The use of sulphur fumes in clarifying saccha- 
rine juices and of solutions of salts of tin in 
whitening sugar in the centrifugal machines, in- 
troduces into the residual molasses these two ob- 
jectionable products. Any notable quantity of 
these products, especially of sulphur dioxide would 
lead to the placing of the article in the noncom- 
mittal or disapproved classes. With misgivings, 
I have starred samples of molasses containing not 
over 0.007 per cent, of sulphur dioxide, according 
them the lowest rating for a * * star ' ' product, to this 
extent overlooking this minute amount of sulphur 
dioxide, because of the otherwise exceptionally 
good qualities of the product and the condition of 
the trade a.nd official rulings on this point. 

Honej is composed almost exclusively of invert 
sugar, '^liich is gathered by bees from flowers and 



SUGARS, SYRUPS, ETC. 169 

stored in the comb. The temptation to adulterate, 
especially the strained honeys, is great, inasmuch 
as the addition of glucose, of a syrup made from 
invert sugar, or of pure cane sugar syrup can be 
profitably practiced. These forms of adultera- 
tion, however, are easily detected by the chemist 
and the practice is much less prevalent than was 
formerly the case. 

TESTED SUGARS AND SACCHARINE 
PRODUCTS 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Adirondacks Maple Company, Lowville, Lewis County, 

N. y. 

-k Pride of the Ad-i-ron-dacks Maple Syrup. 
{On retesting product showed marked improve- 
ment, complying with all requirements except 
that it contained 2 per cent, too much water.) 
American Sugar Refining Company. 

* Crystal Domino Sugar. 

* Crystal Domino Confectioner's Sugar. 

* Crystal Domino Granulated Extra Fine Sugar. 

* Crystal Domino Powdered Sugar. 

* Crystal Domino Cane Sugar Syrup. {Largely in- 



170 1001 TESTS 



vert sugar with prohaUy a little refiner's 
syrup.) 

Corn Products Refining Company, New York, N. Y. 

(D) Karo, Dark Colored. {Largely glucose, with ap- 
proximately 10 to 15 per cent, of refiner's 
syrup, the last product of the sugar refinery. 
Not a true edible syrup, as it consists largely 
of dextrin, which is not a sugar at all, and 
the standards and usage require that an edible 
syrup should be a sugar or saccharine product. 
Not a ^'corn syrup" hut a ''corn starch syrup,'' 
or commercial glucose flavored with refiner's 
syrup.) 

(D) Karo, Light Colored. {Consists largely of glu- 
cose and approximately 10 per cent, of sugar 
syrup and flavoring material, vanilla. The 
comment made above applies to this product 
also.) 

Duff, P., and Sons, Pittsburgh, Pa. 

ifcr New Orleans Molasses. {Minute quantities of 
sulphur dioxide and tin present.) 

Heam and Jones, New Orleans, La. 

* Woman's Club Brand, Pure Molasses. {Minute 

quantities of sulphur dioxide and tin present.) 
Humbert and Andrews, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

* Acme Brand Pure Strained Honey. 

Leggett, Francis H., and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Premier Brand Strained Honey. 



SUGARS, SYRUPS, ETC. 171 



Leslie-Dunham and Company, Jersey City, N. J. 

(N) Leslie's Maple Syrup. {A harder line product, 
mineral ingredients are too low for a first-class 
maple syrup; either a very poor run or a mix- 
ture.) 

Love, J. S., Hattiesburg, Miss. 

* Pure Cane Molasses. {Really a high grade cane 

syrup, incorrectly called molasses.) 

New England Maple Syrup Company, Boston, Mass. 

* Golden Tree Pure Honey. 

(N) Vermont Maple Sap Syrup. {A border line 
product. Claims '^choicest quality, absolutely 
pure,'' which it is not. May have been the last 
run of the sap, or the product of a poor sea- 
son.) 

Park and Tilford, New York, N. Y. 

* Amber Syrup. (A pure sugar solution. Term 

*' amber" slightly misleading, as there is a rec- 
ognized variety of sorghum syrup bearing that 
name.) 
Penick and Ford, New Orleans, La. 

i^ Velva Brand Breakfast Syrup. (Green label. 
Contained a minute amowit of sulphur dioxid.) 
(D) Velva Syrup. (Bed label. Cane syrup, and 40 
per cent, of glucose. Contains more sucrose 
than Karo but the same type of product. A 
sub-label declares the presence of ''corn syrup." 
Misleading because ''Velva Brand" breakfast 



in 1001 TESTS 



syrup is a true syrup while this is a cheap mix- 
ture sold under the same brand name.) 
Stromeyer, J., and Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 

* Stromeyer Brand *'Penn Mar" of Fancy Table 

Syrup. (A good sugar syrup with a little high 
grade refiner ^s syrup added; generally extrav- 
(tgant claims made for its fame and delicious- 
ness,) 

Towle Maple Products Company, St. Johnsbury, Vt. 
(N) Log Cabin Syrup. {Analysis indicates about 20 
per cent, of maple. The Towle process appears 
to ^^ mellow and preserve the delicate maple 
flavor^' chiefly by diluting the maple. Such a 
claim is misleading though statement is made on 
label ''Made of pure cane sugar and maple 
sugar.' ^) 

Vagt, R., Brooklyn, N. Y. 

* Emerson Brand Pure Honey. 

Vermont Maple Sugar Maker's Market, Randolph, Ver- 
mont. 
(N) Vermont Maple Sj^rup. {A border line product, 
deficient in the mineral substances, which are 
characteristic of a true, high-grade maple 
syrup.) 

Welch Brothers Maple Company, Burlington, Vt. 
i< Vermont Maple Syrup. {Slightly deficient in the 
mineral substances characteristic of a high-grade 
maple syrup, but complies with all other re- 
quirements and is properly concentrated.) 



xvni 

TOILET ARTICLES 
COLD CREAMS 

MANY are the inquiries received concerning 
the relative merits of cold creams, the beau- 
tifying claims made for them, the best types to be 
used, which ones will grow hair on the face and 
which will not, presence of harmful ingredients, 
etc. 

There are three principal types of cold creams ; 
first, the grease creams, which have a base of 
petroleum or vaseline, with a little wax and sper- 
maceti, which is the commonest type ; second, the 
greaseless or ** vanishing" creams which consist 
chiefly of glycerin and soap ; and third, the casein 
preparations, such as the Pompeian cream. If 
the massaging with cold creams causes hair to 
grow on the face it is due to the stimulation of the 
circulation rather than to the grease. This theory 
has led nearly all makers of face creams loudly to 
denounce their competitors' products, as ^^Hair- 
growing creams," while declaring that their own 
will **not promote the growth of down on the 

173 



174 1001 TESTS 



face. " It is safe to say that one is no more harm- 
ful than another in this particular. It cannot he 
said that any one type is any better than another 
in general. The selection of a cold cream depends 
entirely npon the needs of the individual skin, the 
climate (dry high altitudes, wind and dust, calling 
especially for such massage), amount of outdoor 
exercise and exposure, etc. For some skins 
glycerin is agreeable and soothing and for others it 
is not. This is something which must be deter- 
mined by experiment. The chief objections to 
these products are the altogether ridiculous claims 
made for them. It is well enough to cleanse the 
pores of the skin thoroughly by massage with a 
cold cream, thus offsetting the drying or roughen- 
ing effects of wind and weather, stimulating the 
circulation and rendering the flesh more firm. 
Further than this they have no efficacy ; they will 
not ** rejuvenate the countenance" nor perform 
any miracles of healing, nor will they * ' overcome 
pimples or eruptions,'' which are nearly always 
due to the general health and condition of the 
blood. Where such claims were very misleading, 
the product has been disapproved, which does not 
mean that it is harmful in itself. Many of these 
creams contain some boric acid as an antiseptic, 
perfume, water, soap, etc. The peroxide creams, 



TOILET ARTICLES 175 

so-called, are usually misbranded, owing to the fact 
that the peroxide, even if it has been added in good 
faith, as is sometimes the case, is present in such 
unstable form that it quickly decomposes and loses 
its efficiency. None is found in the finished prod- 
uct, and therefore, no bleaching effect will be pro- 
duced by the majority of the creams as found on 
the market. 

It has been established in the courts in connec- 
tion with a case brought against Sartoin, a so- 
called '^skin food,'' that this claim is not permis- 
sible and that you cannot feed the skin by external 
applications. The skin must be fed by assimilation 
from within. In the Notice of Judgment published 
in regard to this product, the statement was made 
that *^ there is no such thing as a *skin food' sep- 
arate and apart from a food that nourishes all 
parts of the body"; *'said article and preparation 
could not possibly be a food under any circum- 
stances." This particular product, incidentally, 
consisted of epsom salts, colored pink and was of- 
fered as a skin food, whereas many of the bath 
mixtures offered as reduction cures, have the same 
constituent. Strange that the same preparation 
should reduce the weight under one label and 
''feed the tissues" under another. This is a good 
example of the foolish conflicting claims made for 



176 1001 TESTS 



these simple preparations. ** Madame Yale's" 
skin food was 76 per cent, vaseline, mixed with 
fixed oil and zinc oxide, perfumed and colored pink. 
The courts declared that the statement: ^^It is 
soothing in its effect on the skin, healing as a 
magic balm and fattening in its qualities'' was 
false and misleading in that **the said drug is sim- 
ply an ordinary ointment." It is strange in the 
face of these facts that the makers of cold creams 
will continue to make such obviously false claims 
for their harmless, simple products. 

The following is the pharmacopoeial formula for 
a cold cream, which any one can have put up at a 
drug store; or a petrolatum product may be 
bought in bulk as used by the theatrical profession, 
much more cheaply than when bought in small 
fancy packages. 

Ointment of Bose Water 

Spermaceti 125 grams. 

White Wax 120 '' 

Expressed Oil of Almond 560 '' 

Sodium Borate 5 * * 

Stronger Rose Water 190 '' 



To make about (2 lbs. 3 oz.) . 1000 grams. 

The only really dangerous products among the 
cold creams are the so-called freckle creams, which 



TOILET ARTICLES 177 

contain ammoniated mercury, a poisonous ingredi- 
ent which causes the skin to peel and takes the 
freckle with it. Zinc oxide is also pronounced in- 
jurious by the Public Health Bureau. 

TESTED TOILET PREPARATIONS * 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

COLD CREAMS 

American Druggists' Syndicate, Long Island City, N. Y. 

(D) A. D. S. Antiseptic Shaving Cream. {Consists of 
a semi-liquid soap containing a small amount 
of henzaldehyde and glycerin. Extravagant 
claims decrying soap, when it is merely a soap 
preparation. Antiseptic value slight.) 

(D) Peredixo Cream. {Soap, water and starch; no 
peroxide found. Claims to he ^^The original 
Peroxide Cream/' and to contain *^ peredixo/' 
a great healing agent, unwarranted.) 
Armour and Company, Chicago, 111. 

(N) Creme Luxor. {The usual type of ''vanishing" 
cream containing glycerin and soap. A good 
product still handicapped with extravagant 

* These are in no sense complete statements of analyses ; only 
the most essential and characteristic ingredients are mentioned. 



178 1001 TESTS 



clwims such as '^rejuvenates,^' *^ healing/' 
though former lahels implying ^'shin nourish- 
ment" have teen withdrawn. 
(N) Luxor Cold Cream. {A white petrolatum and 
wax product, of good quality, perfumed; mis- 
leading statements to the effect that it is ''un- 
equaled" ''soothes all irritations of the skin," 
"rejuvenates," etc., still remain, though the 
"shin food" claims, etc., have been withdrawn.) 

B. H. Company, The, Boston, Mass. 

-k Priscilla Parsons Cold Cream. {Consists of white 
petrolatum, wax, and horic acid perfumed, 
"for general use.") 

* Priscilla Parsons Liquid Cream. {Borax, stearic 

acid and glycerin, perfumed; "A skin cleanser 
for tourists"; no misleading claims. Good 
products and dignified labeling.) 

Colgate and Company, New York, N. Y. 

ik Cold Cream. {Fat, petrolatum, wax, soap, and 
perfume. Claim that it is "unequaled" is not 
warranted.) 
Crane, James C, 108 Fulton Street, New York, N. Y. 

* Creme Elcaya. {A good glycerin and soap prod- 

uct, perfumed. Statement that it "will not pro- 
mote growth of hair like the usual cold creams" 
is ohjectionahle; "renders skin soft, white and 
"beautiful" is also mildly extravagant.) 



TOILET ARTICLES 179 

Daggett and Ramsdell, New York, N. Y. 

lA: Perfect Cold Cream. {Fat, wax, petrolatum, soap 
and perfume. Typical of a good grease cream. 
Superlative statements that it is *^unequaled 
for massage'^ — '^The hest of all applications,' ' 
etc., unwarranted.) 

De Meridor Company, The, New York and Paris. 
(D) Creme de Meridor. {The soap and glycerin 
type, perfumed, containing 73 per cent, of 
water, no fat or wax. Impossible claims as to 
stimulating and nourishing the skin, and over- 
coming sallowness, freckles, eruptions, etc.; un- 
warranted inference that greasy creams deaden 
and injure the skin.) 

Espey, J. E., Chicago, 111. 

* Fragrant Cream, Espey 's. {A very pleasing glyc- 
erin and Irish moss compound horated. Ex- 
treme quality claims and use of superlatives 
are deprecated. Said to he the ''only perfect 
substitute for glycerin," when it contains glyc- 
erin.) 

Fay, C, Paris. 

(N) Creme Imperatrice. {A saponifiaUe fat, colored 
pink and perfumed, containing some zinc ozide 
and bismuth sub carbonate. Absurd claims as 
to preventing and concealing wrinkles and 
freckles. No special advantage over cold cream 
for general use, as claimed.) 



180 1001 TESTS 



Franco-American Hygienic Company, Chicago, 111. 
(N) Hygienic Creme Eogiene. (A good glycerin 
preparation containing horic acid, soap and 
water. Meaningless claims that it will '^impart 
a transparent effect not achievable hy any other 
treatment.' ') 

Gannon, E. M., Woodside, N. J., or W. M. Willett, San 
Francisco, Cal. 

(D) Wakelees Camelline. {A suspension of hismuth 
subcarhonate, and calcium carbonate in rose 
water, colored pink. Extravagant claims that 
it will ^'remove eruptions, sallowness, restore 
the color of youth, preserve the teeth from de- 
cay/' — ^^a new discovery," etc.) 
Gille, E., 1 Hamilton Grange, New York. 

(D) Almond Skin Food. {SaponifiaUe fat with al- 
mond perfume. Had become rancid; name not 
warranted, in any respect. Improbable that 
true almond is used and there is no such thing 
as '^a shin food.") 
* Disappearing Cream. {The usual soap and glyc- 
erin compound with boric acid and perfume.) 

(N) Lemon Cleansing Cream, 

(N) Strawberry Beauty Cream. 

{Fair quality; saponiflable fat, perfumed 
with lemon in one case and colored with co- 
chineal in the other.) 



TOILET ARTICLES 181 

Graham, Mrs. Gervaise, 1475 Michigan Avenue, Chicago, 
111. 

(D) Kosmeo. {Saponifiahle fat and perfume. Of 
only ordinary quality; claims that ''It has no 
equal/' ^' keeps the skin fine grained/' not per- 
missible.) 

Hinds, A. S., Portland, Me. 

(N) Honey and Almond Cream. (A good glycerin 
and soap preparation, containing borax and al- 
cohol; amounts of honey and almond are neg- 
ligible in the finished product. Could not he 
found by the chemist though certified to be 
added in small amounts. Considered mis- 
hranded for this reason.) 

Hubert, Professor, Toledo, Ohio. 

(D) Hubert's Malvina. {One of the dangerous 
freckle creams, contains ammoniated mercury 
{a poisonous salt), mineral oil and fat; is of- 
fered for saltrheum, ring worm, etc., as well as 
for freckles and falling hair.) 

Imperatrix Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Imperatrix Skin-Cream. {Perfumed lanolin {fat 
from sheep's wool) especially absorbent. 
Claims as to efficiency for beautifying the skin, 
treatment for pimples, black heads, etc., mildly 
objectionable.) 

Johnson, B. J., Soap Company, Milwaukee, Wis. 

(D) Palmolive Cream. {Petrolatum, wax, saponi- 



18^ 1001 TESTS 



fidble fat, horic acid and perfume. Most ex- 
treme claims are made as to its nutritious prop- 
erties, '^an actual body food acting like magic, 
healing in a night.'' Name also misleading as 
it contains little if any palm and olive oils. The 
claims, however, are impossible regardless of its 
composition,) 

Keeler, Charles C, Atlantic City, N. J. 

(D) Superior Cold Cream. {A petrolatum, wax, and 
saponifiable fat product, perfumed with rose 
geranium. The claims that it is *^The cream 
that is different,'' ''is superior to all others for 
massage purposes," ''feeds the tissues and pre- 
vents wrinJcles," "is the only thorough cleanser 
on the market," are not warranted in any par- 
ticular.) 

Lyon Manufacturing Company, Brooklyn, N. T. 

(D) Hagan's Magnolia Balm. {A glycerin, zinc oxide 
and water lotion. Claims to be a "secret aid 
to beauty, restore the bloom of youth to faded 
cheeks, resist the ravages of time, eradicate 
freckles, eruptions, etc."; could do none of 
these things, obviously. 

Marietta Stanley Company, Grand Rapids, Mich. 

(N) *'Sempre Giovine'' (Always Young). (A solid 
cake made of a mixture of palm and other oils 
for massage purposes. Formerly very ex- 
travagant claims were made for this product, 



TOILET ARTICLES 183 



which have been notably moderated. The name 
itself is somewhat objectionable, as no massage 
medium is a ^^ fountain of eternal youth/') 

Plexo Preparations Inc., New Tork and Paris. 

-k Plexo Cleansing Cream. (Unsaponifiable oil with 
wax, perfumed. General claims only mildly ex- 
aggerated.) 
(N) Plexo Greaseless Cream. {Stearic acid, soap, 
glycerin, borax, and perfume, not entirely 
greaseless, therefore not a ^'perfect vanishing 
cream.*' Could not give * ^healthy, natural 
color and glow,'' as claimed.) 

Pompeian Manufacturing Company, 28 Prospect Street, 
Cleveland, Ohio. 

* Massage Cream. {Moist casein with benzaldehyde, 

benzoic acid, and a harmless pink dye. Mod- 
erate claims made based chiefly on the value of 
the message. A stiff greaseless product.) 
Pond's Extract Company, Clinton, Conn. 

* Vanishing Cream. {A typical well compounded, 

glycerin and soap preparation, perfumed.) 
Pray, Dr. J. Parker, 12 E. 23rd street, New York, N. Y, 
(D) Van-Ola. {Zinc oxide, mineral oil, wax, fatty 
oil. Claims to be the ^^ Finest compound 
known," to ''cure pimples/' etc.; composition 
does not warrant claims.) 

* Dr. Pray's Gloria-Lily Lotion. {A preparation 

of glycerin, boric acid, Irish moss and aromatic 



184 1001 TESTS 



halsam. Slightly extravagant claims as to cur- 
ing sunburn, rough dry skin, etc.) 
Pura Manufacturing Company, Lancaster, Pa. 

(D) Almond Dulce Hymettus Honey Cream. {Free 
fat and stearic acid, held as an emulsion with 
soap, water and probably gum; borax and in- 
vert sugar present, perfumed with benzalde- 
hyde and other oils. Nothing in composition to 
warrant the claim that it is a very quick and 
efficient remedy for burns, scalds and skin 
eruptions. Its antiseptic action is slight and 
honey and almond present in very small 
amounts if at all.) 

Rose Petal Wrinkle Cream Company, Ridgefield Park, 
N.J. 
(D) Rose Petal Wrinkle Cream. {Two ounces of a 
soft grease perfumed with rose geranium and 
sold for one dollar. Would have no special 
value in '^preventing wrinkles,' ' or in '^ keep- 
ing the complexion fresh and youthful as com- 
pared with any cold cream.'') 

Royal Manufacturing Company, Toledo, Ohio. 

(D) Rex Wrinkle Pencil. {Consists of petrolatum, 
wax and saponifiable fat like lard or stearin. 
No special efficacy for '^ sallow complexion," 
''large pores," etc.) 

Simon, J., Faubourg St. Martin, 59, Paris. 

i< Creme Simon. {Zinc oxide, glycerin, and per- 



TOILET ARTICLES 185 

fume. Mildly objectionable claims, such as 
^^ unrivaled for care of skin/' etc.) 
Stillman*s Freckle Cream Co., Aurora, Ills. 

(D) Stillman's Freckle Cream. {Another of the ob- 
jectionable freckle creams containing ammoni- 
at ed mercury.) 

To-Kalon Manufacturing Company, Inc., New York, 
London and Paris. 
(D) Creme Tokalon. {This cream consists of water, 
glycerin, boric acid and considerable free fatty 
acids, probably a mixture of stearic and pal- 
mitic with a little gummy substance, possibly 
Irish moss. No soap is present and no oils or 
fats. A good glycerin preparation tvith im- 
possible claims, such as '^ Possesses astonishing 
properties for quickly restoring the appearance 
of youth," ^^ Meets all the requirements of both 
health and beauty, '^ ''After one application 
over night will produce most astonishing re- 
sults," etc.) 



HAIR TONICS, SHAMPOOS, ETC. 

Few hair tonics are injurious, but fewer still can 
fulfill the claims that are made for them. A hair 
tonic is usually an alcoholic solution of some of the 
bodies (such as resorcin, cantharides, and pilo- 
carpin), believed to have some stimulative effect 
on the scalp. They owe their efficiency in no small 
degree to the massage with which they are applied. 
In hair health, as in body health, the treatment 
must be fitted to the conditions and therein lies the 
weakness of all such generalized treatments. The 
health of the hair depends to a great extent "upon 
the health of the body, nervous condition, circula- 
tion of the blood, etc., and where this is the case, 
obviously external treatment is only palliative. It 
cannot cure. One person's hair may be too dry 
and another too oily. Is it common sense to apply 
the same treatment to both? In one case a little 
carbolated vaseline massaged into the scalp might 
be of more benefit than a drying alcoholic tonic. 
The stimulative principles, when they are expen- 
sive, are usually present in very small amounts. 
We are not going into the hair tonic business, but 
suggest the following formula put up with water 

186 



TOILET ARTICLES 187 

instead of alcohol, as one having general stimula- 
tive principles: Pilocarpin nitrate, 1 gram; re- 
sorcin, 25 grams ; water, 500 grams. 

As for the various shampoo powders which de- 
pend npon washing soda and borax to dry out the 
hair and give the fluffy effect promised, they must 
certainly be injurious if their use is long contin- 
ued. They are expensive and the claims made 
for them are not true. Nearly all of the tonics 
claiming to ** restore the color of the hair" with- 
out dyeing it depend upon the interaction of lead 
acetate and sulphur to brown the hair. Lead 
acetate is a poisonous salt and while the actual 
injury done will vary with the individual suscep- 
tibility, the extent to which the tonic is used, etc., 
it cannot be considered a legitimate ingredient of 
a product to be rubbed into the scalp. 

Black hair dyes frequently contain nitrate of 
silver, which while less poisonous than lead, is still 
dangerous when used by the inexperienced. Seri- 
ous consequences frequently follow the constant 
use of such products, the damage varying with the 
individual susceptibility. No hair dyes can be 
recommended. As one eminent dermatologist has 
said, * ' The only sensible thing to do with gray hair 
is to admire it." Dyeing is unesthetic, as well as 
unhygienic. The hair soon becomes dead and 



188 1001 TESTS 



dingy in color and repeated applications of the dye 
must be made, so that the results are undesirable 
from the standpoint of beauty, as well as from 
that of cleanliness and health. 

TESTED HAIR TONICS, SHAMPOOS, ETC.* 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Alexander and Mendes, New York, N. Y. 

* Brilliantine (Carnation). {Merely an unsaponi- 

fiable oil, perfumed with cloves. Harmless hut 
no lasting efficacy.) 
American Druggists Syndicate, Long Island City, N. Y. 

* A. D. S. Liquid Shampoo. (A liquid soap contain- 

ing about 60 per cent, of water.) 

Empress Manufacturing Company, New York City. 
(D) Empress Improved Instantaneous Hair Color 
Restorer. {A solution of paratoluylene diamine 
with sodium sulphite and sodium hydroxide. 
Ammonium persidphate is also present. One 
of the least objectionable anilin dyes but could 
not be guaranteed to be noninjurious in all 
cases. Statement that it is ^^ absolutely harm- 
less" and ^'perfectly hygienic'* could not be 
guaranteed for this or any other hair dye. Is 
not a ^^ color restorer'* but a dye.) 

* These are in no sense complete statements of analyses ; only 
the most essential and characteristic ingredients are mentioned. 



TOILET ARTICLES 189 

Gille, E., 1 Hamilton Grange, New York, N. Y. 

(N) Dandruff Salve. {Fat perfumed with oil of 
cloves. No special claims made; of no more 
value than any good vaseline.) 

(D) Shampoo (Spun Gold). 

(D) Tonic (Spun Gold). 

{A deliberate deception, as the shampoo is es- 
pecially stated to he not a hleach, which is 
true, hut the accompanying ^Honic'^ is nothing 
more nor less than the regular hleach, peroxide, 
containing acetanilid.) 

Giroux Manufacturing Company, Buffalo, N. Y. 

* Parisian Sage Hair Tonic. {No harmful ingre- 
dients present. Contains glycerin, capsicum 
and very little sage, name hardly justified. 
Small amounts of resorcin and cantharides in- 
dicated. The claims made in the advertising 
material are moderate, as they should he.) 

Hall, R. P., and Company, Nashua, N. H. 

(N) Hall's Hair Renewer. {No lead and true to 
lahel. Moderate claims made, ^^For the treat- 
ment of falling hair," etc., hut ^'Restores hair 
in the majority of cases," too strong for any 
hair tonic.) 

Hiscox Chemical Works, Patchogue, N. Y. 

(D) Parker's Hair Balsam. {A solution of lead 
acetate ivith suspended sulphur. The lead salt 
is poisonous.) 



190 1001 TESTS 



Johnson, B. J., Soap Company, Milwaukee, Wis. 

(N) Palm-Olive Shampoo. (No constituent found 
which justified the name. Soap and glycerin 
present with alcohol as declared.) 

Lavox Company, The, Chicago, 111. 

(D) Lavox Shampoo powder. (Soap and tor ax. 
Claims that it does not make the hair dry and 
brittle and should he used once a week and 
does not destroy the oil of the scalp, obviously 
misleading.) 

Peterson, H. S., and Company, Chicago, 111. 

(D) Canthxox. (Borax, soap and baking soda. A 
mixture that would dry out the natural oils and 
probably be injurious if continually used. 
Price out of all proportion to cost. Composi- 
tion seems to vary from time to time.) 

Philo Hay Specialties Company, Newark, N. J. 

(D) Hay's Hair Health. (Another solution of sul- 
phur and lead acetate, the latter deemed dan- 
gerous.) 

Pinaud, Ed., 18 Place Vendome, Paris. 

* Eau de Quinine. (An alcoholic extract of qui- 
nine, delicately perfumed. Amount of quinine 
present is very small and its tonic properties 
are problematic. Claims, however, are mod- 
erate, as they should be.) 

Seele-Thompson Company, New York. 

(D) Mme. Seele's French Hair Bluing. (Harmless, 



TOILET ARTICLES 191 

hut claims io he not a dye or stain while it is 
in reality methyl violet, a coal tar dye.) 

Tokalon, Inc., New York. 

(D) Lavona (de Composee). {A liquid in a three 
ounce hottle, consisting essentially of alcohol 
25 per cent., salicylic acid, glycerin, some 
saponin-like suhstance {prohahly present as 
quillaja — soap hark tree — extract), a suggestion 
of oil of hay, and water. No alkaloids, caf- 
fein nor tannin present. Claims that it is ^'an 
unrivaled hair tonic'' and ^^ contains the most 
efficacious drug known for stimulating the ac- 
tivity of the hair growing follicles as well as the 
pigment-forming cells,*' unwarranted.) 

Vibert, F., Lyons, France. 

(D) Petrole Hahn for the Hair. {About M.2 of the 
volume of the liquid is mineral oil, mostly 
kerosene; contains no metals nor resorcin; essen- 
tially alcohol, water, mineral oil, with per- 
fuming and pungent oils and some resinous 
drug. The alcohol is antiseptic and the min- 
eral oil has some value, hut the claims that 
'^without any exaggeration the action of Petrole 
Hahn may he described as marvelous," *^It is 
indispensable to all who value and wish to retain 
abundant hair," ^^to retain its natural color, 
etc.," are untenable.) 



192 1001 TESTS 



Warden Company, Chicago, 111. 

(D) Ward's Dandru-Cide Shampoo. {Ten cents' 
worth of crystallized washing soda sold for one 
dollar. Altogether too harsh and drying an 
alkali for use as a shampoo and the price is 
exorbitant. Claims to he ^^a magical prepara- 
tion/' '^ unsurpassed for treatment of an itch- 
ing scalp/' *'The world famous dandruff de- 
stroyer/' etc.) 

Waldeyer and Betts, 170 Fifth Avenue, New York, 
N. Y. 
(N) Swedish Hair Powder. {Merely talc, starch, and 
powdered orris, used to remove the oil of the 
hair by brushing. Harmless but hardly ^^A 
shampoo substitute.") 

Wildroot Chemical Company, Buffalo, N. Y. 

(D) Dandruff Remedy, Wildroot. {Contains arsenic, 
and some phenolic body, probably resorcin; per- 
fumed and colored. The trace of alkaloidal 
material present was too small for identifica- 
tion. Contains 40 per cent, of alcohol, as de- 
clared, and less than % of one per cent, of non- 
volatile matter. Claims that it is an herb com^ 
pound and a positive remedy for eczema and 
dandruff obviously untenable.) 



MISCELLANEOUS PREPARATIONS 

These miscellaneous toilet preparations present 
but little opportunity for comment, except that the 
depilatories and perspiration preventatives are of 
dubious efficacy, and of very doubtful healthful- 
ness. Perspiration should not be checked and the 
products used to bring this about are usually irri- 
tating and contract the pores so that a double harm 
may be done. 

Many inquiries are received in regard to the 
depilatories. They nearly all depend upon sodium 
or barium sulphide, which removes the hair super- 
ficially, with more or less danger, varying with the 
frequency of its use, the amount applied, and the 
sensitiveness of the individual skin. As long as 
the root of the hair is not destroyed, the hair will 
return and the claims made for these products are 
out of all proportion to their efficiency. Nearly 
always fancifully named toilet preparations con- 
tain simple, well known ingredients for which ex- 
travagant claims are made and an exorbitant 
price is charged. They are usually harmless, ex- 
cept in so far as one 's time and money are wasted 
and only disappointment ensues. 

193 



194 1001 TESTS 



TESTED MISCELLANEOUS PREPARATIONS * 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
{D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Armour and Company, Chicago, lU. 

(N) Luxor Bath Powder. {Fifty cents is an exorhi- 
tant price for a package of crystallized, per- 
fumed, washing soda. Is not ^^exhilarating and 
invigorating/' as formerly claimed.) 

B. H. Company, Boston, Mass. 

(D) Priscilla Parsons Perspiration Preventative. (A 
water solution of zinc chloride. Might he irri- 
tating, which fact is virtually admitted on the 
lahel. The artificial checking of perspiration 
by possibly irritating substances cannot be con- 
sidered hygienic.) 

B. and P. Company, Cleveland, Ohio. 

(N) Wrinkle Eradicator. (Merely sheets of perfor- 
ated court plaster; mechanically may have some 
value in stretching the skin, but the claim^s as 
to medication are not substantiated.) 

De Miracle Chemical Co., New York City. 

(D) De Miracle Depilatory. {An aqueous solution 

* These are in no sense complete statements of analyses ; onlj 
the most essential and characteristic ingredients are mentioned. 



TOILET ARTICLES 195 

of sodium sulphide, containing dissolved sul- 
phur with a trace of sodium sulphite and per- 
fumed with bay rum. Very extravagant claims 
are made for this simple preparation, which 
merely removes the hair superficially.) 

Dry Pits Lotion Company, St. Louis, Mo. 

(D) Dry Pits Lotion. {Two and one-half ounces of 
aluminum chloride in water. Price on label 
$1. An extravagant preparation of doubtful 
efficacy and healthfulness. Checking of per- 
spiration by these astringents cannot be con- 
sidered harmless.) 

Floridine Manufacturing Company, 42 Franklin Street, 
New York. 

(N) Lustr-ite Nail Enamel. {A harmless infusorial 
earth for polishing the finger nails; exaggerated 
claims.) 
Forquignon Manufacturing Company, New York, 
N. Y. 

(N) F. B. Foronga Nail Bleach. {Tartaric acid and 
boric acid, colored with a green coal tar dye. 
Therefore the claim ^^purely vegetable^' is not 
warranted. Is slightly antiseptic and non- 
injurious. 

(N) F. B. Polpasta Nail Enamel. {Petrolatum with 
pumice stone, boric acid and soluble dye. Anti- 
septic and preservative virtues claimed are very 
slight.) 



196 1001 TESTS 



Miihlens and Kropff, New York, N. Y. 
* Eau de Cologne Sea Salt. 



Mum Manufacturing' Company, 1106 Chestnut street, i 
Philadelphia, Pa. j 

(N) Mum (Deodorant). (A harmless deodorant con- 
sisting of fat with benzoic acid and zinc oxide, j 
No special claims made. Efficacious in some \ 
cases.) 

Murray, Joseph T., Rochester, N. Y. j 

(D) Beaux Yeux. {A glycerol of pepsin, colored j 
with cochineal and flavored with oil of rose. 
The pepsin present is in an active state and 
was found to digest egg albumen. Would 
brighten the eyes only when natural pepsin was 
lacking, and dull eyes were due to indigestion! 
A most overrated product as it could not "in- 
tensify the natural color of the eyes and make 
them very brilliant.'^) 

Odorono Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

(N) Odor-0-No. (Essentially an aluminum product, 
with a little free hydrochloric acid, artificially 
colored; 1% fluid ounces sold for fifty cents. 
The formula has been changed from time to 
time. While not actively dangerous, individual 
toleration varies widely in such cases and con- 
tinued use of such a preparation may clog the 
pores and irritate the skin.) 



TOILET ARTICLES 197 

Pray, Dr. J. Parker, 12 E. 23rd street, New York, N. Y. 

* Diamond Nail Enamel. {Infusorial earth, eosin 
(coloring). Claim *^a hrUliancy equal to dia- 
monds/' is obviously a flight of fancy.) 

(D) Ongoline. (Tartaric acid and orange flower 
water; claims to he a new compound having 
special efficacy and warns against oxalic acid, 
which is more efficacious and while poisonous is 
not injurious for external use.) 

(D) Rosaline. (Essentially fat, wax and eosin (col- 
oring). The claims that it is *^A skin heauti- 
fier, containing high medicinal virtues,'^ that 
it ^'preserves the skin,'* and is *' superior to 
any rouge," are entirely unwarranted.) 

Stenzie Manufacturing Company, San Francisco, Cal. 
(D) Stenzie. (A plastic mixture of colophony, with 
some balsam and a small quantity of pink dye. 
The price $1.50 is exorbitant. The hair is re- 
moved superficially, merely by applying the 
preparation in a plastic condition and stripping 
it off after it has hardened, which woidd ap- 
pear to be a rather crude and painful process 
of removing hair,) 



PERFUMES 

Chemical analysis gives but little information 
concerning perfumes. Only an expert can satis- 
factorily differentiate between these as to quality. 
The tests made were merely to determine in a gen- 
eral way the delicacy of the perfume. Some syn- 
thetic blends are so carefully made that only a 
well trained olfactory nerve could distinguish 
them from the true flower essence. In other cases, 
as with the violet, for example, the true perfume 
and the artificial ionone used to simulate it, are 
quite easily distinguished. Veiy occasionally the 
point is raised that refined methyl or wood alcohol, 
known as Columbian spirits, is used in perfumes 
instead of ethyl alcohol. While the refined spirits 
are not so objectionable as the crude wood alcohol, 
which could hardly be used because of its odor, still 
the action of even the refined product on the optic 
nerve is such as to render its use in perfumes inad- 
missible, as they might be employed for bathing 
the head and eyes, and would be objectionable if 
not dangerous. Sometimes a point on excessive 
price, in comparison with quality could be checked, 
but for the most part the selection of a perfume is 

198 



TOILET ARTICLES 199 

merely a matter of personal preference and rela- 
tive expensiveness, and no special protection can 
be afforded the consumer by an examination. 

TESTED PERFUMES 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

American Druggists' Syndicate, New York, N. Y. 
(N) Violet Toilet Water. {Colored green. Appar- 
ently ariificial odor not especially delicate.) 

Bourjoias, A., and Company, Paris. 

(N) Bouquet Manon Lescaut. {Only a strong cologne, 
for which a high price ($1.60) is asked.) 

Colgate and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Eclat (Perfume). 

* Imperial Lilac. {A good toilet water,) 
Crown Perfumery Company, London. 

(N) Crown Lavender Salts. {Objection to the claim 
that these salts ^* purify the air in sick rooms, ^ 
etc. They do not purify the air at all, hut 
merely mask unpleasant odors hy an agreeable 
one, quality good.) 

Dralle, Hamburg. 

'k Illusion Violette, Violet, Veilchen. 

Gelle Freres, Paris. 

* Seduction. 



ftOO 1001 TESTS 



Hanson and Jenks Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Sweet Peas (perfumery). 

* Violet Toilet Water—Brut. 

* Wood Violet Toilet Water. 
Hudnut, Richard, New York, N. Y. 

i^ Violet Sec Toilet Water. (Appears to he artificial 
violet.) 
Jennings Company, Grand Rapids, Mich. 

* Dorothy Vernon Perfume. 
Lanman and Kemp, New York. 

* Florida Water. 
Lazell, New York. 

* Lazeirs Field Violets. 

-k Lazell 's Japanese Honeysuckle Perfume. {Syn- 
thetic perfume.) 

Pinaud, Ed., Paris. 

* Lilas de France — Extrait Vegetal. 

Rieger, The California Perfumer, San Francisco. 

* Flower Drops — Violet. (An expensive product 

$1.50, hut having the perfume of natural vio- 
lets. Claims somewhat excessive. ^'The most 
exquisite odor in the world, one drop diffuses 
the odor of thousands of blossoms.' ') 

Roger and Gallet, Paris. 

* Eau de Toilette — Pois de Senteur. (Sweet Pea.) 

* Extrait de Violette de France. 

(Vantine, A. A., and Company, New York, N. Y. 
it O Lotus San (Perfume.) 



TOILET ARTICLES 201 

"A" East India Sandal Wood Sachet. 

* Sandalwood (Perfume.) 

:Ar Wisteria Blossom Perfume. 

* Wisteria Blossom Sachet. 

* Wisteria Blossom Toilet Water. 

Vogue Perfumery Company, 234 5th Avenue, New York. 

* Vogue Extrait Vegetal Lilasette Fleur. (A glyc- 

erin alcoholic solution, perfumed with lilac. 
Mildly extravagant claims as to quality.) 

Wrisley, Allen B., Company, Chicago, 111. 

* San Toy (Perfume.) (Another case of somewhat 

exaggerated claims as to quality as: ^'Unri- 
valed by imported per fumes J ^) 



POWDERS 

None of the powders are specifically injurious 
except in so far as their continuous use without 
proper massaging and cleansing fills the pores of 
the sMn, and so is undesirable. They consist in 
most cases of talc, with sometimes a little starch, 
calcium carbonate, or zinc oxide ; boric acid is fre- 
quently added as an antiseptic and should be in- 
cluded in the name of the product if present. The 
zinc oxide is used largely for mechanical reasons 
and is usually imobjectionable. A mixed powder 
should be called a toilet or face powder, not a 
straight talcum. The buyer has a right to know 
what he is getting. The rice powders usually con- 
tain very large amounts of talc, chalk, starch, eto. 
These materials though harmless are mostly 
cheaper than the rice powder and such mixtures 
are misbranded and must be considered fraud- 
ulent if the materials other than rice powder are 
not plainly declared on the label. 

Apart from these considerations, the main crit- 
icism of the toilet powders, is the extravagant 
claims made for them. They cannot be considered 
*' complexion beautifiers" nor to have any real 
value as ** healing agents." For one well-known 
talcum powder, it was formerly claimed that it 



TOILET ARTICLES 203 

gave immediate relief for chickenpox, measles and 
scarlatina, and prevented decay of the teeth. 
Such extravagant claims for the temporary sooth- 
ing, cooling effect, that dusting the skin with any 
borated powder might produce, are obviously 
unwarranted. Some are finer in texture, more 
carefully purified, and more delicately perfumed 
than others, but most of them may be safely used 
in moderation, and the choice is largely a matter 
of individual taste. About 5 per cent, of boric 
acid is necessary to produce any real antiseptic 
effect. 

TESTED TOILET POWDERS 

(Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
{D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Allen Pharmacal Company, New York, N. Y. 

^ Royal Violet Borated Talcum Powder. 
American Druggists* Syndicate, Long Island City, N. Y. 

* A. D. S. Majestic Lilac Talc. 
Armour and Company, Chicago, 111. 

* Extra Fine Complexion Powder. {A good zinc 

oxide, calcium carbonate, and talc powder, per- 
fumed and tinted pink. Hardly ^^ extra fine'' 
especially for the price (50 cents). 

B. H. Company, The, Boston, Mass. 

* Priscilla Parsons Face Powder. (Contains talc, 

zinc oxide, pink dye and very strong musk odor.) 



g04 1001 TESTS 



Caswell, Massey Company, Ltd., New York, N. Y. 
(N) Casma Talcum. {Extravagantly praised as a 
'^perfect, magnificent article/* The usual hor- 
ated talcum powder, borax not declared.) 
Colgate and Company, New York, N. Y. 

ic Violet Talc Powder. (A good perfumed powder 
about 78 per cent, talc strongly borated (12 per 
cent). Though decidedly antiseptic the claims 
made are slightly extreme.) 

Crane, James C, 108 Fulton Street, N. Y. 

* Elcaya Rice Powder, Avec Talc de Venise Purif e. 

{About one-third talc which however costs as 
miwh as the rice powder. Also has the merit of 
declaring the talc though the statement should 
he in English and in larger type.) 

Freeman Perfume Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

(N) Freeman's Medicated Face Powder. {Talc and 
zinc oxide, good quality, hut claims as to medi- 
cation and effects as a complexion heautifier un- 
warranted.) 

Gille E., 1 Hamilton Grange, New York, N. Y. 

* Cream "White Face Powder. 

* Flesh Face Powder. 

* White Face Powder. 

{Usutal zinc oxide, talc and calcium carbonate 
combination, tinted; no special claims made.) 



TOILET ARTICLES 205 

Gomi, T. D., Geisha Importing Company, 3 East 17th 
St., New York City. 
(N) Oriental Wistaria Talcum Powder. {Should he 
labeled ^'horated/' a good powder.) 

Heyer, George W., Houston, Texas. 

* Heyer 's Prickly Heat Powder. {Consists largely 

of zinc oxide with starch and small quantities 
of camphor and phenol. Claims moderate. 
'^For heat and itching of skin.'') 

Hudnut, Richard, New York, N. Y. 

(N) Violet Sec Talcum. {Should he labeled ''bo- 
rated," a good powder.) 

Kirk, James S., Co., Chicago, 111. 

(N) Jap-Rose Toilet Talcum Powder. {Composed of 
talc and zinc oxide; a horated toilet or com- 
plexion powder. Is not a straight talcum, 
strictly speaking, when so compounded.) 

Lehn and Fink, New York, N. Y. 

* Riveris Talcum Powder. {Talcum; excellent qual- 

ity with fine perfume. Not ''a necessity for 
hahy's health" as claimed.) 



Levy, Ben., Company, Boston, 

(N) LaBlache Face Powder. {A fine powder, {talc 



206 1001 TESTS 



and zinc oxide) which claims to produce '^a 
clear, healihy complexion »'' This is obviously 
impossible. It merely conceals blemishes, the 
same as any other powder.) 
Marinello Company, Chicago, 111. 

* Marinello Powder. (A slight trace of heavy metal, 

tin or antimony, probably present as an im- 
purity in the zinc oxide.) 
Mennen, Gerhard, Chemical Company, Newark, N. J. 
ir Borated Talcum Toilet Powder. 

* Violet Talcum Toilet Powder Borated. 

{Good powders containing over 90 per tent, of 
talc hut less than 2 per cent, of boric acid 
^'Borated properties'' are therefore practically 
negligible and the claims though they have been 
moderated are still rather too strong.) 
Napoleon Pharmacal Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Napoleon Lilac Aseptic Toilet Powder — Borated. 
Plexo Preparations, Inc., New York and Paris. 

(D) Plexo Evening White. {A semi-liquid mixture of 
zinc oxide, calcium carbonate and alcohol. Has 
artificial violet perfume. Claims to conceal all 
imperfections and still to be invisible, ''WUl 
not rub off''; claims not tolerable.) 
Pozzoni, J. A., Pharmacal Company, Chicago, Illinois. 

(N) Pozzoni 's Gold Puff Box. {Extravagant claims 
for a complexion powder and rouge, both con- 
taining a pink dye and the powder carrying bis- 
muth subcarbonate and zinc oxide. Not in- 
jurious but over praised.) 



TOILET ARTICLES ^07 

Pray, Dr. J. Parker, New York, N. Y. 

(D) Dr. Pray's Hy-Gen-ia Face Powder. (Talc, zinc 

oxide and starch with some magnesium carbon- 
ate. Claims that it is healing, does not clog 
glands or pores of the skin, a preservative and 
medicinal powder, are deemed unwarranted.) 
Pura Manufacturing Company, Lancaster, Pa. 

(D) Hymettus Rose-Violet Talcum Powder. (Con- 
tains zinc oxide, boric acid and talc, with a deli- 
cate perfume. Many talcum pounders are bo- 
rated and the claims that it is *' softer, finer and 
more refreshing than other talcum prepara- 
tion^,'^ and that it '^heaW are Twt warranted. 
Is not a straight talcum; should be labeled ^^a 
borated toilet or complexion powder.' ') 

Stafford-Miller Company, St. Louis, Mo. 

(D) Carmen Complexion Powder. {Usual combina- 
tion of talc, zinc oxide and starch, perfumed 
and colored. Claims that it is the "hest for 
the skin,'' *' never dusts off," ** never shows pow- 
der," ^^ superior to other complexion powders," 
etc., are unwarranted.) 

Tetlow, Henry, Philadelphia, Pa. 

(D) Tetlow 's Superb Gossamer, Harmless for the Com- 
plexion. (Another combination of talc, zinc ox- 
ide, starch and perfume. Good in itself, but 
claims that it '^really nourishes, benefits and 
softens the shin," does not obstruct the pores, and 
is superior to all others, absurdly overdrawn.) 



208 1001 TESTS 



Vantine, A. A., and Co., New York, N. Y. 

^ Geisha Face Powder. (Talc, zinc oxide and starch, 
perfumed and colored.) 

* Kutch Sandalwood Talcum Powder. {Talc, pow- 

dered orris, and sandalwood oil.) 

* Wistaria Blossom Talc. (Perfumed talcum pow- 

der with a little starchy material.) 

Vogue Perfumery Company, New York, N. Y. 

,(D) Vogue Poudre de Riz. (Claimed to he a rice pow- 
der hut is 84 per cent. talc. Is, therefore, 
plainly mishranded. No ohjection to adding 
some talc, for nnechanical reasons, if declared.) 

* Yogue Liquid Complexion Powder. (Merely zinc 

oxide and a little calcium carhonate suspended 
in perfumed water.) 

Williams, J. B., Company, Glastonbury, Conn. 

* Carnation Talcum Powder. 

* Violet Talcum Powder. 

(Good powders containing ahout 90 per cent, 
of talc hut only 4: per cent, of horic acid. Claims 
only to he ^^ gently antiseptic' ' Other claims 
mildly extravagant. Not the '^choicest talc'' 
though good. ^'Relieves sunhurn," etc., only 
in a temporary and palliative way.) 

Wrisley, Allen B., Company, Chicago, 111. 

(D) San Toy Talcum. (The usual comhination of 
talc, starch, calcium carhonate, and perfume; no 
horic acid nor zinc oxide found and still it is 
claimed that the powder is *' highly antiseptic 
and healing"; ''ahsolutely perfect.") 



SOAPS 

The main points in regard to the soaps are to be 
sure that there is no free alkali or only a trace, and 
not too much water, that is, that you are getting a 
fair amount of soap for your money, and not pay- 
ing for water. The high priced soaps contain no 
more soap, are no more cleansing and are no purer 
than many of the five cent products ; in fact, some- 
times the contrary is the case. If a woman wishes 
to pay 25 cents to one dollar for a perfumed, 
colored cake of soap, daintily wrapped, for the 
pleasure of using it, well and good, but she should 
know that she is not getting '*a bargain. '^ 
Glycerin soaps, for example, while of good quality 
and useful for some skins, are not economical, as 
they '* waste" more quickly than other types. 

The medicated soaps with almost no exceptions 
must be criticised on account of their extravagant 
claims. Any soap has some little antiseptic prop- 
erties, but the amount of antiseptics added to 
soaps and the conditions under which they are 
used make it impossible that they should ful- 
fill any extravagant claims as to healing skin 
diseases or producing anything approaching 

209 



210 1001 TESTS 



complete antisepsis. They present another ex- 
ample of permissihle products over-burdened 
with impossible claims. Other soaps we are 
obliged to criticize on the ground of misbrand- 
ing, since their composition does not warrant 
the name given them, which would imply the 
presence of certain ingredients or oils not found in 
any material quantities. None of the soaps are 
really harmful except in so far as the extravagant 
claims made for them might be misleading and 
cause one to neglect more important precautions 
and depend upon them for services they could not 
perform. 

TESTED SOAPS 

{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxriii for 
details as to method of rating.) 

American Druggists' Syndicate, Long Island City, N. Y. 

(D) A. D. S. Kurakutic Soap. (Misleading name in 
apparent imitation of ^'cuticura.'^ No phenols 
or other antiseptics detected. Claim ^^invatw- 
able for skin purification/' misleading.) 

(D) A. D. S. Improved Foot Soap. (Contains bran, 
horax, eucalyptus, hut no free iodine, nor free 
olive oil, nor comhined iodide in any form, (as 
claimed) could he detected. Fairly good com- 
position, hut claims that it would gradually re- 
move corns, hunions and callouses unwarra/nted.) 



TOILET ARTICLES 211 

Armour and Company, Chicago, 111. 

(N) Savon de Toilette Luxor. (A good grade t>f soap 
delicately perfumed. Wrapped in silk and sold 
for one dollar, A good soap over-priced and 
over -praised.) 

Cereal Soap Company, 8 Beach Street, New York. 
(D) Zap. {Soap, sodium carbonate, cornmeal and 
oatmeal found. Statement that ^^no soap or 
soda is required'^ is misleading when both are 
present. Claim that it is *^made from pure 
vegetable cereals'* is not warranted since other 
substances are found. Unjustifiable criticism of 
other soaps and claims that it is 'Uhe greatest 
skin soap in the world/' and is '* absolutely 
pure'' deemed unwarranted by its composition, 
either as determined or claimed,) 

Colgate and Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Cashmere Bouquet Toilet Soap. 

* Heliotrope (Soap.) 

Crittenton, Charles N., Company, New York, N. Y. 

* Glenn's Sulphur Soap. 

Fairbank, N. K., Company, Chicago, and New York. 
"lAr Fairy Soap. {A good floating soap containing 
a very moderate amount of moisture for this 
type. No caustic alkali found but a little more 
carbonated alkali than the Government specifi- 
cations permit. A good soap extravagantly 



21^ 1001 TESTS 



praised. ^^Unquestionably the purest, best and 
most satisfactory soap on the market," *^the 
cleanest of all soaps for household use,'' unwar- 
ranted; others just as good.) 

Hinds, A. S., Portland, Maine. 

(D) Hind's Honey and Almond Cream Soap. (Name 
not warranted by composition; no honey or al- 
mond detected. Statement that it *^ improves 
the complexion" cannot be guaranteed.) 

Hudnut, Richard, New York, N. Y. 

* Violet Sec. (Soap.) 

Jergens, Andrew, Company, Cincinnati and New York. 

* Jergen's Violet Glycerine Soap. {Claims *'We 

have caught the real fragrance of the violets"; 
perfume appears to be largely artificial.) 

(N) "Woodbury's Facial Soap. (A good grade of 
soap with a greater antiseptic value than ordi- 
nary soaps. The claims that it is recommended 
*'for eczema and acne," and has * ^ stimulating 
tonic properties" are not warranted, by compo- 
sition as far as can be determined.) 

Johnson, B. J., Soap Company, Milwaukee, Wis. 

(N) Palm Olive Soap. {Impossible to determine the 
exact nature of oils and fats used but palm and 
olive were not present in sufficient amounts to 
warrant the name. No criticism of soap itself.) 



TOILET ARTICLES 213 

Johnson and Johnson, New Brunswick, N. J. 

"^ Synol Soap. {A liquid soap containing phenol and 
glycerin. No free alkali; 51 per cent, of mois- 
ture. Really a strong solution of carbolic; the 
surgical claims for antisepsis and germ destroy- 
ing powers are slightly extravagant. ) 

Kirk, James S., and Company, Chicago, 111. 

ir Jap Rose Soap. (Statement that you '^use only 
half as much as you would of any other soap*' 
unwarranted. Contained 12 per cent water. ) 

Klein's, Budapest, Hungary. 

* Glycerin Soap. 

Lever Brothers Company, Boston, Mass. 

(D) Lifebuoy Health Soap. (18 per cent, of water, 
no free alkali and a slight trace of sodium car- 
bonate; contains cresols or similar coal tar prod- 
ucts. A good soap hut claims *^ brings beauty 
to the skin/* '' prevents infection," ^'for saving 
life and preserving health** not warranted.) 

Lilly, Eli, and Company, Indianapolis, Ind. 

* Lilly 's Liquid Soap — unscented. 

Morgan's, Enoch, Sons Co., New York, N. Y. 

(N) Hand Sapolio. (71 per cent, sand and little ex- 
cess alkalinity. Claims to equal a mild turkish 
bath; not of '^perfect purity.'* Has a place for 
removing stains, etc., but some claims excessive.) 



214 1001 TESTS 



Miilhens and Kropff, 298 Broadway, New York Gity. 
^ White Rose Glycerin Soap. 

Packer Manufacturing Company, New York. 

* Packer's Tar Soap. 

Pears, A. F., Ltd., 71-75 New Oxford Street, London, 
W. C. 

* Pears' Soap. 

Potter Drug and Chemical Company, Boston, Mass. 
(D) Cuticura Soap. {A good grade of soap contain- 
ing a small quantity of prussian blue and prob- 
ably a little phenoL Prussian blue has been 
recommended for shin diseases. Excessive 
claims made for Cuticura as to the prevention 
and treatment of skin eruptions, are not war- 
ranted by its composition.) 

Proctor and Gamble, Cincinnati, Ohio. 
^ Ivory Soap. (As pure as it is cheap.)] 

Remmers, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

(N) Remmers' Peroxide Soap. {No peroxide could be 
determined by the usual tests, therefore the 
name is unwa/rramted and the product mis- 
branded. A good soap otherwise; claims mod- 
erate.) 

Resinol Soap Company, Baltimore, Md. 

(D) Resinol Soap. {Contains a small amount of 
cresol or some similar substance. Impossible 
claims made to the effect that it '^ prevents 
acne,'* '* nourishes the underlying tissues of the 



TOILET ARTICLES 215 

sMn,'^ ^^ prevents falling out of the hair/^ etc., 
whereas antiseptic properties are very limited.) 

Roger and Gallet, Rue d 'Hauteville, Paris. 
* Savon Violette de Parme. 

(N) Savon Vera-Violetta. {A good grade of soap, 
scented with violet. Sold for 85 cents. No su- 
periority to the 25 cent cake could be discov- 
ered. Perfume mxiy he superior tut finished 
prodvA^t does not show it. Price excessive.) 

Roessler and Hasslacher Chemical Company, New 
York, N. Y. 
(N) Peroxide Zinc Soap. {A good peroxide zin^ soap 
really liberating some oxygen. Claims made, 
however, for the amount liberated, the effects 
produced and the danger from u^ng ^* ordinary*^ 
soaps are not warranted.) 

Wrisley, Allen B., Company, Chicago, 111. 

(N) Olivilo Soap. {A good soap but claims unten- 
able: '^ Makes beauty," ^^ lasts nearly twice as 
long as other ten cent toilet soaps,'' ^^ keeps the 
shin in its natural healthy condition.'') 



TOOTH POWDERS, PASTES, ETC. 

There are few if any tooth powders which are 
really injurious, but their antiseptic power is lim- 
ited by the conditions under which they are used 
and the excessive claims made for these simple 
preparations as to their efficacy in destroying 
germs, sterilizing the mouth, preventing the forma- 
tion of tartar, and curing, or even preventing, pyor- 
rhea, are out of all proportion to the facts. Some 
modern investigators object to the common alka- 
line tooth paste and urge a mild acidity such as is 
imparted by eating fruits. The base of the com- 
mon tooth paste is carbonate of lime, and this 
is of such mild alkalinity as to threaten no harm. 
The great claims made for the liberation of oxygen 
in the mouth and the effect so produced must be 
looked at askance ; even though the statements may 
be true to a certain extent theoretically, the effect 
produced in the mouth is problematic. The claims 
that the breath is purified are obviously false. 
The breath may be perfumed or sweetened, but bad 
breath coming from decaying teeth or lung 
trouble or indigestion is not purified by the use of 
any tooth paste, powder or wash, whatever it may 

216 



TOILET ARTICLES 217 

contain. Some of the preparations are accom- 
panied by circulars ^ving laboratory reports and 
imposing pictures of microscopic slides, ** before 
and after using, ' ' showing the germicidal effect of 
the products in question. A laboratory experi- 
ment of this kind by no means parallels the con- 
ditions existing in the mouth and the conclusions 
drawn from such experiments are unwarranted. 
The ingredients of the several tooth powders and 
pastes indicated in the list do not pretend to be 
complete analyses, as often the ingredients are 
present in too small an amount to be distinguished 
by analysis. Only the general character of the 
product is indicated. 

The real function of a tooth paste or tooth pow- 
der is to assist the brush and water in thoroughly 
cleansing the tooth by friction. The antisepsis 
afforded is really secondary and there is room for 
a wide reform in regard to tooth pastes and tooth 
powders, as to the claims made in this respect, a 
point brought out at the recent meeting of the Na- 
tional Dentists' Association, by Dr. L. F. Kebler, 
Chief of the Division of Drugs, Department of 
Agriculture, who said : 

** After learning of the beneficial inhibiting effects of 
the antiseptics on the activities of bacteria, it was nat- 



S18 1001 TESTS 



urally believed that there was the means by whicli the 
bacterial flora of the buccal cavity could be controlled 
or stayed, if not absolutely destroyed. Experiments, 
however, soon showed that it was impossible to sterilize 
the oral cavity or even to appreciably diminish the num- 
ber of bacteria without using the drugs in such strength 
as to make them intolerable, if not absolutely dangerous, 
either because of their disagreeable odor, and taste, or 
because of their effects upon the mucous membrane and 
their toxicity. ... It is a well recognized principle in 
bacteriology that the greater the dilution of a germicide, 
the longer the time of action necessary to destroy the 
bacteria, and vice versa. From the necessary dilution 
already considered, it is quite evident that none of these 
germicidal agents can avail much in sterilizing the 
mouth, and that antiseptics are of correspondingly little 
actual value.'' 

It is these extravagant and misleading claims 
which made it impossible to give the highest ap- 
proval to many of the good tooth powders listed. 
When a very excellent tooth powder containing 
more antiseptics than usual is said to **kill all 
germs/' ** prevent contagion and all disease," and 
** cleanse as nothing else will do," we are obliged 
to disprove it, excellent as its composition may be, 
as we could not put our guarantee back of such 
misleading claims. 



TOILET ARTICLES 219 



TESTED TOOTH POWDERS, PASTES, ETC. 

(Starred products (•) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a 
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products 
{D)j rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviil for 
details as to method of rating.) 

Allen Pharmacal Company, New York. 

-k Royal Tooth Powder. {Consists essentially of 
soap, calcium carhonate, and methyl salicylate. 
Claims as to preserving and hardening the gums 
mildly extravagant.) 

American Druggists' Syndicate, Long Island City, N. Y. 
(N) A. D. S. Peroxide Tooth Powder. {Chalk, soap, 
some form of solid peroxide, and flavoring 
agents. Claims to ''heal and harden the gums,'' 
''remove all external discolor at ions," to he "a 
scientific comhiTiation of cleansing and anti- 
septic agents," "to leave the mouth in an anti- 
septic condition." Claims unwarranted.) 
(D) A. D. S. Peredixo Tooth Paste. A Peroxide Tooth 
Paste. {Use of word "Peredixo" to suggest 
peroxide. No peroxide whatever found; merely 
soap, chalk, glycerin, and flavoring agents. 
Claims to he a peroxide tooth paste, which will 
leave the mouth in a thoroughly aseptic and 
wholesome condition. Name and claims mis- 
leading.) 

Armour and Company, Chicago, 111. 

ik Luxor Tooth Paste. {Calcium carhonate and 
soap with menthol. A good antacid tooth 



220 1001 TESTS 



paste, hut the claims that it *^ sweetens the 
breath/' ^^ hardens the gums/' and is ^* anti- 
septic'' are somewhat overdrawn.) 
Colgate and Company, New York, N. Y. 

1^ Ribbon Dental Cream. {Menthol, soap, calcium 
carbonate, benzoic acid, wintergreen, probably 
glycerin. '' Purifying the breath/' a mislead- 
ing claim, is to be withdrawn. 

Dentacura Company, Newark, N. J. 

(N) Dentacura. {A good preparation containing 
soap, calcium carbonate, methyl salicylate, 
msnthol, eucalyptol, boric acid, etc. No thymol 
could be detected in the finished product though 
it is said to be added. Former impossible claims 
such as ^' hills all germs/' ** prevents contagion/' 
etc., withdrawn.) 
Hall and Ruckel, New York, N. Y. 

(N) Sozodont Tooth Paste. (Soap, calcium carbon- 
ate, eosin (coloring), oU of cinnamon, and 
menthol. A good tooth paste but the claims 
that it is the '^embodiment of ideas of famous 
chemists/' '^ hardens the gums/' etc., are not 
warranted by its simple composition.) 

(N) Van Buskirk's Sozodont Antiseptic Tooth Paste. 
(Essentially soap, calcium carbonate, menthol, 
methyl salicylate and salicylic acid. Claims 
that it '* hardens the gums/' *' tones and ster- 
ilizes the mouth/' extravagant; other state- 
ments m/)derate.) 



TOILET ARTICLES ^21 

Kolynos Company, New Haven, Conn. 

(N) Kolynos. {A good preparation contaming chalk, 
alcohol, soap, glycerine and small amounts of 
other antiseptics such as benzoic acid, and es- 
sential oils. Overburdened with extravagant 
claims such as '^disease preventer,*' ''destroys 
germs of diphtheria and pneumonia in less than 
one minute,*' etc., ''sterilizes the mouth to de- 
gree heretofore believed impossible,'* etc.) 

Lavoris Chemical Company, Minneapolis, Minn. 

(D) Lavoris. (A mouth wash containing zinc chlo- 
ride, menthol, oil of cassia and alcohol, as its 
pri7icipal ingredients. Formaldehyde claimed, 
none found; statements made as to its germici- 
dal and healing properties greatly exagger- 
ated.) 

Lehn and Fink, New York, N. Y. 

* Pebeeo Tooth Paste. {Differs from most tooth 
pastes in containing potassium chlorate, harm- 
less in quantities in which it is present but of 
problematic efficiency. Other important ingre- 
dients are: calcium carbonate, soap, methyl sa- 
licylate, and menthol. Former extravagant 
claims as to efficiency in relief of disease, anti- 
septic value, etc., have been moderated or with- 
drawn.) 

Lyon, I. W., and Sons, 520 West 27th Street, New York. 
(N) Perfect Tooth Powder. {Essentially soap, cal- 



9.22 1001 TESTS 



cium carbonate, and methyl salicylate. Does 
not really ^* purify the breath" as claimed.) 
McKesson and Robbins, New York, N. Y. 

(N) Calox, The Oxygen Tooth Powder. (Contains 
peroxide, menthol, methyl salicylate and cal- 
cium carbonate. Does liberate some active oxy- 
gen in the mouth but the efficacy of this ingre- 
dient is greatly over estimated.) 
P}^:© Chemical Company, 1212 Saratoga Street, Balti- 
more, Md. 

(D) Pyrodento. (An alkaline liquid, containing 5 per 
cent, of alcohol, as declared, with sodium bicar- 
bonate, egg albumen, boric acid, glycerin, and 
small amount of formaldehyde, and the oils of 
cinnamon, spearmint and peppermint. No po- 
tassium permanganate coidd be detected, though 
it is claimed in the formula, and if added, is 
present in too small amounts to be detected or 
to be of any practical value. Claims that ^^It 
destroys bacteria, thus acting as a prophylactic 
to all diseases of the oral cavity,'^ ^^ hardens 
the gums," and is ^^ especially recommended for 
pyorrhea," not warranted.) 

(D) Pyrodento Creme Paste. {Consists essentially of 
calcium and magnesium carbonates, fixed oil, 
boric acid, glycerin, egg albumen, a trace of 
formaldehyde, sodium carbonate, oils of spear- 
mint, peppermint, and cinnamon. No soap, 
gelatin or starch present. No potassium per- 



TOILET ARTICLES 



manganate detected. Could not sterilize ^'at 
the mouth/' and its usefulness in the treatment 
of pyorrhea, stomatitis, chronic ulcerations, etc., 
problematic.) 

Sanitol Chemical Laboratory Company, St. Louis, Mo. 
ic Sanitol Tooth Paste. {Contains calcium carbon- 
ate, soap, methyl salicylate, and menthol. 
Claims ^'the most effective cream known to the 
dentist,'^ *^of lasting benefit to teeth and gums," 
obviously exaggerated.) 

Sheffield Dentrifice Company, New York City, N. Y. 
(N) Dental Cream. {Essentially sassafras, menthol, 
soap, calcium carbonate, eosin {coloring) and 
oil of cinnamon. Over weighted with such 
claims as the following: ^^ Coats the teeth with 
an alkaline film that protects them for hours"; 
^^neutralizes all acids of the mouth," ^'best in 
the world," etc.) 

United Drug Company, Boston, Mass. 

(N) Rexall Tooth Powder. {Essentially soap, cal- 
cium carbonate, methyl salicylate and thymol. 
Claims to remove usual cause of decayed teeth 
and fetid breath. This could not possibly be 
true, as decaying teeth and bad breath in many 
cases have deep systemic causes which a tooth 
powder could not reach. Statement true only in 
a most general way in so far as it keeps the 
teeth clean.) 



XIX 

APPENDIX 

CLASSIFIED PRODUCTS EXAMINED 
DURING 1914-1915 

I. BAKING POWDERS, YEASTS, ETC. 

General Chemical Co., New York City. 

* Ryzon Baking Powder. {A very efficient y phos- 

phate powder (15 per cent, of carbon dioxid). 
Contains monosodium phosphate, instead of acid 
calcium phosphate. An efficient powder, leav^ 
ing only a residue of sodium phosphate, which 
does not, however, restore to the tread the typ^ 
of phosphate removed in making white flour,) 

Southern Manufacturing Co., Richmond, Va. 

* Princine Baking Powder. {A good powder of the 

phosphate type. Well labeled but claims of 
superiority and purity in descriptive literature 
exaggerated.) 



225 



II. BEVERAGES 

CHOCOLATES 

Blocker, J. and C, Amsterdam, Holland (46 Hudson 
Street, New York City). 
lAr Grand Brand Cocoa. {A typical Dutch cocoa con- 
taining about 3.5 of mineral ingredients added 
to assist in holding the cocoa in suspension, and 
frankly declared on label. Contained less fat 
than the Daalder^s Brand {p. 8), sold for a 
lower price. Quality however is good.) 

Croft and Allen Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 

(N) Croft's Breakfast Cocoa. {Fat rather low (about 
20 per cent.) and ash high indicating either an 
alkali treated product or one that is not care^ 
fully cleaned. Claim ^^ fatty part of cocoa re- 
moved'^ is inaccurate and meaningless. Half 
of the fat is always removed in making cocoa 
— to remove too much makes an inferior quality 
and all of it is never removed.) 
(D) Swiss Milk Cocoa. (Almost no milk or else it is 
skimmed milk, as fat and Reichert Meissl num- 
ber are very low. Also mineral ingredients are 
high indicating an alkali treated cocoa or an 
impure article — probably the former as '^ Swiss 
Process'^ is claimed.) 

226 



BEVERAGES 227 

Merrell-Soule Co., Syracuse, New York. 

(D) Milcoco. (About 64 per cent, sugars with dried 
shim milk and a very small amount of cocoa. 
Almost no fat found and therefore not entitled 
to the name of ''milk'' or ''cocoa'' without any 
explanatory labeling.) 

Pickman, P. G., and Bros., New York City. 

(D) Liquid chocolate. (Milk soured— Claim "Keeps 
indefinitely in any climate," obviously not cor- 
rect. Better to mix one's own condensed milk 
and chocolate.) 



COFFEE AND TEA 

Blanke, C. F., Tea and Coffee Co., St. Louis, Mo. 

* Faust Coffee. {Extravagant quality claims.) 
Bout Co., Toledo, Ohio. 

* Old Master Coffee. 

* Royal Garden Tea. 

* San Marto Coffee. 

Cel-Co Manufacturing Co., Campfield, Kansas. 

(N) Cel-Co Coffee Substitute. (The icsual mixture 
of grains, treated with molasses and roasted and 
ground. Harmless hut in no sense a true sub- 
stitute for coffee.) 

Figprune Cereal Co., San Jose, Calif. 

(N) Figprune. (A cereal beverage containing dried 
roasted figs and probably prunes mixed with 
ground roasted grains. A grain rather than a 
fruit mixture as name would signify. Claims 
too strong.) 

Hammer, C, 352 West llTth Street, New York City. 
(N) Hammer's Concentrated Coffee. {Concentration 
and economy claims not warranted — only about 
8 per cent, of total solids. Such products al- 
ways loch the fine flavor and odor of real cof- 
fee.) 

228 



BEVERAGES 229 



Kaffee Hag Corporation, 225 Fifth Avenue, New York 
City. 

* Kaffee Hag. {Coffee heans from which 95 per 

cent, of the caffein has heen extracted without 
affecting flavor materially. Claims **All of the 
delights — none of the regrets" '^A perfect cof- 
fee," hardly accurate as caffei/n however injuri- 
ous, is one of the characteristic ingredients 
of coffee.) 

Kellogg, W. K., Battle Creek, Mich. 

(N) Drinket. {A harmless beverage, essentially a mix- 
ture of roasted cereals. Contains apparently 
considerable hran and some sugar. Compari- 
sons with coffee not warranted.) 

Lipton*s, London, New York, Chicago. 

* Lipton's Gossip Blend Caffee-Klatsch Coffee. 
"lAr Lipton^s Yellow Label Blend Coffee. 

{Superlative claims as the ** choicest and most 
carefully selected" coffees objectionable.) 

Mexican Products Co., New York City. 

(D) Mexican Coffee Tablets. {A ground coffee com- 
pressed into a square cake. Quality is good but 
claims that the beverage will be *^ practically 
free from caffetannic acid" and that the ^^most 
delicate persons" *^even after prolonged and 
constant use" will suffer no HI effects, are mis- 
leading as 1.4 per cent, of caffein was found.) 



1001 TESTS 



Monroe Co., Quincy, 111. 

* Monco. {A cereal beverage containing chicory 

which is declared on label. All nutritive claims 
and objectionable over-emphasized comparisons 
have been withdrawn.) 
Peek Bros, and Winch, New York City. 

* Ceylon, Indian Blend Tea. 

Ridgeway House, King William Street, London, Eng. 

* Ridgeway 's Tea. Her Majesty's Blend. 
Schorn and Brower, 548 West 46tli St., New York City. 

"^ Coffee. {Good product but quality claims are ex- 
treme and not susceptible of proof — ^^ Highest 
grade of private plantation coffee produced/') 
Tebbetts and Garland Store, Chicago, 111. 

* Vilosa Coffee. (A very good Java and Mocha 

mixture. Claim ^^ World's Most Satisfying 
Coffee' ' objectionable as any similar mixture 
would be just as good.) 



SOFT DRINKS, TONICS, AND MEDICATED 
BEVERAGES 

Bear Lithia Spring Co., New York City. 

* Ginger Ale, Bliseo Aromatic. {Ginger oils and 

resins found; also capsicum which should he 
declared.) 

Doane, Nathaniel, Harwiehport, Mass. 

(N) Doane 's Cranberry Juice. (Flavor not distinc- 
tive, about 30 per cent, of sugar added. Should 
he labeled ^^ Sweetened Cranberry juice." 
Claim ^^ Brings that rosy bloom of youth" of 
course meaningless unless externally applied.) 

Grape Ola Co., New York City. 

* Grape Ola. {A true concentrated grape juice — 

some sugar added and declared, hut is all in- 
verted hy acids of the grape.) 

HofF, Johann, Berlin-Hamburg, Germany (Eisner-Men- 
delson Co., Agents). 
(D) Hoff's Chocolate with Malt Extract and Iron. 
{Almost one-half sugar, not mentioned. 
Amount of malt extract very small as indicated 
hy nitrogen content. Amount of iron fair 
(0.12) . Claims made as to its use in the various 
diseases of childhood and its application in ad- 
ministering iron, are untenable.) 
231 



232 1001 TESTS 



Honolulu Fruit Products Co., San Francisco, Cal. 

* Clark's Pineapple Juice. {A good straight pine- 

apple juice, but slightly short weight and claim- 
ing ^ ^ medicinal' ^ qualities that are decidedly 
problematic, though this is a most wholesome 
product.) 
McMurdo, A. E., Charlottesville, Ya. 

* Monticello Grape Juice. 
Oregon Fruit Juice Co., Salem, Ore. 

* Loganberry juice, Pheasant Brand. 
Pabst Brewing Co., Milwaukee, Wis. 

(N)Pabst Extract, The ''Best'' Tonic. (Alcoholic 
content equal to that of a beer — about 4 per 
cent, and total solids lower than in other first 
class malt extracts. Claims too broad especially 
in view of composition.) 

Randall Grape Juice Co., Kipley, N. Y. 

(N) Grape Juice. {The grape solids are rather low 
and the cane sugar rather high. Data indicate 
either inferior grapes or watered product. Not 
unwholesome but not of highest quality as com- 
pared with other bramds.) 

Smith, J. Hungerford, Grape Juice Co., Rochester, N. Y. 

* Royal Purple Grape Juice. 
Tropical Fruit Juice Co., Chicago, 111. 

(N) Grape Smash Syrup. {Not a true grape juice; 
a syrup flavored with a product made from 
grapes and colored with a vegetable dye. Arti- 
ficially acidulated.) 



ni. BISCUITS, CAKES, ETC. 

Bennett, F. H., Biscuit Co., New York City. 

(N) Wheatsworth Whole Wheat Biscuit. (A true 
whole wheat biscuit containing however 17 per 
cent, of sugar which should he declared on the 
label, as these products are largely used by small 
children and invalids and the sugar makes them 
much less desirable in my opinion for such use.) 

Hoenshell and Emery, Lincoln, Neb. 

* Royal Black Fruit Cake. (Excellent quality but 

short weight, about 3 ounces on a 2 lb. package. 
Sample a year old and shortage due largely to 
loss of moisture — marked ^*net weight when 
packed'^ but this is not satisfactory.) 
Johnson Educator Food Co., Boston, Mass. 

* Educator Water Crackers. (^^ Entire wheat '^ only 

in the commercial sense. Good protein content 
and about one per cent, of ash, showing that 
nearly half of the bran was removed. Contains 
over twice as much of the mineral ingredients 
as white flour however, and only ^^ entire wheat 
flavor' ' is claimed.) 

Loose- Wiles Biscuit Co., New York City. 

* Sunshine Golden Flakes. 

233 



^S4f 1001 TESTS 



Mansfield Laboratories, Inc., Mansfield, Mass. 

* Agar Agar Crackers. (A whole wheat cracker con- 

taining some agar agar as claimed.) 
National Biscuit Co., New York City. 

* Anola. 

* Cheese Tid Bit. 

* Snaparoons. {Not a ^'macaroon'' as the name 

might suggest.) 
(N) Zwieback. {A thoroughly hahed, crisp Nscuit — 
special value for children, invalids, etc., lies in 
double taking, not in composition. Contains 18 
per cent, of reducing sugars which should he 
mentioned on label. Statements that these bis- 
cuit are the ''best food" for invalids — ''has no 
equal" — helps to "digest miW are extrava- 
gant.) 



IV. CANDIES 

American Candy Co., Milwaukee, Wis. 

(N) Milady of Quality Chocolates. (32 per cent, of 
glucose in cream fillings too much for ^ Equality" 
candies selling at a dollar a pound.) 

Baker, Walter, and Co., 

* Sweet chocolate. {About 60 per cent, cane sugar 

but chocolate present is of fine quality as shown 
by fat content.) 
Brewster Cocoa Mfg. Co., Jersey City, N. J. 

* Almond Milk Chocolate (sweet). {Amount of 

milk is small — added mineral ingredients to ex- 
tent of 1 per cent, declared on label probably 
used to give smoothness that should result from 
the addition of more milk. No standard for 
these products and as this is honestly labeled 
and is ^^A pleasing and wholesome confection" 
the star rating is given though it is not equal 
to some other milk chocolates in quality.) 
ic Milk Chocolate. {Same comments as for the al- 
mond milk chocolate — labeling not so good in 
this case — no mention of sugar or of mineral 
ingredients on small package.) 

* Peanut Milk Chocolate. {Same comment as on the 

almond milk chocolate, probably butter and a 
very small amount of milk used.) 

235 



236 1001 TESTS 



Bunte Brothers, Chicago, 111. 

(N) Candy. (Pleasantly flavored hard candies hut 
consisting of nearly one-third glucose and col- 
ored with permitted coal tar dyes.) 
(N) Happy Heme Candies. (Hard colored candies 
with soft centers. Harmless hut contain an un- 
necessarily large proportion of glucose, i, e., 35 
to 40 per cent.) 
Gallanis Brothers, Chicago, 111. 

* Temptation Chocolates. 
Johnstons, Milwaukee, Wis. 

* Triad Chocolates. 

Kibbe Brothers Co., Springfield, Mass. 

* Kibbe Candy. *'New Kings.'' {Sugar, molasses 

and peanut hutter as claimed; a very minute 
amount of sulphur dioxid present due to the 
molasses (20 parts per million, 350 permitted 
hy regulation).) 
Lowney, Walter M., Co., Boston, Mass. 

* Chocolates, Date Filling. 

* Chocolate Marshmallows. {Ahout 20 per cent, glu- 

cose — permissible in this type of candy. Price 
high — one dollar a pound for a product one- 
fifth glucose.) 
(N) Chocolate caramels. {Ahout 40 per cent, glucose 
found. More than our standard permits espe- 
cially at one dollar a pound, though some glu- 
cose is permissible in caramels for its physical 
properties.) 



CANDIES 237 



* Crest Chocolates, Lemon. 

(N) Crest Chocolates, Maple. {Nearly 20 per cent, of 
glucose found in the cream which exceeds the 
amount permitted hy our standard, especially 
for a dollar a pound candy.) 

* Crest Chocolates, Strawberry. (Good quality, 

only 10 per cent, of glucose i% creams, statement 
made in advertising that the fillings of Crest 
Chocolates are made of pure rich cream and but- 
ter is misleading as only a very minute amount 
of butter fat was found and glucose is not men- 
tioned.) 

* Crest Chocolates, Vanilla. 

* Delecto Chocolates. 
Maillard, H., New York City. 

ik Chocolate After Dinner Mints. (Excellent quality 
containing only about 14 per cent, of glucose in 
the cream, and proving lack of necessity for any 
more glucose in this type of candy. Price 
rather high, considering this addition; 50 cents 
a pound. ) 
Monte Candy Shop, Menomonie, Wis. 

* Monte Fudge Chocolates. (Excellent quality; 

only about 5 per cent, of glucose and high in fat 
(12 per cent.), showing use of cream or butter.) 
National Wafer Co., Boston, Mass. 

* Winter green Nawaco Wafers. 
Package Confectionery Co., Boston, Mass. 

k Surprise Wafers — Assorted. (A cheap harmless 



^38 1001 TESTS 



wafer containing about 88 per cent, of sugar and 
less than 5 per cent, of glucose.) 
(N) Surprise Wafers — Chocolate. (A good wafer al- 
most pure sugar {about 93 per cent.) but not 
enough chocolate to warrant name, none could 
be found; really flavored with winter green.) 

Park and Tilford, New York City. 

(N) Juvenile Candies. {Good candies in an attrac- 
tive, sanitary package but no special claim to 
'^purity and excellence.^' Coal tar dyes not es- 
pecially desirable ^^for the kiddies'' even if a 
permitted dye is used, and content of glucose 
was high for this type of candy, about 22 per 
cent.). 

Societe Alsacienne D*Alimentation, Strasbourg, Ger- 
many. 

* Peppermint Loriot. 

Stern and Saalberg, 416 45th Street, New York City. 
(N) Chocolate Tootsie Rolls. {About 40 per cent, 
glucose and 48 per cent, of sugar. Not enough 
chocolate to give a characteristic flavor or to 
warrant name.) 

Westmoreland Candy Co., Richmond, Va. 

* Peconut Crisp. {Extremely small amount of sul- 

phur dioxid found, 67 parts per million, due to 
molasses used and 13 per cent, of glucose. A 
good cheap candy.) 



V. CANNED GOODS 

FRUITS 

Cape Cod Specialty Co., North Truro, Mass. 

(N) Cape Cod Peaches— Halves. {Not of first class 
quality hut wholesome. Soft, and not of good 
appearance.) 
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111. 
1^ Apricots. 

* Royal Anne Cherries {Excellent quality, large 

cherries and net weight correct hut amount of 
liquid in relation to solids is too large — what we 
call *^ slack weight/') 

* Egg Plums. 

Rheinstorm Brothers, Cincinnati, 0. 

(N) Rosebud Cherries. {Lahel honestly declares prod- 
uct to he artificially flavored and colored with 
a permitted coal tar dye. While not fraudulent, 
the product has little or no flavor except sweet- 
ness, though it is practically an imitation Ma- 
raschino cherry, and is not of ^^star^' quality.) 

Sprague- Warner Co., Chicago, 111. 

* Richelieu Sliced Lemon Cling Peaches. {Can not 

determine whether this is a true '^ Lemon Cling'' 
or not; douhtfid as few are now canned. A 
good product, however.) 

239 



MILK PRODUCTS, INFANTS^ FOODS, ETC. 

Bernese Alps Milk Co., Emmenthal, Switzerland. 

* Swiss Milk — Bear Brand, Sweetened Condensed. 

(41 per cent, of sugar hut containing more fat 
and milk solids than our domestic milks (9 per 
cent, fat, 33.3 milk solids). Directions for in- 
fant feeding not approved (schedule given — no 
extreme claims).) 
Brook's Barley Co., Boston, Mass. 

* Brook's Baby Barley. {Protein content good hut 

decidedly low in mineral ingredients ; not the 
whole grain. A good product for infants and 
invalids. ) 

Deutsche Milchwerke, Germany; Stendorf Food Com- 
pany, New York City ; Agent Louis Hoos, Chi- 
cago. 
(D) Biedert's Ramogen. {Claims to he ^^ a sterile milk 
conserve hrought to the highest standard of 
perfection.^' Apparently a sweetened hutter. 
An unhalanced ration for infant feeding; fat 
and sugar too high. Claims extravagant: 
**Ilas gained the leadership over all other in- 
fants' foods solely on its merits.") 

Glaxo Co., 88 Graceehurch Street, London, E. C, Eng- 
land. 

240 



CANNED GOODS ^41 

* Glaxo. {A good, dried, whole milk containing a 
proper amount of fat. Most of the dried milks 
examined have been skimmed milk only. An 
excellent food for babies when fresh milk can 
not be obtained. Fancy name and secrecy as to 
composition objectionable,) 

Lapp and Co., Fribourg, Switzerland. 

(N) Swiss Condensed Milk. {A good product as far 
as fat content and milk solids are concerned, but 
can was not sanitary and contents were not in 
perfect condition. Special recommendations 
for infant feeding objectionable since product 
contains 40 per cent, of sugar.) 

Taroena Food Co., Honolulu, Hawaii. 

(D) Taroena. *'A nature made food for infants, in- 
valids, and dyspeptics." {Probably a true tare 
starch product, good in itself but claims made 
as to its digestive powers, and wonderful value 
as a special food for infants, etc., are untenable. 
Is not a ^^ nerve and brain food*^ nor does it con- 
tain ''a greater amount of nutrition than awy 
other food J') 



SOUPS, EXTRACTS, BOUILLON CUBES, ETC. 

Beale, W. C, Fish Co., Eastport, Me. 

(N) Bisque of Lobster. (Product not well adapted to 
merchandizing in this form. Not unwholesome 
hut of dubious quality and safety.) 

* Clam Bouillon. 

* Clams in Bouillon. 

* Clam Chowder. {In glass; relative amount of po- 

tato rather large,) 

Beardsley's Sons, J. W., New York City. 

(N) Vegex Bouillon Cubes. {A yeast product, about 
the same value as meat cubes. Less protein than 
the Vegex paste and over half salt. Not nutri- 
tious but useful for flavoring and stimulative 
value. Properly labeled but booklet still carries 
misleading statements as to uses and value es- 
pecially as compared with meat products. In 
process of revision.) 

Burnham and Morrill, Portland, Me. 

* Clam Chowder. 

* Clam Juice. 

Campbell, Joseph, Co., Camden, N. J. 

* Vermicelli Tomato Soup. 
Heinz, H. J., Co., Pittsburg, Pa. 

■^ Cream of Celery Soup. (While starch has been 
added as a thickener, the amount of fat found 
(nearly 7 per cent.) indicates addition of but- 
ter or cream, giving right to name. Flavor ex- 
cellent.) 

:Ar Cream of Green Peas Soup. 

242 



VEGETABLES 

Burnham and Morrill, Portland, Me. 

(N) Pork and beans. {Too little pork and too much 
moisture for haked ieans — '^Original New Eng- 
land StyW would imply taking.) 

* Cranberry sauce. 

(N) Paris Succotash. {Made with green corn and 
dried lima beans. So labeled but paying for 
the canning of dried beans is hardly economic 
nor is the quality equal to the canned fresh 
product, 

(D) Lima Beans. {Only a very small type statement 
is made that these are ^^ cooked dried lima beans'' 
and a picture of green beans in the pod is on 
label. Department calls for the label ^^ Soaked 
dried lima beans" as the dried beans themselves 
are a distinct product.) 

* Paris Sugar Corn. {A good product but neither 

so sweet nor so tender as claims woidd lead one 
to expect.) 
Cape Cod Products Co., North Truro, Mass. 

* Cape Cod Small Beets. 

Cape Cod Specialty Co., North Truro, Mass. 

* Cape Cod Tomatoes. 

243 



U4i 1001 TESTS 

Cresca Co., New York City. 

* La Rochambeau Cresca Peas. {High priced and 

slightly short weight hut relative amount of 
liquid was very low. Excellent quality.) 
Dry Milk Co., New York City. 

(N) Cremora. (About 5 per cent, of the fat had been 
removed — figures do not even indicate a whole 
milk and name would lead one to believe it to be 
cream. Can not approve although statement is 
made on the label that the product contains '^all 
or part of the cream according to grade desired.^' 
Should be all cream to warrant name.) 

(N) Diet Milk. {Again a portion of the fat has been 
removed leaving a product not correctly pro- 
portioned for infant feeding — less than half of 
the fat of whole milk found. Reflections on 
cow's milk not warranted. Why pay 50 cents 
a pound for a skimmed milk product and then 
'*add cream' ' as suggested? Not perfectly ster- 
ilized.) 

(N) Kindolac. {This is a partially skimmed milk, as 
is declared on the label. The protein and the 
fats are not present in correct proportion and 
such a product could not be approved for in- 
fant feeding.) 
Emmart Packing Co., Chicago, 111. 

* Emmart 's Hominy (Tin). {A pearled hominy 

from which germ and bran have been largely 
removed. Protein content rather low. A good 



CANNED GOODS 245 

product of its kind, hut not economic to 
buy hominy in this form when it can he pur- 
chased in dry form and cooked in the home 
kitchen.) 

iic Emmart's Hominy (Glass Jar). {Same comment 
— even more expensive in glass than in tin.) 
Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburg, Pa. 

"1^ Kidney Beans. 

* Pork and Beans — without tomato sauce. Oven 

baked, Boston style. 
Keen, Robinson, and Co., London, Eng. 

* Robinson's Patent Barley. {Sugar partly con- 

verted into maltose; excellent in the sick room 
and for infants in case of howel trouble, but 
its recommendation for the nutrition of infants 
in general and under normal conditions is de- 
cidedly questionable.) 
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111. 

* Mexican Style Chili Con Came with Beans. 
Marshall Canning Co., Marshalltown, la. 

* Milk Hominy, Dairy Maid Brand. {Milk diluted 

about one-half by water in processing.) 
Snider, T. A., Preserve Co., Cincinnati, 0. 

* Pork and beans with tomato sauce. 
Sprague Warner and Co., Chicago, 111. 

* Peas, Richelieu Brand. {Slightly slack fill but ex- 

cellent quality.) 



VL CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 

BREAKFAST FOODS 

Cerag Co., Red Bank, N. J. 

* Cerag Cereal. {Declared composition, 25 per 

cent, agar and bran, with 75 per cent, of whole 
wheat and barley malt partly dextrinized, is 
substantially confirmed. Amount of agar is 
rather small, and only a small part of the starch 
is dextrinized, '^Permanent relief from chronic 
constipation*^ could not be guaranteed in all 
cases. This would depend on the cause, but 
product is an excellent one for combating or 
preventing this condition.) 

Dad's Breakfast Food Co., Watertown, N. Y. 

(N) Dad's Breakfast Food. (About 20 per cent, 
wheat bran and 80 per cent. corn. A good 
mixture but extravagant claims and mysterious 
references to a ^^ product of wheat of great 
medicinal value" are hardly warranted. 
Neither is corn as good a *^body builder*^ as 
whole wheat.) 

Great Valley Mills, Paoli, Pa. 

* Cracked Oats. {Slightly short iveight hut ap- 

246 



CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS S47 

proved on extra quality; high in protein, 
hulled.) 

* Cracked Wheat. {Not so high in either protein 

or ash as a first class hard winter wheat, hut a 
good standard product.) 
Malted Cereals Co., Burlington, Vt. 

* Malt Breakfast Food. A Compound of Wheat and 

Malt. {A good cracked wheat product with a 
small amount of malt, about 10 per cent. Not 
a malted cereal hut a compound as suhlahel in- 
dicates. Should he named after the most im- 
portant ingredient. High in protein and a good 
product hut technically mishranded.) 
Purity Oats Co., Davenport, la. 

* Purity Rolled Oats. (Analysis shows an average 

sample of hulled oats. No hetter than other 
standard hrands.) 
Quaker Oats Co., Chicago, 111. 

* Quaker Corn PuJffs. (A degerminated decorti- 

cated corn product. Not as wholesome as whole 
corn meal and high priced even when special 
process is considered — at the rate of about $16 
a bushel for corn worth 80 cents. Now full 
weight — a technical improvement only as less 
weight is claimed than formerly at the same 
price.) 

Scott, A. and R., Colinton, Midlothian, Scotland. 

(D) Scott's Porage Oats. (An oatmeal containing 



248 1001 TESTS 



only a minimum amount of protein and ash 
and claiming that it is *^mare delicious and 
more nourishing than any hind of oatmeal or 
rolled oats/' etc.) 



FLOURS, MEALS, AND BRANS 

Ballard and Ballard Co., Louisville, Ky. 

* Obelisk Sanitary Edible Bran. 

* Obelisk Whole Wheat Graham Flour. 
Economy Food Products Co., Cambridge, Mass. 

* Priscilla Prepared Doughnut Flour. {Doubt the 

*^ economy'' of such mixtures but general com- 
position was good.) 
Franklin Mills Co., Rockport, N. Y. 

* Franklin Pancake Flour. {One of the best self 
rising products. A good straight wheat flour, 
not a mixture, with a reasonable amount of good 
cream of tartar, soda and salt added. Claims 
slightly extreme — is not a true ^^ whole wheat," 
but is a commercial ^^ entire wheat'' with only 
part of the bran removed.) 

Great Valley Mills, Paoli, Pa. 

* Com Meal, White. 

* Com Meal, Yellow. 
{Whole grains, not degerminated. Over 4 

per cent, of fat.) 
(N) Graham Flour. {Not a true graham as 10 per 
cent, of the bran and middlings have been re- 
moved as stated in the circular. A true graham 
contains practically all the bran and about 1.8 
of mineral ingredients. This flour has only 1 

249 



250 1001 TESTS 



per cent. A good product intermediate hetween 
a patent and a graham hut inaccurately la- 
beled.) 
"A Rice, Brown. (1.18 of mineral ingredients, show- 
ing that the rice is the whole grain, unpolished.) 

* Rye Flour. {A true rye meal, rather than a flour.) 

* Whole Wheat Flour. (A true whole wheat or gra- 

ham; 1.5 per cent, of mineral ingredients and 
12 per cent, of protein.) 
Hecker Cereal Co., New York City. 

* Hecker 's Superlative Self Raising Flour. {A 

straight wheat flour with a moderate amount of 
phosphate baking powder and a little salt added, 
A good product of its kind with unwarranted 
economy claims. About one cent a pound pre- 
mium paid for the convenience of having the 
ingredients mixed ready to use.) 

Hills, Wm. S., Co., Boston, Mass. 

(N) White Puff Flour. {A typical cake and pastry 
flour, containing less protein and less gluten 
than a regular bread flour and therefore giving 
less nutrition but a more delicate and tender 
product. Contains a small amount of nitrites 
which would indicate either very light bleach- 
ing or contamination by absorption during stor- 
age.) 

H. O. Company, Buffalo, N. Y. 

* Buckwheat Pancake Flour. (One of the typical 

self -rising mixtures, mostly corn meal and buck- 



CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 251 

wheat with a small amount of wheat and con- 
tains decidedly more haking powder than home 
recipes call for — presumably added in excess 
to ensure good results under any and all condi- 
tions. Note that hucJcwheat and corn should he 
cheaper than straight wheat, hut such is not the 
case — honestly laheled in the main and con- 
venient hut not economical.) 
Kellogg Food Co., Battle Creek, Mich. 

* Sterilized Wheat Bran. 

Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Co., Battle Creek, Mich. 

* Toasted Bran Flakes. {An excellent hran product 

hut the addition of ahout 5 per cent, of sugar 
without declaration on the label is ohjection- 
ahle.) 
Koiner Mills, Richmond, Va. 

* Virginia Com Meal. (A true whole corn meal, not 

degerminated and of excellent quality.) 
Listman Mill Co., La Crosse, Wis. 

* Marvel Flour. {A very good patent flour show- 

ing however traces of nitrites, and therefore 
is not '^ absolutely pure.'* Extravagant claims 
absurd — no better than any first class patent.) 
Pieser Livingston Co., Chicago, 111. 

* Uncle Jerry Pancake Flour. (As usual in self ris- 
ing mixtures the amount of haking powder 
added is more than would he necessary in home 
mixing. This product has the special virtue 
that the percentages of different flours present 



^52 1001 TESTS 



erre accurately declared on the label. Slightly 
short weight and not economic, hut convenient 
and makes a good pancake.) 
Pillsbury Flour Mills Co., Minneapolis, Minn. 

* Pillsbury 's Health Bran. (Claims somewhat ex- 

treme, hut a good hran product for comhating 
constipation.) 
Washburn-Crosby Company, Minneapolis, Minn. 

* Wheat-a-Laxa. (One of the very hest whole 

wheats examined — has 14 per cent, of protein 
and 1.88 of ash, conforming to theoretical data 
for a fine quality hard wheat, ground whole.) 



SPAGHETTI AND ]\iACARONI 

Skinner Manufacturing Co., Omaha, Neb. 

* Alphabetos. (See Macaroni.) 

^ Egg Noodles. {These are true egg noodles, un- 
colored.) 

ik Macaroni. {A very good product containing about 
13 per cent, of protein and 0.7 per cent, of min- 
eral ingredients. Not ^^the hesf as claimed 
and not the whole wheat, but nearly half of the 
bran is retained.) 

* Spaghetti. (See Macaroni.) 

Uncle Sam's Macaroni Co., Tecumseh, Mich. 

* Spaghetti. 



253 



VII. CONDIMENTS 

Anderson, J. H., and Co., Philadelphia, Pa. 

* Anderco Onion Sauce. {Color deepened hy burnt 

sugar (caramel), harmless hut may give a de- 
ceptive idea as to strength.) 
iic Worcestershire Sauce, Anderco Brand. (Some 
question as whether the name and style of label 
might mislead as to origin and identity of prod- 
uct, but is of the Worcestershire type, and 
technically is correctly labeled.) 

Crosse and Blackwell, London, Eng. 

(N) Anchovy Sauce. (Colored apparently with iron 
oxid; claims extreme.) 

* Bengal Club Chutney. 

(D) Genuine China Soy. (Nitrogen too low and 
sugars too high for a true soy bean product; had 
the appearance of molasses.) 

(N) Mushroom Sauce. (No distinctive flavor; harm- 
less but of dubious quality and authenticity. 
Should contain enough mushroom to give it char- 
acter,) 

(N) Walnut Catsup. (No distinctive flavor — mediocre 
quality,) 

254 



CONDIMENTS 255 

Heinz, H. J., Co., Pittsburg, Pa. 

* India Relish. {Objection to name as product is 

not from India and is not especially typical of 
Indian products except that it contains a small 
amount of curry.) 

* Prepared Mustard. 

Leggett, Francis H., and Co., New York City. 

* Premier Salad Dressing. (A good product con- 

taining egg and over 50 per cent, of oil, which 
however is entirely or partly cottonseed oil and 
should he declared as such on the label.) 

Lester, Francis E., Co., Mesilla Park, N. M. 

(N) Mexican Ground Chili. {Extravagant digestional 
claims and unwarranted reflections on the injuri- 
ousness of other spices. Contained only about 
half the non-volatile ether extract, found in 
these products usually. Either naturally in- 
ferior, or only a part of the chillies was 
ground.) 

Morton Salt Co., Chicago, 111. 

* Morton's Free Running Salt. {A salt to which a 

^ ^ drier '^ has been added in the form of 1 per 
cent, of calcium phosphate {declared on the la- 
hel), to prevent ^^ caking.'') 

National Onion Salt Co., Chicago, 111. 

* Nosco Celery Seasoning. {Impregnating the salt 

(48 per cent, of product) with the celery oil 



256 1001 TESTS 



adds materially to the cost of the product hut 
even considering this over $2 a pound for a salt 
seems high.) 
Nosco Garlic Seasoning. (A rather expensive con- 
venience at 15 cents for 1.8 ounces when salt is 
15 cents for 16 ounces and this is merely 87 
per cent, salt impregnated with garlic.) 



VIIL DESSERTS 

Allredie Pure Food Co., Boston, Mass. 

(N) Allredie Brand Plum Pudding. {Merely a mioc- 
ture of ground cereals, whole raisins and spices 
— not a prepared plum pudding,) 

Burrell Products Co., Newark, N. J. 

(N) Ready Mixt Custard Pudding. {Product appears 
to be about three-fourths starch, sugar, and a lit- 
tle glucose. Only a minute amount of fat pres- 
ent but analysis would indicate that some egg 
albumen and dried milk preparations were used 
to substantiate at least technically the right to 
the name *^ custard,'^ Harmless and conven- 
ient, but not either of high quality nor economic 
considering the food value as compared with the 
home made mixture.) 
(N) Ready Mixt Icing and Filling. {About 90 per 
cent, of sugar and 4 per cent, of glucose and a 
very small amount of egg. A good product of 
its kind hut not cheap even at 10 cents for 6 
ounces. Convenient and harmless but not eco- 
nomic nor a '^food of the highest quality'* as 
claimed.) 

Beale, W. C, Fish Co., Eastport, Me. 
* English Plum Pudding. 
257 



258 1001 TESTS 



Cream Whip Co., Cleveland, Ohio. 

(N) Cream Whip. (Essentially a viscogen product 
(calcium sucrate or lactate) the use of which 
enables a thin cream (14%) to masquerade as a 
superior product, a heavy cream containing 
about 30 per cent, of fat being desirable for 
whipping ordinarily. Not harmful, and might 
be used by the housewife in emergencies, hut not 
to be recommended for general use as it lends 
itself too readily to fraudulent purposes to be 
approved.) 

Curtis, Emma E., Melrose, Mass. 

(N) Snowflake Marshmallow Creme. (Glucose, gum, 
and sugar, essentially. Not a ^' creme'' in any 
true sense of the word but is of characteristic 
marshmallow composition. Not an ^'acceptable 
substitute for cream,'' even when thinned with 
milk as suggested, either as to nutritive value 
or deliciousness. Harmless but not of star qual- 
ity.) 

Fruit Puddine Co., Baltimore, Md. 

(D) Puddine — Almond. (No flavor distinguishable — 
no weight declared. Cost double the price of 
plain cornstarch.) 

(N) Puddine, Chocolate flavored. (Hardly '^ choco- 
late" — rather cocoa and very little of that.) 

(D) Puddine, Cream Vanilla Flavored. (Notice of 
Judgment 3329 condemned this product on the 



DESSERTS 259 

ground that artificial flavor was used while term 
"fruit flavored' ' indicated genuine flavors.) 

(D) Puddine — Lemon Flavored. {A minute amount 
of coal tar dye, probably one of the permitted 
colors {Naphthol Yellow S). Flavor could not 
be identified; not probable that it is a true fruit 
fla/vor.) 

(D) Puddine — Orange. {A small amount of coal tar 
dye, probably a permitted color {Naphthol Yel- 
low S.), Flavor not at all distinctive; not prob- 
able that it is a true "fruit" flavor, though 
harmless.) 

(D) Puddine — Rex Vanilla. {These products are all 
harmless but consist of cornstarch with a little 
rather indifferent flavoring material. Price 
high at 9 cents for 6 ounces considering quality. 
Why not buy cornstarch straight at 10 cents for 
16 ounces and add your own good flavoring "i) 
Hamilton, S. C, Ann Arbor, Mich. 

(N) Creme Fouette. {The usual preparation of su- 
crate of lime, to assist in the whipping of thin 
cream or rich milk, thus enabling it to masquer- 
ade as a richer product. Not injurious but lends 
itself to fraud and might do injury by making 
it possible to keep whipped cream for too long 
periods without proper refrigeration.) 
Hoenshel and Emery, Lincoln, Nebraska. 

* Old English Plum Pudding. {Name slightly ob- 



^0 1001 TESTS 



jectionahlef and no net weight declared on the 
package as is now required. Good quality.) 
Hills Bros. Co., New York City. 

* Dromedary Cocoanut. (About one-third sugar — 

hoth glycerin and sugar declared on label.) 
Knox, Chas. B., Co., Montreal, Canada, and Johnstown, 
New York. 
i^ Acidulated Gelatine. (Citric acid is offered in a 
separate package — not mixed with the gelatine 
which is of good quality except for the small 
amount of sulphur dioxid present, found in 
nearly all gelatines. We are not in favor of 
substituting citric acid for fresh lemon juice. 
Citric acid is less wholesome and the housekeeper 
should use fresh lemon juice.) 

* Plain Sparkling Gelatine. 
"Lady Betty," Brookline, Mass. 

* Lady Betty Mince Meat. 
Parmelee Manufacturing Co., Buffalo, N. Y. 

(N) Eg-Save. (Accurately labeled as containing 
starch, casein, egg albumen, carbonate of soda 
and a vegetable dye — but can ^^save eggs'' only 
at the sacrifice of nutrition and quality and 
could not be considered a *'star" product in any 
sense. Obviously colored to conceal inferiority 
and simulate egg yolk which is not present.) 
Raffeto, G. B., New York City. 

* French Marrons. (About 8 per cent, of glucose 

in syrup, presence declared on label.) 



DESSERTS 261 

Smith, B. D., Newark, N. J. 

(N) Shure-Whip. (Essentially sucrate of lime. 
Harmless but easily adapted to the perpetration 
of fraud if used in hotels, etc., for thickening 
thin milk or poor cream for sale. Might he per- 
missible for occasional use by the housewife in 
an emergency only.) 

Three Miller's Co., Boston, Mass. 

(N) Three Millers Marshmallow. (About 65 per cent, 
glucose, with 22 per cent, of sugar and a little 
egg albumen. A legitimate ^^ marshmallow'^ 
mixture but when offered to take the place of 
whipped cream, and as a ^ ' nutritioUrS^ ^ food 
product, can not be approved. Was also short 
weight. Price high considering composition.) 

White Stokes Co., Inc., Chicago, 111. 

(N) Mallo Icing and Topping. (Sugar, glucose 
(about 58 per cent.), a little egg albumen, starch 
and vanilla. Harmless, but statement that it 
*^ effects a great saving in eggs and cream while 
producing more satisfactory results' ' is not cor- 
rect. ''Food values are not sacrificed'' is an- 
other misleading statement,) 



IX. EXTRACTS 

American Products Co., Cincinnati, 0. 

Zanol Flavoring Extracts. 

(N) Cloves. 

(N) Peppermint. 

(N) Lemon. 

(N) Celery. 

(N) Nutmeg. 

(N) Almond. 

{Typical solid extracts consisting of a glyc- 
erin, gum, and sugar hose impregnated hy the 
flavoring materials. Such flavors as lemon and 
vamlla do not lend themselves so well to this 
form; authenticity of almond and lemon flavors 
was doubtful — prohaUy reenforced. Slur upon 
alcoholic extracts entirely unwarranted and 
misleading to buyer. Products are harmless.) 
Carey Co., Newark, N. J. 

* Vanilla Bouquet. (A standard vanilla extract. 
Practically impossible to verify claim that it is 
made from the Mexican vanilla bean.) 
Heller, B., and Co., Chicago, 111. 

(N) Vanheller. (Merely an imitation vanilla extract 
and should be so labeled instead of carrying a 
fancy name suggestive of vanilla. The sublabel 

262 



DESSERTS 263 

honestly declares the product to he a '^synthetic 
flavoring combining vanillin and coumarin with 
caramel color.' ^ Harmless and sold for about 
one-third the price of true vanilla.) 
Sauer, C. F., and Co., Richmond, Va. 

* Lemon Extract, F. F. V. Brand. (About twice 

the minimum strength called for by the stand- 
ard, but slightly short weight.) 

* Orange Extract, F. F. V. Brand. (Same com- 

ment.) 

* Vanilla, F. F. V. Brand. (An authentic vanilla 

extract but the presence of even a harmless col- 
oring like caramel gives a false idea of strength 
by deepening color and should be declared on the 
label, whether added as such or produced during 
the process of manufacture. ) 

* Sauer 's Pure Concentrated Extract Vanilla. 

* Raspberry Flavor. (Same comment as on the 

strawberry. ) 

* Strawberry Extract, F. F. V. Brand. (Full 

weight and greatly improved as compared with 
previous synthetic flavors. Practically made 
from the natural fruits though probably reen- 
forced.) 
Sherer-Gillett Co., Chicago, 111. 

* High Grade Extract Almond. 

* High Grade Lemon Extract. 

* High Grade Extract of Orange. 

* High Grade Extract Vanilla. 



X. FISH (CANNED, DEIED, ETC.) 

Beale, W. C, Fish Co., Eastport, Me. 

* Boned Cod Steaks. 

* Fleecy Codfish. 

* Boned Herring. 

* Lunch. Herring. 

* Finnan Haddie. {Not the true imported Scotch 

product — strictly speaking should he labeled 
^^Fimmn Haddie" type or style,) 
(N) Jellied Lobster. {Bather finely shredded lobster 
in liquid — gelatine present but did not solidify 
after being on ice several days. Not unwhole- 
some but lacking in quality and was not ^^ jel- 
lied.'') 
Beziers, Rene, Douarnenez, Brittany, France. 

* Yacht Club Sardines, Plain. {Weight satisfactory 

— best product of the three; manipulation may 
affect flavor somewhat.) 
i^ Yacht Club Sardines — without bones. {Not a very 
distinctive flavor and fish rather large. Slightly 
short weight. *^ Delicate flavor" claimed.) 

* Yacht Club Sardines — without bones or skin. 

{Net weight should be given.) 
Borgen, C, Packing Co., Stavanger, Norway. 

(D) Carnival Sardines. {Tin corroded and twice the 

264 



FISH (CANNED, DRIED, ETC.) 265 

amount of dissolved tin found that is permitted 
hy regulation. Not true sardines — but labeling 
'^Norwegian sardines'' is permitted by ruling,) 
(N) Sardines in pure olive oil. {Not properly labeled 
— these are not true sardines {pilchards) and 
even the lax regulation requires labeling '^Nor- 
way Sardines,'' These are really sprats or her- 
ring. Good products but misleading labeling,) 
Bumham and Morrill Co., Portland, Me. 

* Clams. {Slack fill — drained weight of clam meat 

not as much as it should have been but quality 
was good and as the standard net weight con- 
tents of these packages was under discussion at 
the time product could not be condemned on one 
or two samples.) 
ik Machias Bay Lobster. 
Cape Cod Products Co., North Truro, Mass. 

* Cape Cod Butter Fish. 

Corby Commission Co., New York City. 

* Clover Leaf Salmon. {Manufacturer's or packer's 

Tiame should be given. Commission products of 
this kind may vary in quality and origin from 
time to time.) 

Crosse and Blackwell, London, Eng. 

* Kippered Herring. 

ic Yarmouth Bloaters — ^Mild Cured. 
Jones* Sons, Alfred, Bangor, Maine. 

* Finnan Haddie. 



266 1001 TESTS 



Los Angeles Canning Co., Long Beach, Calif. 

* Tuna, Panama Brand. 
Tokstad, R., Stavanger, Norway. 

* Normanna Kippered Herring. 

* Normanna Young Mackerel. 

* Normanna Brand, Norwegian Sardines. {Not the 

true sardine or ^'pilchard" but this labeling is 
officially permitted. Should be labeled ^^spraV 
or ''herring'^ as the case may be.) 
(N) Normanna Sardines in Tomato Sauce. {Tin con- 
tent too high, just within legal limits (300 parts 
per million). No true sardines are found in 
Norway but this form of labeling is permitted 
by Federal regulation.) 



XII. HOUSEHOLD EEMEDIES AND 
DISINFECTANTS 

Bolton Chemical Corp., New York City. 

(N) Listogen Antiseptic. {A good antiseptic mixture 
of U. S. P. peroxid of hydrogen, with certain 
essential oils — remedial claims however greatly 
exaggerated and acetanilid, is present, not per- 
mitted in Pharmacopoeial peroxid. To claim 
^^ Successful treatment of asthma/' etc., hy in- 
halation of any antiseptic, however good, her- 
ders on the patent medicine field.) 

Bunte Brothers, Cliicago, 111. 

i< Cough Drops. (A strongly mentholated candy — 
slight flavor of hoarhound. No extravagant 
claims — merely to ^^give relief and comfort," 
and ''stop a ticMeJ' Eememher that a ''relief" 
does not remove the cause. The only danger in 
these products is the false sense of security that 
they may give.) 

Certone Co., New York City. 

(D) Certone Tablets. {Said to he the "greatest dis- 
covery in the world to make flesh, give strength, 
and build up your system to lasting good con- 
dition." Quite a large amount of iron and lime 
found with small amounts of salt, sodium sul- 

267 



^68 1001 TESTS 



phate, carbonates and silica, phosphates and 
sugars. Claims are perfectly absurd, though 
iron has tonic value in some conditions and lime 
and phosphoric acid enter into the building of 
certain tissues. Milk, eggs, whole cereals, nuts, 
and the like would be much more apt to *^make 
flesh,' ^ and the ingredients represent no ^^new 
discovery." A typical patent medicine propa- 
ganda.) 

Cheseborough Manufacturing Co., New York City. 
(N) Camphorated Vaseline. {A good product contain- 
ing camphor but statement on label that it is 
''an efficient remedy for rheumatism, gout, neu- 
ralgia, catarrh, etc., can not be tolerated.) 
* Oxide of Zinc Ointment, Benzoinated. {True to 
percentage composition as declared but 
amount of benzoin is hardly sufficient to warrant 
its presence on the label. While claims are 
slightly broad it is true that such an oint- 
ment is recognized as generally useful in the 
treatment of wounds, sores, etc.) 
^ Vaseline Analgic. {A medicated vaseline as de- 
scribed on label. Claims somewhat elaborate 
— of course is only palliative and for temporary 
relief in cases of rheumatism, etc.) 

Cinnakol Chemical, Sales Co., Bayonne, N. J. 

(N) Cinnakol Disinfectant. (A good product but 
claims as to efficiency and absolute harmless- 
ness can not be guaranteed. While not ac- 



HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 269 

tually carbolic it is a mixture of phenolic com- 
pounds closely allied to carholic. Was not 
found to he 7 times as efficient as carbolic as 
claimed. ) 

Daggett and Ramsdell, New York City, 

(N) Headache Cologne. (Merely a mentholated co- 
logne — short measure. Could give only very 
superficial relief due to coolness produced by 
menthol and evaporation of alcohol. Claims not 
extreme but slightly misleading even so.) 

De Pree Chemical Co., Chicago, 111. 

:Ar San Tox Boro-Thymol. {A good antiseptic prep- 
aration refreshingly free from false and extrava- 
gant claims. Only criticism is that amount of 
alcohol was, according to our deter minatio-n, 
overstated on the label by 2 per cent.) 
* San Tox Carbolized Witch Hazel Salve. (A good 
antiseptic salve definitely and conservatively la- 
beled, with the exception that '^ witch hazeV is 
not an important ingredient and can not be 
identified in the presence of the camphor and 
carbolic. Unfortunate that it has so prominent 
a place in the name of the product.) 

Foley and Co., Chicago, 111. 

(D) Citrolax. {A laxative consisting essentially of 
baking soda, magnesium citrate and a little 
phenolphthalein ; "a nascent double salt of citro- 
tartrate of sodium and potassium,'^ claimed. 
Recommended for headache, indigestion, bad 



^70 1001 TESTS 



blood, biliousness, etc. The promiscuous and 
continued use of cathartics is most threatening 
and objectionable — not necessarily even a relief 
for troubles mentioned — this depends on the 
cause.) 

Gauss, C. E., Marshall, Mich. 

(D) Gauss Catarrh Elixir and Catarrh Balm. {The 
elixir is an alcoholic solution of cathartics 
and vegetable drugs of little or no therapeutic 
value offered as a '^ blood purifier.'* The balm 
is a vaseline ointment containing such well 
known antiseptics as menthol, thymol, eucalyp- 
tol, etc. Claims made as a catarrh cure abso- 
lutely unwarranted.) 

General Purification Co., Madison, Wis. 

(D) B. K. Germicide. {Contains hypochlorites as 
claimed, but tests show an efficiency varying 
from 10 to 4: (10 claimed), and almost no ef- 
ficiency in the presence of organic matter which 
would unfit it for outhouses, etc., for which it 
is especially recommended. Is unstable rather 
than *^ fixed and stable*' as claimed. Medicinal 
claims also objectionable.) 

International Laboratories, Binghamton, New York. 
(D) Parmint. {The only ingredients identified in this 
mixture were alcohol, chloroform, and small 
amounts of sugars, menthol, and some oil re- 
sembling eucalyptol. This product is advertised 
with patent medicine claims as'^a standard rem- 



HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 271 



edy for catarrh'' ''in England and France!'* 
Deafness J asthma, and Ironchitis are ''all treated 
hy purifying and enriching the blood by this 
remedy." Chloroform and alcohol, would be 
largely if not entirely responsible far any tem- 
porary effects produced.) 

Kent, Chester, and Co., Boston^ Mass. 

(D) Vinol. {Called "a real cod liver oil preparation 
far superior to the old fashioned cod liver oil," 
but depends chiefly upon "medicinal extractives 
of cod livers," 18 per cent, of alcohol and a 
small amount of iron for its effects. Is not ef- 
ficacious as a "strengthening tonic" as the ex- 
cluded oil is the most important part of such 
preparations. Feeding experiments showed cod 
liver oil to have a marked superiority as a source 
of nutriment over Vinol and similar prepara- 
tions. Note that it contains twice as much al- 
cohol as a good wine. Claims made for this 
preparation might lead to its disastrous use by 
invalids, etc., depending tipon it for nutrition.) 
(N) Saxo Salve. {An antiseptic soothing salve con- 
taining free sulphur, phenol and zinc oxid. 
These are recognized palliatives but the claim 
that this preparation is "a scientific remedy 
for skin diseases" can not be approved. Ec- 
zema must be treated according to its form, stage 
of development, etc.) 



272 1001 TESTS 



Oil Products Co., Inc., New York City. 

(D) Usoline Oil. {One of the many mineral oils sold 
under a fancy name for use m constipation. 
This one however did not comply with the sul- 
phuric acid test and so is not deemed suitable 
for internal use; moreover in connection with 
unsatisfactory composition extravagant claims 
are mxide as to superior quality ^'The only per- 
fect product of this line,'* ''Oils of the commer- 
cial quality are not suitable for internal use,*' 
etc.) 

Piatt, Henry B., New York City. 

(N) Piatt's Chlorides. {Revised label improved 
claims, hut product has hut little value as a 
germicide and practically none in the presence 
of organic matter. Hence recommended uses 
for garbage cans, in epidemics, typhoid, etc, can 
not he approved. Inert material, including 84 
per cent, of water declared on lahel.) 

Prophytol Products Co., Eichmond, Va. 

(N) Prophytol Antiseptic Solution. {Essentially a 
formaldehyde preparation with essential oils, 
37 per cent, of alcohol an important item. La- 
hel and claims much improved hut still too 
strong for unqualified approval. Irritating ef- 
fect of formaldehyde not removed hut only 
masked hy essential oils. Thymol, boric acid, 
and potassium chlorate also said to be present 
m very small amounts.) 



HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 273 

Sasso, P., and Figli, Oneglia, Italy. 

(D) Sasso 's Medicinal Olive Oil. {A good olive oil 
with much exaggerated medicinal claims, A 
very small amount of iodin added apparently to 
compete with cod liver oil. Diseases ^^pecul- 
iarly cured^' hy this oil and for which it is 
'^highly recommended^* include diabetes, ec- 
zema, paralysis, heart disease, epilepsy, etc.) 
(N) Sasso 's Emulsion. {An emulsion of about one: 
fourth olive oil with glycerin and very small 
amounts of glycerophosphates of lime, of du- 
bious tonic value. Not harmful but can not 
approve its prescription for teething infants, 
scrofula, pidmonary troubles, etc. Think 
straight oli/ve oil 100 per cent, and no free 
glycerin would be more helpful. Also decidedly 
short weight.) 

Standard Oil Co., Bayonne, N. J. 

* Nujol. {A very good quality of liquid petrola- 
turn purified to fit it for use as an internal lubri- 
cant; useful in treatment of constipation as 
stated. Not absorbed by the body at all — effect 
purely mechanical. Slightly short weight and 
price is high. Approved on purity, usefulness, 
and moderate cladms») 



Xm. LAED, CHEESES, BUTTER, AND 
THEIR SUBSTITUTES 

Berlin Mills Co., Portland, Me. 

* Kream Krisp. (Eydrogenized cottonseed oil. A 

good cooking fat, hut does not take the place of 
butter from a nutritive point of view. Economy 
claims rather exaggerated.) 
Crosse and Blackwell, London, England. 

* Grated Parmesan Cheese. {True to type heing 

made of skim milk as stated, containing only 19 
per cent, of fat as compared with 34 per cent, 
in full cream cheese. Is an Italian cheese and 
if made in England should he so labeled or 
marked ^'Parmesan Type.'') 
Downey, Jas. T., and Co., Chicago, 111. 

(N) Oleomargarine — Downey's Delight. {A good oleo 
— objections are solely to its short weight, claim 
of ^^rich and delicious,'' and the fact that color- 
ing matter is sold with it. The latter practice is 
illegal in some states and enables hotel keepers, 
etc., to sell oleo as butter. The color itself is 
harmless, and the product a wholesome one.) 

(N) Oleomargarine — Sweet Marie. (A little richer in 
hutter fat than the ' 'Downey 's Delight. ' ' Same 
criticisms obtain.) 

274 



LARD, CHEESE, BUTTER S75 

Kraft, J. L., and Bros. Co., New York City. 

* Elkhorn Cream Cheese. (Slightly short weight.) 
(N) Elkhorn Tasty Cheese. {Slightly short weight 

and high priced. Not especially rich and not 
economical, as claimed — selling at about 50 cents 
a pound.) 
(N) Elkhorn Pimento Cheese. (A fair product hut 
over half water and sold at the rate of 50 cents 
a pound. Less fat and more water than other 
approved products.) 
Monroe Cheese Co., Monroe, N. Y. 

* Liederkranz Cheese. 
^oxley, Wm. J., Chicago, III. 

(N) Moxley's Gold Seal Oleomargarine. {A good oleo 
containing considerable butter. Sale of color 
with the package is deemed an evasion of the law 
and would make possible its sale as butter in 
lunch rooms, etc.) 

(N) Moxley's Special Oleomargarine. {A good oleo 
which is a cheap, nutritious butter substitute 
when honestly sold. Not ^'an ideal table deli- 
cacy^' at all and sale of color with the product 
is deemed an evasion of the law which would 
permit the sale of oleo as butter in hotels, etc.) 
>aute Products Corporation, Chicago, 111. 

^ Sawtay. (A cooking fat made essentially from 
cocoanut oil, which is much esteemed as an edible 
fat. The claims made however that it produces 
more palatable and more digestible products 



276 1001 TESTS 



than butter, lard and cottonseed oU, are not sus- 
ceptible of convincing proof and should he dis- 
counted.) 
Tokstad, R., Stavanger, Norway. 

(N) Normanna Zig Zag Cheese. {A wholesome, tasty 
cheese well put up in 4 individual portions in a 
tin. Not in my opinion proper to call this 
product even ^^Gamembert style' ^ — a Norwegian 
product only remotely resembling true French 
Camembert.) 



XIV. MEATS (CANNED, DEIED, ETC.) 

Armour and Co., Chicago, 111. 

* Star Slab Bacon. 

* Star Sliced Bacon. 

* Star Ham. 

Beech-Nut Packing Co., Canajoharie, N. Y. 

lAr Beech-Nut Ham. (Short weight largely accounted 
for hy low moisture content — dried out after 
ufrapping. No net weight statement now re- 
quired on hams.) 

Chinese American Food Co., New York City. 

"k Mushroom Chop Suey. (Only a small amount of 
chicken with beef, mushrooms, etc. No special 
objection to product which does not however 
seem well adapted to canning.) 

Deerfoot Farm, Southborough, Mass. 

* Deerfoot Farm Sausage. 
Frank, L., and Sons, Milwaukee, Wis. 

* Braunschweiger Style Liver Sausage. (Name 

slightly objectionable — no way of determining 
how closely it complies with foreign product. 
If ^'made a^ only Frank knows how'* they can 
not be made according to foreign recipes. Fresh 
meats of this type marketed at long distances 
call for most carefid handling to preclude dan- 
277 



278 1001 TESTS 



gerous decomposition. Products are acceptable 
as to flavor and composition. ) 

* Braunschweiger Style Meat Wurst. (Same com- 

ment.) 

* Frankforts. (Small sausages of cured meats; are 

relatively much safer.) 

(N) French Meat Cheese. (Same comment, this prod- 
uct not even marked ^Hype'' or *' style.'') 

(N) Kaiser Jagd Wurst. (Same comment as on other 
samples — put up in large case and slightly de- 
composed where cut.) 

* Quality Frankforts. 

* Tongue Luncheon. (Calls for careful handling.) 
(N) Vienna Braided Sausage. (Same comment — not 

even marked ''style'' or *'type.") 
Holly, C. B., and Co., Holliston, Mass. 

* Boiled Chicken. (Very good quality, though 

price is rather high — 85 cents for about 1 pound 
and 7 ounces. No net weight stated on package 
as now required.) 
Hormel, Geo. A., and Co., Austin, Minn. 

* Pork Sausage, Dairy Brand. 
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111. 

* Libby 's Sliced Bacon. (Not so thoroughly cured 

as when not packed in glass jars — should he 
handled with care after opening.) 

* Cooked Ox Tongues. 
Morris and Company, Chicago, 111. 

* Supreme Bacon. 



MEATS 279 



* Supreme Ham. 

Squire, John P., and Co., Boston, Mass. 

* Sliced Bacon, Arlington Brand. 
S. and S. Co., Chicago, 111. 

* Sulzberger's Majestic Sliced Bacon. (Sliced hacon 

in glass container is an uneconomic and unnec- 
essary vxiy of handling a salt meat; cost about 
65 cents per cound.) 
Swift and Co., Chicago, 111. 

* Premium Bacon. (Slah,) 

Vogt, F. G., and Sons, Inc., Philadelphia. 

(N) Scrapple Liberty Brand. (No standard for this 
product hut it contained more water a/nd much 
less meat than other products of this kind. 
Potassium nitrate and tin also present in minute 
amx>unts. Not adapted to tinning,) 



XV. OLIVE OILS, ETC. 

Callahan, George, and Ca., New York City. 

(N) Callahan's Special Olive Oil. {Extravagant 
medicinal claims which cannot he tolerated, al- 
though the quality of oil is good.) 

Calve-Delft, Delft, Holland. 

(N) Delft Peanut Oil. {An authentic peanut oil. Is 
not ^^ matchless for mayonnaise and other salad 
dressings'^ — heing of a hland, characterless 
flavor. Could compete with cottonseed oil hut 
not with olive oil. Price should he lower — 
nearer that of cottonseed.) 

Italian Importing Co., New York City. 

(N) Holy Father Olive Oil. {A good standard oil. 
Not starred solely hecause of misleading use of 
Pope's name and figure on lahel.) 

Migliore, J., Belmonte, Italy. 

* Florentine Lily Olive Oil. {Superior to other 

hrand examined in acidity content. Quality 
claims justified to this extent.) 

* Virgin Olive Oil. {A true olive oil hut acidity a 

little high on sample examined. Very slightly 
short weight.) 
Windermere Ranch, LaMirada, California. 

* McNally's Olive Oil. 



280 



XVI. PRESERVES, PICKLES, ETC. 

California Fruit Canners' Assn., San Francisco, Cal. 

* Olives, Del Monte Brand. {Good hui hardly *' Ex- 

tra Quality/^ Loose use of such terms on 
canned goods is regrettable hut general.) 
Cape Cod Products Co., North Truro, Mass. 

* Beach Plum Jelly. 

* Piccalilli. 

Crosse and Blackwell, London, Eng. 

* Pickled White Onions. 

* Sweet Pickle. 

Cudahy, John, Fig Products Co., Chicago, IlL 

* Fig Marmalade. 

* Orange Marmalade. 

* Pineapple Marmalade. 

Grape Fruit Products Co., Inc., Watertown, N. Y. 

* Grape Fruit Ola Marmalade. 
Heinz, H. J., Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. 

* Apple Butter. {Slightly short weight.) 
ii^ Grape Fruit Marmalade. 

* Spanish Queen Olives. {Net weight was correct 

including liquid, hut should preferahly refer to 
weight of olives only; about 3 ounces of hrine 
and 4 ounces of olives found.) 
281 



1001 TESTS 



Kidd, Mrs. E. G., Inc., Richmond, Va. 

* Pin Money Mixed Pickles. 

"Lady Betty," Brookline, Mass. 

-k Lady Betty Golden Conserve. (Moisture content 
rather high for a ^* conserve' ' hut over weight 
and excellent quality in general.) 

* Lady Betty's Grapefruit and Orange Marmalade. 

* Lady Betty Mustard Pickle. (Colored with tur- 

meric, a harmless vegetable dye, and apparently 
some added starch present. Would not he per- 
mitted in a mustard without declaration hut in a 
mixed product of this hind may he deemed 
barely permissible. Forty -five cents for 20 
ounces is rather high.) 

* Lady Betty Pepper Relish. (Net weight not given 

and price rather high — 10 cents for 22 ounces — 
three-fourths water.) 

* Lady Betty's Pineapple-Orange Marmalade. 

* Lady Betty Piccalilli. 

Ridge wood Orchard, Winchester, Va. 

i^ Mint Jelly. (A good apple jelly flavored with 
mint and so labeled.) 

Sulzberger and Sons Co., Chicago, 111. 

* Pride Pure Apple Butter. 

* Pride Pure Crabapple Jelly. 

;(N) Colonial Brand Pure Fruit Jam. (35 per cent, 
raspberry and 65 per cent, apple and sugar. 
Really an apple jam flavored with raspberry. 



PRESERVES, PICKLES, ETC, 



A cheap wholesome product honestly labeled hut 
not of star quality — short weight,) 
(N) Colonial Brand Pure Fruit Jam. (33 per cent, 
strawberry and 65 per cent, apple and sugar. 
Short weight, and amount of strawberry small 
— barely flavors the jam. A cheap, wholesome 
product honestly labeled, but not of high qual- 
ity.) 



XVII. SUaAES AND SACCHARINE 
PRODUCTS 

Alexander Molasses Co., Chicago, 111. 

* Dove Brand Molasses. {A minute amount of 

sulphur dioxid {not more than 70 parts per 
million) is tolerated because of Government 
ruling permitting 350 parts! Only 46 parts per 
million found in this product which is a good 
standard article in other respects. Hardly ** su- 
preme quality '^ nor ^'ahsolutely pure^^ with even 
this amount of 80^ present.) 

Charles and Co. (Distributors), New York City. 

(N) Vermont Maple Syrup. {Water content too high. 
Invert sugars also too high, indicating fermenta- 
tion or carelessness in manufacture. Other data 
indicate a true maple sugar with no cane sugar 
added.) 

Heather— The Highlands, Wilmington, Vt. 

* Vermont Maple Syrup. {Very informal label 

bearing no net weight; product, however, is best 
of its kind examined, showing that a fine syrup 
does conform to the Government requirements 
and averages.) 
Oelrich & Berry Co., Chicago, 111. 

(N) Old Manse Brand Syrup. {Made from cane sugar 
cmd Canmdian Maple as labeled but only about 

284 



SACCHARINE PRODUCTS 285 

20 per cent, or less of maple was found and pic- 
ture of maple camp is rather misleading. 
Really should be labeled ''flavored with maple.'' 
''Absolutely pure'' claim especially objection- 
able on a product of this kind.) 

Penick and Ford, Ltd., New Orleans, La. 

(N) Brer Babbitt Molasses. {Amount of sugar pres- 
ent rather low, and water rather high; amount 
of sulphur well within our permitted limits. 
Not adulterated but not of high quality.) 
(D) Orla Molasses. {Heavily sulphured — 459 parts 
per million and only 350 are permitted. About 
a second molasses as far as sugar content is 
concerned.) 

Root, A. I., Co., Medina, 0. 
* Honey. 



XVIII. TOILET AETICLES 

COLD CREAMS 

De Pree Chemical Company, Chicago, 111. 

* San Tox Cold Cream. {A typical cleansing or 

massage cream, containing wax, soap, petrola- 
tum, and horacic acid. No extreme claims 
made.) 
(N) San Tox Peroxidized Cream. {A good cream of 
the ^* vanishing '' or glycerin type but does not 
contain enough peroxid to warrant the name. 
Ingredients named on the label must be present 
in detectable amounts or no characteristic result 
can be expected. No peroxid could be found in 
the finished product.) 
if[ San Tox Shaving Cream. {A good product about 
40 per cent, soap; glycerine and boracic acid 
present. No free alkali found.) 

Ingram, F. F., Co., Detroit, Mich. 

(D) Ingram's Milkweed Brand Cream. {Is not '^per- 
fectly harmless,'^ and is not a '^ powerful skin 
food" — on the contrary is a grease product con- 
taining ammoniated mercury, a poisonous salt, 
with zinc oxid and bismuth.) 

La Valliere Co., The, New Orleans, La. 

* Creme La Valliere. (Peroxide Vanishing Cream.) 

{Cream is true to type; stearic acid is found and 

286 



TOILET ARTICLES 287 

so is not literally ^'greaseless.'^ Peroxide is 
present and quality is excellent.) 
Lillian Russell's Own Toilet Preparations, 2160 Broad- 
way, New York. 

(N) Lillian Russell's Cleansing Cream. {A delicately 
perfumed, fine cold cream for cleansing pur- 
poses hut no basis found for claims that it will 
^^ whit en any skin/' or has it any special ^^ heal- 
ing qualities.'') 

(D) Lillian Russell's Skin Nutrient. {Appears to he 
the usual cold cream perfumed and tinted. 
There are no ''shin foods" — the shin cannot he 
nourished from without, as absorption is too 
slight. Such claims as these have heen con- 
demned in the courts. {See N. J. 16 and 82 
Sartoin and Madame Yale's shin foods.)) 

(D) Lillian Russell's Smootli-Out. {Apparently an 
unmedicated cold cream — which, however, sep- 
arates on standing — may he made with special 
oils, such as cocoanut or palm, or olive — hut 
none of the usual astringents or antiseptics could 
he identified. Healing claims not warranted, 
whatever the composition might he.) 
Magda Co., Chicago, 111. 

(N) Magda Toilet Cream. {A very good cold cream 
of the usual mineral oil or vaseline type. 
Borated. Could he approved hut for claim 
''Especially adapted for feeding wasted tissues" 



1001 TESTS 



and the inference that the ordinary creams of 
the shops are apt to he injurious.) 

Mounier, Ernest, Boston, Mass. 

lAr Mounier 's Creme au Benzoin. {A good henzoin 
glycerin lotion. The claim ^'A superior quince 
seed lotion'^ is not substantiated; if quinceseed 
is used at all it is in such form {extract) and 
such small quantity that it cannot be detected. 
Sub-label should be corrected.) 

National Toilet Co., Paris, Term. 

(D) Nadinola Skin Purifier. {A typical freckle re- 
mover containing bismuth and mercury. Not a 
''shin purifier/^ and could not ''clear the shin of 
blemishes.^' Mercury might be dangerous, as it 
is a poisonous metal.) 

Peninsular Chemical Co., Detroit, Mich. 

(N) Penslar Buttermilk Cerate. {Lactic acid present, 
indicating presence of some buttermilk. Hardly 
a true cerate as no white wax was found. 
Product could have been approved but for claims 
that it "affords nourishment to the underlying 
tissues.' ' The skin cannot be fed in any such 
way.) 
JiB) Penslar Lilac Face Cream. {A very greasy 
cleansing cream with zinc oxid for which the 
following misleading claims are made: "An 
admirable skin food/' "capable of being ab- 
sorbed by the skin and so penetrating to its 
deeper structures. ' ' ) 



TOILET ARTICLES 289 

(N) Penslar Vaniskiiig Face Cream. {Consists of 
stearic acid and soap essentially. Is not en- 
tirely free from greasy or oily characteristics as 
claimed. Harmless, hut claims extravagant.) 
Pompeian Manufacturing Co., Cleveland, 0. 

* Pompeian Night Cream. (A very good cold cream 

of the petrolatum type, containing also horic 
acid, and soap. Delicately perfumed and pleas- 
ant to use hut very expensive — like all small 
packages — 29 cents for ahout 2 ounces means 
$2.32 per pound. No cold cream replenishes the 
oils of the skin except in a very superficial man- 
ner, as the skin is only slightly ahsorhent. 

Racarma, Detroit, Mich. 

(N) Cream (L 'Esprit de lilas Creme fugitif). {A 
typical vanishing cream, glycerin hase. Could 
not approve extreme quality and superlative 
claims.) 

Stearns, Detroit, Mich. 

* Cold Cream, Suprema Violet. {A good cream, 

petrolatum type, for cleansing purposes. 
Softer and more greasy than the massage 
cream.) 

* Massage Cream, Suprema. {An effective massage 

cream, somewhat stiff er than the plain cleansing 
cream; glycerine type.) 
Stein, M., Cosmetic Co., New York City. 

* Alpine Cold Cream — Stein's Theatrical Make-up. 

{A good cold cream of the vaseline type for mas- 



^90 1001 TESTS 



sage and cleansing purposes. Contains horic 
acid. Ueasonahle in price — 75 cents for almost 
a pound — small packages of fancy creams are 
vastly more expensive.) 
Williams, J. B., Co., Glastonbury, Conn. 
* Cold Cream. 



HAIR TONICS, SHAMPOOS, ETC. 

Bay Roma Co., 396 Broadway, New York City. 

(D) Bay Roma. {Contains about 2 per cent, of lead 
acetate and free sulphur. The reaction between 
this poisonous salt and the sulphur is what 
colors the hair. Statement *^Will cause gray 
hair to resume a natural color '^ is therefore mis- 
leading.) 

Cooper Pharmacal Co., Chicago, 111. 

(N) Beta Quinol Scalp Treatment. (Quinine, resor- 
cin, beta naphthol and alcohol were found. 
These are stimulative principles and the product 
has some merit, but claims *^for nourishing the 
roots of the hair'' not permissible. Claims made 
on label arc moderate — newspaper advertising 
objectionable. ) 

De Pree Chemical Co., Chicago, 111. 

* San Tox Eau de Quinine Hair Tonic. {Amount of 
quinine and other solids small — value of all hair 
tonics is limited but claims made for this product 
are conservative.) 

Foso Co., The, Cincinnati, 0. 

(D) Foso Foam. {Antiseptics and alcohol {less than 
declared) found, but not enough of stimulating 
ingredients to warrant claims.) 

291 



29^ 1001 TESTS 



(D) Foso Tonic. {Decidedly less alcohol found than 
declared on label; suspicious tests for wood alco- 
hol obtained; less than half of one per cent, of 
solids of any kind. Could not possibly have the 
tonic properties claimed.) 
Jennings Co., Perfumers, Grand Rapids, Mich. 

* Dorothy Vernon Perfume Quick Shampoo. 

(Merely a liquid soap perfumed; 63 per cent, 
water.) 

Lee, George H., Co., Omaha, ISTeb. 

(N) Liquid Shampoo. {Too much carbonated alkali, 
especially when other soap products are accused 
of ^^robbing the hair of its natural oiV — Apart 
from this is unobjectionable and correctly de- 
scribed.) 

McCullough, George B., Co., Chicago, 111. 

(N) Royal Olive Shampoo Powder. {Virtually a 
Castile soap powder — could have no special ef- 
flcacy in 'removing oils from the hair. Descrip- 
tion and references to special chemical processes 
misleading. Merely a convenient powdered soap 
with an olive oil base. Price high.) 

Stearns, Perfumer, Detroit, Mich. 

* Violet Liquid Shampoo. ($1.00 for six fluid ounces 

is rather high but one-fifth of the material is al- 
cohol, which adds to the cost; 28 per cent, is a 
well balanced soap, containing practically no 
free alkali even carbonated, and perfume is deli- 
cate. No criticism except as to price. No ex- 
treme claims are made.) 



TOILET ARTICLES ^93 

United Drug Co., Boston, Mass. 

(N) Rexall Hair Tonic — 93. {An alcoholic tonic con- 
taining some resorcin, heta-naphthol, and glyc- 
erin — may contain a minute am/)unt of pilo- 
carpin hut the tests were negative. About 2.34 
per cent, of total solids. Product has some 
merit hut claims as to *^ nourishing properties/' 
revitalizing the roots and replenishing the food 
supply, are too strong, for unqualified ap- 
proval.) 

LVioma Co., 970 Rockefeller Building, Cleveland, 0. 
(D) Vioma. (A dry shampoo. The hose is a nitrog- 
enous suhstance resemhling casein and a small 
amount of quinine was found. Would *^ remove 
grease and dust" as claimed, as would any such 
powder hrushed into the hair and out again. 
But ^^ Miraculous results,'' removing dandruff, 
giving ^^new life" to the hair, etc., are absurd 
claims that cannot he approved even in a 
measure. Continuous use of a dry shampoo, 
and no washing might clog the pores and he un- 
desirable. ) 

Watkins, R. L., Co., Cleveland, 0. 

(N) Mulsified Cocoanut Oil. {Name misleading — is 
merely a liquid cocoanut oil soap; is not emulsi- 
fied oil as coined word ^^ mulsified" would lead 
one to think. Harmless and convenient, hut ex- 
pensive relatively as are all liquid soaps.) 



MISCELLANEOUS PREPARATIONS 

Floridine Manufacturing Co., New York City. 

(D) Lustrite Cuticle Ice. (Apparently a mentholated 
petrolatum product sold at an extravagant price 
as ^*an infallible cure for lacerated, inflamed or 
dry cuticW — ^^ highly antiseptic/' ^^more effec- 
tive than cold cream/' etc.) 

(D) Lustrite Cuticle Softener (Antiseptic). {Essen- 
tially a little borax, colored with a coal tar dye 
— absurd claims made as to its being ^'superior 
to soap,'' '^compounded on a scientific for- 
mula," etc. Nineteen cents for two ounces of 
borax is rather high.) 
* Lustrite Hand Velvet. (A good glycerin, gum 
preparation with alcohol. Hardly '^ marvel- 
ous/' but good of its kind.) 

(N) Lustrite Salve Enamel. {A combined salve and 
enamel, i. e., silicious matter, fats, and zinc. 
Antiseptic value slight; 17 cents for about one- 
tenth of an ounce seems exorbitant for a ma- 
terial of no special adaptability or merit.) 
Lillian RusseU's Own Toilet Preparations, 2160 Broad- 
way, New York City. 

(N) Lillian Russell's Lip Stick. {A harmless grease 
product impregnated with a carmine dye. True 
that the grease would not be drying but the color 
294 



TOILET ARTICLES 295 

given is hardly that of Nature, and the softness 
of the lips would he ^^ restored'* just as well hy 
plain vaseline or cold cream, while this product 
sells for 50 cents for about two-tenths of an 
ounce.) 

(D) Lillian Russell's Rejuvenating Powder. ($1.50 
charged for about one ounce of a protein bearing 
powder of some kind (difficult to identify, may 
he of casein or egg origin) ; boric acid found, also 
aluminum, magnesium, etc. Price exorbitant 
and claims impossible for a mixture of this com- 
position or indeed of any composition. Could 
not have a *^ constructive effect*' in ^^ reviving 
old tissues.'*) 
Magique Co., Syracuse, N. Y. 

(D) Magique. {A typical aluminum chlorid solution 
to be used as perspiration check. Might he irri- 
tating and injurious.) 
Oriental Manicure Specialty Co., New York City. 

(N) Lotus Nail Enamel. (Silica and soap essentially. 
Unobjectionable in itself but no foundation of 
extreme claims made.) 

(D) Sutol Rouge. (Not harmful except in so far as 
the continual use of such materials may have a 
coarsening effect. Does not ^^give a color true 
to Nature.") 
Piver, L. T., Paris, France. 

* Azurea Sachets. (A very distinctive spicy odor — 
powder probably largely almond meal.) 



296 1001 TESTS 



Stearns, Perfumer, Detroit, Mich. 

* Supreme Nail Cleanser. {Price high, 50 cents for 
5 ounces. Attractively put up and perfumed. 
Convenient, being a stiff paste of soap, glycerin, 
gum, and alcohol No special efficacy in keep- 
ing ^'the cuticle healthy,'* except as cleanliness 
and massage necessary in its application might 
have this effect. Free from acids and bleaching 
materials.) 

White Cross Toilet Powder Co., New York City. 
(D) White Cross Antiseptic Foot Powder. (A 
slightly antiseptic talcum, boric and salicylic 
acid found. Claims that it is '' universally con- 
ceded to he the best remedy for soft corns and 
callouses,*' and that it ^^ removes all offensive 
odors" entirely unwarranted.) 



PERFUMES 

Daggett and Ramsdell, New York City. 

* Violette Rico Toilet Water. {Bather high priced, 

70 cents for 3.5 ounces.) 
Jennings Co., Perfumers, Grand Rapids, Mich. 

* Dorothy Vernon Toilet Water. 
Peninsular Chemical Co., Detroit, Mich. 

* Sylvodora Eau de Toilette— Red Rose. {Perfume 

not very distinctive hut a toilet water is not ex- 
pected to he heavily perfumed. Price (75 
cents) rather high for quality.) 

* Sylvodora Lilac Vegetal. {The price of one dollar 

for 5 ounces of toilet water of good quality 
seems excessive.) 

* Sylvodora Lilaflor Perfume. {A heavy perfume 

attractively put up — should, however, he almost 
solely essential /)il at this price ($1.25 for 1.6 
fluid drams), hut is an alcoholic extract.) 

* Sylvodora Violator Toilet Water. {High priced 

for quality, 75 cents for a little over three 
ounces.) 
Piver, L. T., Paris, France. 

* Extract Azurea. {A very high priced perfume, 

$1.35 for about 1 fluid ounce. Pleasant hut not 
297 



298 1001 TESTS 



a characteristic, strong essence as would 'be ex- 
pected of a product of this price.) 

Racarma, Detroit, Mich. 

(N) Toilet water, L 'Esprit do Lilas. {No objection 
to product hut superlative and exclusive claims 
as to quality and French origin, though ^'made 
in America,' ' are too extravagant to warrant ap- 
proval.) 

Williams, J. B., Co., Glastonbury, Conn. 
* English Lilac Toilet Water. 



POWDERS 

Babcock, A. P., Co., New York City. 

"k Corylopsis Talcum Powder. (Nearly all talc, not 

horated — very good quality hut slightly short 

weight. ) 
Bendick Company, 60 York Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
(N) No-Talc Toilet Powder. (Principally starch and 

zinc stearate, urith a little zinc oxid. Claims 

very extravagant and denunciation of ^^ talcum'* 

powders not warranted.) 
Colgate and Co., New York City. 

* Baby Talc. (Over three-fourths talc and contain- 

ing about 8 per cent, of boric acid.) 

* Cashmere Bouquet Talc. (Contains a large 

amount of boric acid, about 11 per cent., and 
would therefore have a true antiseptic effect. 
Good quality and moderate claims.) 
(N) Dactylis Talc. (A good toilet powder hut con- 
tains only about one-fourth talc and is therefore 
improperly labeled. Claims rather extreme — 
^* purifying,'* ^^made from formula of a famous 
physician/* etc.) 
(N) Eclat Talc Powder. (A good powder containing 
nearly 10 per cent, of boric acid which should he 
declared on the label.) 
299 



300 1001 TESTS 



De Pree Chemical Co., Chicago, 111. 

* San Tox Bahy Talcum. 
Daggett and Ramsdell, New York City. 

* Debutante Powder. {A very fine powder about 

one-third talcum, not horated.) 

Gordon-Thorne Co., Utica, New York. 

(N) Baby Bunting Toilet Powder. {An interesting 
and disti^ictive powder containing no talcum 
and making a great point of this, as though tal- 
cum were injurious, whereas it forms the hulk of 
all of the powders on the market. This product 
is very heavily horated (26 per cent., over twice 
that found in any other and might he irritat- 
ing), and is ahout half zinc st ear ate. Could he 
approved if it were not for the misleading state- 
ments made as to talcum.) 

Ingram, F. F., Company, Detroit, Mich. 

(N) Ingram's Velveola — The Milkweed Cream Face 
Powder. {A fine white powder largely talcum 
and calcium carhonate. Name of course is 
meaningless.) 

Lillian Russell's Own Toilet Preparations, 2160 Broad- 
way, New York City. 
(D) Lillian Russell's Purity Face Powder. (A good 
powder, half talc, sold 1.4 ounces for one dollar! 
Does not ^'improve the roughest skin,'* in any 
real sense. A harmless product of usual 
quality sold at an exorbitant price.) 



TOILET ARTICLES 301 

National Toilet Co., Paris, Tenn. 

* Nadine Face Powder. (A good compound powder 

containing talc, calcium carbonate, starch, zinc 
oxid and soap. Claims moderate. Price rather 
high.) 
National White Cross League, Chicago, 111. 

(N) Violet Talcum Powder. (Only about half talc and 
amount of boric acid small, considering claim 
*^ strongly antiseptic") 

* White Complexion Powder. {A fine powder con- 

taining about 30 per cent, of talc and some rice 
starch; *^ absolutely pure" claim objectionable as 
always.) 
Peninsular Chemical Co., Detroit, Mich. 

(N) Penslar Lilac Talcum Powder. (Contains about 
60 per cent, of talcum — not enough to warrant 
name — shoidd be called a toilet or face powder 
simply. Boric acid present but not declared, 
A fine powder but not ^ ^ unequaled," as 
claimed. ) 

(D) Poudre de Riz. (About 63 per cent, talc and only 
24 per cent, rice powder. Word ^'Composee" 
in small type does not correct misleading name. 
Should be called a *^Talc and Bice Powder.") 

(N) Velveton Complexion Beautifier. — Flesh and 
White. (A liquid powder, calcium carbonate, 
and zinc oxid suspended in alcohol and ivater. 
Contains a trace of arsenic. Probably harmless 
but expensive (50 cents for 4 ounces) ; name and 



302 1001 TESTS 



claims are misleading, could not ^^ cover all traces 
of sallowness and unsightly blemishes/' as 
stated.) 
(N) Violatalc Toilet Powder Sylvodora. {About 40 
per cent, of talc found in this product, balance 
largely calcium carbonate and silica. Powder is 
fine and unobjectionable except that it should be 
labeled as a face or toilet powder — not a talc 
powder.) 

Piver, L. T., Paris, France. 

(D) Poudre de Kiz Azurea. (Only 40 per cent, rice 
powder, the balance mainly talcum — is therefore 
misbranded. Permissible if sold merely as a 
toilet or face powder.) 

Stearns, Perfumer, Detroit, Mich. 

* Suprema Face Powder. {Roughly calculated 

product is about 45 per cent, rice starch and 45 
per cent, talc, with a notable percentage of zinc 
oxid, less than 10 per cent. Very fine and deli- 
cately perfumed.) 
Talcum Puff Co., New York City. 

* Air Float Talcum Powder. {^^B orated'' only in 

a technical sense, as less than one per cent, ims 
found and this would have no antiseptic effect. 
A very fine powder, 95 per cent, talc, containing, 
however, the usual impurities found in com- 
mercial talcs; superlative claims as to unusual 
purity and superiority not warranted, though it 
is very good.) 



TOILET ARTICLES 



* Air-Float Coiylopsis Talcum Powder. 

* Air-Float Wistaria Talcum Powder. 
Vantine, A. A., New York City. 

* Kutch Sandalwood Talcum Powder. 
Williams, J. B., Co., Glastonbury, Conn. 

(N) La Tosca Rose Talc Powder. {About 70 per cent, 
of talc found and 4 per cent, of boric acid'. 
Should be labeled ^'boratedJ' A good powder,) 



SOAPS 

Bobrick Chemical Co., Los Angeles, Calif. 

(N) Sop-o-zon. {A very good liquid soap, delicately 
perfumed, and giving a soft, pleasant lather. 
Undoubtedly made from vegetable oils as 
claimed, though not from the ^^hest and purest,' ' 
as stated. Highest rating withheld because of 
claim ^ ' carholated" and ^^ antiseptic' '; no car- 
bolic found. Could ^* improve the complexion,'' 
only OS any harmless cleansing agent would do 
so.) 

Chesebrough Mfg. Co., 17 State Street, New York City. 
(N) Vaseline Soap. {A good soap hut carbonated 
alkali found is a little higher than in the best 
soaps and the special claims made are not sub- 
stantiated. Is not ^* perfectly neutral" nor is it 
the *^ cheapest and best soap made.") 

Daggett and Ramsdell, New York City. 

* Perfect Cold Cream Soap. {Only claim to name is 
presence of small amount of unsaponifiable oil or 
petrolatum, and free fatty acid, lather abundant 
and creamy and soft even in cold water. Not of 
markedly superior quality but good. Price 20 
cents.) 

Foso Co., The, Cincinnati, 0. 

(N) Foso Soap. {A residue resembling tar, the only 
ingredient found to substantiate claim ^^very ef- 
ficacious medicinally" ; alkali a little higher than 
304 



TOILET ARTICLES 305 

it should he in a soap mahing such special 
claims for ^^ healing^' properties.) 

Hyde Cleaner and Moth Exterminator Co., Des Moines, 
la. 
(D) H. and H. Cleaner. (May he a good cleaning soap 
hut is entirely too high in carhonated alkali for 
a toilet or hath soap. Is over half water and so 
is not economical.) 

Orona Manufacturing Co., Boston, Mass. 

(N) Orona Lily Cream Soap. (Nearly half water, and 
one-third silica. A convenient preparation for 
travelers, and workers as stated, hut is not a 
true soap and the name is somewhat mislead- 
ing. Only a small amount of carhonated alkali 
found — contains no free caustic alkali.) 
(N) Orona Soap and Cleaner. (About 42 per cent, 
silica and 42 per cent, water — hence economy 
claim is hardly sustained. Practically no free 
alkali and no acids. A good and convenient 
preparation hut claims are very extravagant, 
i. e., *^ Marvelous household cleanser and univer- 
sal toilet soap." 

Packer Manufacturing Co., New York City. 

* Packer's Liquid Tar Soap. (Very little tar can he 
held in solution, hut enough is present to give 
character to the product. Liquid soaps are 
never economical hut are convenient. This 
product has some antiseptic value, due largely to 
alcohol present — some glycerin also found.) 



306 1001 TESTS 



Peninsular Chemical Co., Detroit, Mich. 

(N) Savon Sylvodora Violaflor Soap. {Extravagant 
claims for a good soap with a very faint delicate 
perfume. No free caustic alkali hut carbonated 
alkali not so low as in many cheaper soaps.) 

Pixoap Works, 59 Park Street, London. 

(N) Pixoap Scentless Tar Soap. {Claims made that 
^*all the natural properties of pure tar" are re- 
tained in a ^^ highly concentrated form," when 
there is less than 1 per cent, of tar found. Im- 
possible for a liquid tar soap to fulfill this de- 
scription. Harmless but high priced and over 
praised.) 

Steam's, Detroit, Mich. 

* Violet Soap, Suprema. {A very pleasing soap, 

well made, but high in price when compared 
with cheaper unscented soaps of apparently just 
as good quality.) 
Williams, J. B., Co., Glastonhury, Conn. 

* Carnation Soap. {Perfume not distinctive.) 

* For-Get-Me-Not Soap. {Name meaningless — odor 

not distinctive.) 

if Jersey Cream Toilet Soap. {Name objectionable 
as meaningless and misleading. A good soap 
with less carbonated alkali than the violet soap. ) 

-k Lilac Toilet Soap. 

* Matinee Violet Toilet Soap. {No free alkali, hut 

considerable carbonated alkali reported. Good 
for the price.) 



TOOTH POWDERS, PASTES, ETC. 

De Free Chemical Company, Chicago, 111. 

* San Tox Tooth Paste. 
Graves, Dr. E. L., Chicago, 111. 

(D) Unequaled Tooth Powder. (A good powder con- 
taining calcium carbonate, borate, mtfrrh, methyl 
salicylate, etc., hut sold with such utterly mis- 
leading claims as ^* Removes all germs of dis- 
ease,'^ ^^ Heals soft and bleeding gums,^' which 
no tooth powder could do.) 
National White Cross League. 

* Sanative Tooth Paste. (A smooth paste free from 

grit and containing menthol and salicylic acid. 
Claims mildly extravagant — but is antiseptic 
though not germicidal.) 
New England Laboratory Co., Lynn, Mass. 

(N) Burrill's Tooth Paste. (A good tooth paste con- 
taining some antiseptic substances but the claims 
to ^^ destroy germs," ^^ prevent sore and receding 
gums," could not be approved.) 

(N) Burriirs Tooth Powder. {Calcium carbonate and 
soap, with oil of wintergreen and other essential 
oils. A good product but claims too extrava- 
gant: Same as tooth paste, also ^^ Antiseptic 
properties can not be over estimated" ^^ forms a 
307 



308 1001 TESTS 



mouth wash more efficient than listerine or per- 
oxide of hydrogen.'^) 

Peninsular Chemical Co., Detroit, Mich. 

"jAr Tooth Paste Penslar. {Contains calcium car'bon- 
ate, menthol, salicylic acid, etc. Claims a little 
broad hut in the main conservative. ^^ A pro- 
nounced antiseptic action tending to limit the 
growth of bacteria in the mouth.") 
* Penslar Perla Denta Tooth Powder. {A good 
preparation of calcium carbonate, soap, orris 
root, salicylic acid, and wintergreen. Claims, as 
on most tooth powders are somewhat exagger- 
ated but not dangerously or specifically false. 
Would do little to remove tartar but might help 
to prevent its formation.) 

Pond's Extract Co., New York City. 

(N) Tooth Pas-te. {Presence of saccharin objection- 
able and claims of ^'unique'' process hardly wwr- 
ranted. A good tooth paste of soap, calcium 
carbonate, glycerin, alcohol, and antiseptics such 
as menthol, cinnamon, etc., but not at all 
'^unique.") 

Prophytol Products Co., Richmond, Va. 

(D) Prophytol Antiseptic Dental Liquid. {Depends 
m^ainly on menthol, salicylic acid, 37 per cent, 
of alcohol, and formaldehyde for its germicidal 
effect. A good product but of no special value 
for pyorrhoea, nor will it ''picrify the breath.' ' 
Recent labels and claims have been much im- 



TOILET ARTICLES 309 

proved hut not sufficiently to warrant approval.) 
(D) Pro-phy-tol Tooth Paste. {A good tooth paste 
containing menthol, formaldehyde, salicylic acid, 
soap, etc. Has some antiseptic and antiacid 
value hut claims as a germicide and as a preven- 
tative of contagious diseases are unwarranted.) 
(D) Pro-phy-tol Tooth Powder. {A good powder con- 
sisting mainly of soap, calcium carhonate, and 
salicylic acid. Germicidal claims, especially in 
the case of disease germ^s, unwarranted though 
the product has some antiseptic value.) 
White, S. S., Dental Mfg. Co., New York City. 

* Oraline Paste. {A good tooth paste containing 
soap, calcium carhonate, menthol and other es- 
sential oils. Claims very conservative with the 
exception of the statement that ''ahsolute clean- 
liness means ahsolute freedom from decay. ^^ 
There may he systemic causes for decay of the 
teeth that cleanliness could not prevent.) 



INDEX 



INDEX 



A. D. S. Foot Tablets, 131 

Improved Foot Soap, 210 

Kurakutic Soap, 210 

Majestic Lilac Talc, 203 

Malted Milk, 55 

Peredixo Tooth Paste, 219 

Peroxide Tooth Powder, 219 

Shaving Cream, 177-178 
Acker, Merrall & Condit Co., 

155, 159 
A-Corn Salve, 135 
Adulterants in candies, 33 
Adirondacks Maple Co., 169 

canned goods, 41 

condiments, 95 

cocoas, 7 

cold creams, 177 

dried meats, 149 

flours, 79 

honey, 169 

macaroni, 92 

olive oil, 153 

preserves, 157 

salad dressings, 96 

shampoo powders, 187 

syrups, 167 

vinegars, 97 
Albumen in baking powders, 2 
Alcohol in grape juice, 20 
Alexander Molasses Co., 284 
Alexander & Mendes, 188 



Alkali-treated cocoa, 6 
Allen Pharmacal Co., 203, 219 
Allen's Foot Ease, 140 
Allredie Pure Food Co., 257 
Almond Dulce Hymettua 

Cream, 186 
Almond Extract, 116, 117, 118, 

120, 121, 262, 263 
Almond Skin Food, 180 
Almonds, Festino, 31 
Als Hangesund Preserving Co., 

123 
Alphabetos, Skinner Mfg. Co.'s, 

253 
Alimi in baking powders, 2 
American Candy Co., 235 
American Dehydrating Co., 127 
Druggists' Syndicate, 55, 131, 
177, 188, 199, 203, 210, 
219 
Fruit Products Co., 21, 159 
American Products Co., 262 
American Sugar Refining Co., 
169 
Vineyard Co., 127 
Ammon & Pearson, 147 
Anchovy Paste, Crosse & Black- 
well's, 123 
Anchovy Sauce, Crosse & Black- 
well's, 254 
Anola, 234 



313 



314 



INDEX 



Anderson, J. H. & Co., 254 
Angelus Cough Drops, 141 
Anheuser-Busch Brewing Ass'n, 

21 
Anker's Bouillon Capsules, 65 
Antiseptic Throat Pastilles, 134 
Apple Butter, Heinz, 281 

Pride Pure, 282 
Apple Jam, 159, 160 

Juice, Duffy's, 21 
Apples, evaporated, 128 
Apricots, Del Monte Brand, 45 
evaporated, 127 
Hunt Brothers', 46 
Apricots, Libby, McNeill & 
Libby's, 239 
Troubadour Brand, 46 
Arbuckle Bros., 13 
Armour & Co., 21, 62, 147, 150, 
177, 194, 203, 211, 219, 
277 
Aroma Coffee Co., 13 
Aromint Co., 35 
Artaud, J. B. & A. Fr^res, 154 
Artichokes, canned, 66 
Asiatic Products Co., 17 
Asparagus, canned, 66, 68 
Aunt Jemima's Brand Pancake 

Flour, 82 
Aurora Condensed Milk Co., 

55 
Austin-Nichols & Co., 66, 98, 
127, 159 

B. H. Company, The, 178, 194, 

203 
Babcock, A. P. Co., 299 



Bacon, Armour's Star Slab, 277 
Beechnut Brand, 150 
Dairy Brand, 151 
Ferris's Boneless, 150 
Jones Dairy Farm, 151 
Libby's, 278 

Morris & Co.'s, Supreme, 278 
Swift's Premium, 152 
Squire's, 279 
Sulzberger's, 279 
Swift & Co.'s, Premium, 279 
Baked Beans, canned, 67, 68, 

70, 243 
Baker Extract Co., 116 
Baker, Franklin Co., 109 
Baker Importing Co., 13 
Baker, Walter & Co., 7, 235 
Baking Powder — Calumet, 3 
Cleveland Superior, 3 
Congress, 4 
Davis 0. K., 3 
Dr. Price's Cream, 4 
K. C, 4 
Princine, 225 
Ryzon, 225 
Eoyal, 4 
Rumford, 4 
Uprise, 3 
The three types, 1 
Soda, Slade's, 4 
Ballard & Ballard Co., 249 
Banana Flavor, 117, 120 
Bananas, evaporated, 127 
Barley, Brook's Baby, 240 
Crystals, 75 
Robinson's Patent, 245 
Flour, Jireh Diatetic, 84 



INDEX 



315 



Bartlett, Stephen L. Co., 7 

Barton & Guestier, 154 

Bauer & Black, 131 

Bay Roma Co., 291 

Beach Plum Jelly, 281 

Beale & Garnett Co., 123 

Beale, W. C. Fish Co., 242, 257, 
264 

Beans, canned, 66, 67, 68, 69, 
70, 243, 245 

Bear Lithia Spring Co., 231 

Beardsley's Sons, J. W., 62, 
123, 242 

Beaux Yeux, 196 

Beechnut Packing Co., 98, 147, 
150, 159, 277 

Beef, Corned, Red Cross Brand, 
151 
Dried, Armour's Sliced, 150 
Beechnut Brand, 150 
Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 
151 

Beef, Extract of, 62, 63 

Beet Sugar, 163 

Beets, canned, 67, 68, 69, 243 

Bell, Wm. G. Co., 98 

Belle Mead Sweets, 35 

Bendick Co., 299 

Bennett, F. H., Biscuit Co., 233 

Bensdorp ( Amsterdam, Hol- 
land), 7 

Benzoate of Soda in condi- 
ments, 96 

Berlin Mills Co., 274 

Berna Milk Co., 55 

Berndt & Co., 17 

Bernese Alps Milk Co., 66, 240 



Beta Quinol Scalp Treatment, 

291 
Bgziers, Ren§, Douarnenez, 264 
Biedert's Ramogen, 240 
Biscuit, Adora, 31 

Arrowroot, 31 

Baronet, 31 

Frotana, 32 

Jireh Diatetic, 29^ 

Pakatin, 30 

Saltine, 32 

Social Tea, 32 

Sunshine Assorted, 30 

Sunshine Citrus, 31 

Sunshine Petite Beurre, 31 

Takoma, 31 

Uneeda, 32 

Water Thin, 32 

Wentworth's Whole Wheat, 
233 
Bishop & Co., 36 
Bitter Chocolates, 6 
Blackberries, preserved, 160 

Silver Lake Brand, 47 
Blanke, C. F., Tea and Coffee 

Co., 13, 17, 228 
Blendo Food Co., 14 
Bliss, Alonzo O. Co., 132 
Blookers ( Amsterdam, Hol- 
land), 8, 226 
Blue Jay Corn Plasters, 131 
Bobrick Chemical Co., 304 
Bolton Chemical Corp., 267 
Bonbons, Huyler's, 36 

Maillard's, 37 

Park &, Tilford's, 38 

Schrafft's, 39 



316 



INDEX 



Borden's Condensed Milk Co., 

14, 36, 56 
Borgen, C. Packing Co., 264 
Bosnian & Lohman Co., 147 
Bouillon, Clam, 62, 242 

Cubes, Anker's, 65 
Armour's, 62 
Liebig's, 0X0, 65 
Steero, 65 
Bouillon Cubes, Vegex, 242 
Bour Co., 228 
Bourjoias, A. & Co., 199 
Boyle, John Co., 45, 66 
Brakeley, Joseph, Inc., 66 
Bran, Flakes, 251 

Obelish Sanitary, 249 

Pillsbury Health, 252 

Sterilized, 251 
Bread, Gluten, 32 
Brewster, Cocoa Mfg. Co., 235 
Brilliantine, Carnation, 188 
Brooke, C. M. & Sons, 21 
Brooke's Lemos, 21 
Brook's Barley Co., 240 
Buckwheat Flour, Teco Brand, 

82 
Bunte Brothers, 236, 267 
Burnett, Joseph & Co., 117 
Burnham, E. L. Co., 62 
Burnham & Morrill Co., 123, 

242, 243, 265 
Burrell Products Co., 257 
Butter Fish, Cape Cod, 265 
Butter, Fox River, 148 
B. & P. Company, 194 

Cake, Royal Black Fruit, 233 



California Fish Co., 123 

Fruit Canners' Association, 
45, 66, 127, 281 
Callahan, Geo. & Co., 280 
Calocide Compound, 138 
Calox, the Oxygen Tooth Pow- 
der, 222 
Calumet Baking Powder Co., 3 
Calve-Delft, 280 
Calves' Foot Jelly, 150 
Calvet & Co., 155 
Campbell Co., 155 
Campbell, Joseph Co., 62, 242 
Campbell's Kooking Oil, 155 
Candies, adulterants in, 33 
Candies, Bunte Brothers', 236 
Kibbe Brothers Co., 236 
Park & Tilford's Juvenile, 
238 
Candy Figs, 36 
Cane Sugar, 163 
Canned Goods, adulterants in, 
41 
labeling, 44 
weights, 42 
Canthrox, 190 
Cape Cod Products Co., 243, 

265, 281 
Cape Cod Specialty Co., 239, 

243 
Capsicum Vaseline, 132 
Caramels, Belle Mead, 35 
H. D. Foss & Co.'s, 36 
Johnston's, 37 
Lowney's, 37 
Maillard's, 37 
Park & Tilford's, 38 



INDEX 



317 



Caramels, Schraflft's, 39 

Whitman's, 40 
Carbolated Vaseline, 132 
Carey Co., 262 
Carque, Otto, 89 
Carque Pure Food Co., 127, 147 
Carter Lytle Drug Co., 132 
Castle, The W. A. Co., 155 
Castor Oil, Tasteless, 143 
Caswell, Massey Co., Ltd., 204 
Catsup, 98 

Blue Ribbon, 103 

Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 101 

Pride of the Farm, 103 

Princess Brand, 101 

Richelieu Brand, 105 

Ritter Conserve Co.'s, 103 

Snider's, 105 

Walnut, 254 
Caviar, Cresca Co.'s, 123 
Cel-Co., Mfg. Co., 228 
Celery Flavor, 119 
Celery Salt, Colburn's, 98 
Celery Seasoning, Nosco, 255 
Cerag Cereal, 246 
Cerag Co., 246 
Cereal Soap Co., 211 
Certone Co., 267 
Certone Tablets, 267 
Ceylon Spice Co., 109 
Chalmers, James, Sons, 109 
Charles & Co., 284 
Chase & Sanborn, 14 
Cheese, Parmesan, Grated, 274 

Elkhorn Brands, 275 

Liederkranz, 275 

Normanna Zig Zag, 276 



Cheese Sandwich, 31 
Cheese Tid Bit, 234 
Cherries, Cobb's Navy Brand, 
46 

Del Monte Brand, 45 

Evaporated, 127 

Foss' Liquid Cream, 36 

Chocolate covered, 38, 40 

Hunt Brothers, 46 

Rose-bud, 239 

Royal Anne, 239 

Troubadour Brand, 46 
Cherry Extract, 117 
Chesebrough Mfg. Co., 132, 268, 

304 
Chicken, Holly's Boiled, 278 

Boneless, Derby Brand, 151 

Boneless, Libby, McNeill & 
Libby's, 151 

Richardson & Robbins*, 151 
Chili Con Carne, 245 
Chili, Mexican, Ground, 255 
Chili Sauce, Heinz, 101 

Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 101 

Snider's, 105 
Chinese American Food Co., 277 
Chiris, Antoine, 155 
Chocolate and cocoa, difference, 
5; theo-bromin in, 5; 
plain or bitter, 6 
Chocolate, Almond Milk, 235 

Baker's Sweet, 235 

Borden's Milk, 36 

Brewster's Milk, 235 

Chocolat Lindt, 39 

Caramels, Lowney*s, 236 

Creams, Belle Mead, 35 



318 



INDEX 



Chocolate, Caracas, 38 
Johnston's, 37 
Maillard's, 37 
Schrafft's, 39 
Skylark, 38 
Hershey's Milk, 36 
Hoff's, with Malt Extract and 

Iron, 231 
Huyler's Premium, 8 
Maillard's Premium, 8 
Maillard's After Dinner 

Mint, 237 
Marshmallows, Lowney's, 

236 
Nestl6's Almond Sweet Milk, 

38 
Nestle's Hazel Nut Sweet 

Milk, 38 
Original Sweet Milk, 38 
Peanut Milk, 235 
Peppermints, H. D. Foss & 

Co.'s, 36 
Pickman's Liquid, 227 
Stollwerck's Gold Brand 

Premium, 9 
Suchard's, 39 
Surprise Wafers, 238 
Tootsie Roll, 238 
Wadsworth's, 39 
Whitman's Instantaneous, 9 
Chocolates, Almond Milk, 38 
Crest, 237 
Date Filling, 236 
Delecto, 237 
Huyler's, 36 

Loose-Wiles' Nobility, 37 
Lowney's, 37, 236 



Chocolates, Marmay Crimped, 
37 
My Lady of Quality, 235 
Monte Fudge, 237 
Park & Tilford's, 38 
Skylark, 38 
Temptation, 236 
Triad, 236 
Whitman's, 40 
Wilbur's, 40 
Chop Suey, 277 
Chow Chow, 160 
Christian Company, 82 
Christy, Arthur N. & Co., 117 
Chutney Sauce, 254 
Cinnakol Chemical Sales Co., 

268 
Cinnakol Disinfectant, 268 
Cinnamon Flavor, 119 
Citrolax, 269 
Clam Bouillon, 62, 242 
Clam Chowder, 242 
Clams, Burnham & Morrill's, 

265 
^lams. Pioneer Minced, 125 
Clark, Coggins & Johnson Co., 

14 
Clark's Corporation, 133 
Clark's Pineapple Juice, 232 
Cleveland Baking Powder Co., 

3 
Cleveland Macaroni Co., 93 
Climax Coffee Co., 14 
Cliquot Club Co., 22 
Cloves Flavor, 119, 262 
C. N. Disinfectant, 144 
Cobb Preserving Co., 46 



INDEX 



319 



Coca Cola Co., 22 
Cocoa, adulterants, 7 

and chocolate, difference, 5 

alkali-treated, 6 

Baker's Breakfast, 7 

Blocker's Daaldere, 8 

Croft's Breakfast, 226 

Dutch process, 6 

Grand Brand, 226 

Huyler's, 8 

Lowney's Breakfast, 8 

Maillard's Breakfast, 8 

Phillips Digestible, 8 

Eoyal Dutch, 7 

Swiss Chocolate Co.'s, 8 

Swiss Milk, 226 

Van Houten's Famous, 9 
Cocoanut, Baker's Premium 
Shred, 109 

Dromedary, 260 
Cod Liver Oil Capsules, 135 
Codfish, Beale's 264 

Beardsley's Shredded, 123 

Gorton's Boneless, 124 

Lord Brothers' Boneless, 124 
Coffee, Ariosa, 13 

Baker ized Steel Cut, 13 

Blendo, 14 

Borden's Condensed, 14 

Caldwell's Electric Cut, 13 

Dekofa, 15 

Fairy Cup Instant, 14 

Faust, 228 

Hammer's Concentrated, 228 

Hotel Astor, 14 

instantaneous, 12 

Kaffee Hag, 229 



Coffee, La Touraine, 16 
Lipton's Gossip Blend Caffee- 

Klatsch, 229 
Lipton's Yellow Label Blend, 

229 
Lockyer's Extra Fancy B., 15 
Lockyer's Extra Fancy C, 15 
Mexican Tablets, 229 
Mrs. Korer's Brand Own 

Blend, 14 
Old Master, 228 
Pure Essence of, 14 
Puri-tan-ated, 14 
Queen Isabella Porto Rico, 16 
Eichlieu Brand Hans Evers 

Process Vacuum Treated, 

16 
Eoyal Stag, 15 
San Marto, 228 
Schorn & Brower's, 230 
Seal Brand, 14 
substitutes for, 11 
The "400" Blend, 15 
Tourist, 15 
Vilosa, 230 

Washington Prepared, 15 
White House Brand, 14 
Yuban; the Arbuckle Guest 

Coffee, 13 
Coffee Substitute, Banan-Nutro, 

16 
Cel-Co, 228 
Drinket, 229 
Instant Postum, 16 
Kellogg's Cereal Beverage, 15 
Kneipp Malt, 15 
Mouco, 230 



sw 



INDEX 



Coffee Substitute, Old Grist 
Mill, 16 
Postum Cereal, 16 

Colburn, The A. Co., 98, 109, 
118 

Cold Cream, Almond Dulce 
Hymettus Honey, 184 
Alpine, 289 
Colgate & Co.'s, 178 
Crgme de Meridor, 179 
Creme Elcaya, 177 
Cr§me Imperatrice, 179 
Cr§me LaValliere, 286 
Cr§me Luxor, 177 
Cr&me Simon, 184' 
Cr§me Tokalon, 185 
Daggett & Ramsdell's, 179 
Espey's Fragrant, 179 
Gille's, 180 

Honey and Almond, 181 
Hubert's Malvina, 181 
Hygienic Creme Eogiene, 180 
Imperatrix Skin Cream, 181 
Ingram's Milkweed, 286 
Keeler's Superior, 182 
Kosmeo, 181 
Luxor, 178 
Magda, 287 
merits of, 173 
Mounier's Cr§me au Benzoin, 

288 
Palmolive Cream, 181 
Penslar, 288 
Plexo, 183 

Pompeian Night, 289 
Pond's Vanishing, 183 
Priseilla Parson's, 178 



Cold Cream, Racarma, 289 
San Tox, 286 
simple formula for, 176 
Stern's, 289 
Suprema, 289 
Williams', 290 
Coleman & Co., 22 
Colgate & Co., 178, 199, 204, 

211, 220, 299 
Colman, J. & J., 99 
Condensed Milk, 51 
Aurora, 55 
Bear Brand, 240 
Cremora, 244 
Diet Milk, 244 
Gail Borden Eagle Brand, 

56 
Carnation Brand, 59 
Hires, 57 
Kindolac, 244 
Lapp & Co.'s, Swiss, 241 
Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 

58 
Sweet Clover Brand, 59 
Swiss, 55 
Soups, Campbell's, 62, 242 
Eranco-American, 63 
Knorr's, 63 
Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 

64 
Puro Brands, 65 
Vegex, 242 
Yours Truly, 63 
Condiments, adulterants in, 95 

benzoate of soda in, 96 
Cookies, Chocolate Tokens, 31 
Educator Gluten, 29 



INDEX 



321 



Cookies, Edwards's Bran, 29 
Lemon Snaps, 32 
Nabisco, 32 
Old Time Sugar, 32 
Sunshine Philopena Almond, 

31 
Vienna Sugar Fingers, 31 
Zu-Zu Ginger Snaps, 32 
Cooper Pharmaeal Co., 291 
Corby Brothers, 3 
Corby Commission Co., 265 
Corn, canned, 66, 67, 68, 69, 

70, 243 
Corn Flakes, 76 
Corn Products Refining Co., 

Ill, 170 
Corned Beef, Red Cross Brand, 

151 
Cornmeal, Great Valley Mills, 
249 
Pamunkey Mills, 84' 
Virginia, 251: 
Cornstarch, Kingsford's Os- 
wego, 111 
Cottolene, 148 

Cottonseed Oil, 153, 155, 157 
Cough Drops, Bunte Brothers*, 

267 
Coumarin, definition of, 114 
Cox, J. & G., 109 
Crab Meat, 124 

Havalan Brand, 125 

McMenamin & Co.'s, 124 

Crackers, Agar Agar, 234 

Educator Graham, 30 

Educator Oatmeal, 30 

Educator Water, 230 



Crackers, Graham, 32 

Sunshine Graham, 31 
Cranberries, D e h y d r o-Fresh, 

127 
Cranberry Juice, Doane's, 

231 
Cranberry Powder, 129 
Cranberry Sauce, Burnham & 
Morrill's, 243 

Premier Brand, 47 
Crane, James C, 178, 204 
Cream of Tartar, Slade's, 4 
Cream of Wheat Co., 75 
Cream Whip, 258 
Cream Whip Co., 258 
Cr§me au Benzoin, 288 

de Meridor, 179 

Elcaya, 178 

Imperatrice, 179 

Fouett^, 259 

LaValliere, 287 

Luxor, 177 

Simon, 184 

Tokalon, 185 
Cremora, 244 
Creolin-Pearson, 138 
Cresca Company, 66, 99, 123, 

128, 150, 159, 244 
Crescent Mapeline, 118 
Crescent Mfg. Co., 118 
Cresco Grits, 75 
Crisco, 148 

definition, 145 
Crittenton, Charles N. Co., 133, 

211 
Croft & Allen, 226 
Croft's Breakfast Cocoa, 226 



INDEX 



Crosse & Blackwell, 14, 100, 

123, 160, 254, 265, 274, 

281 
Crown Lavender Salts, 199 
Crown Perfumery Co., 199 
Cruikshanks Brothers Co., 160 
Crystal Gelatin Co., 109 
Cudahy, John, Fig Products 

Co., 281 
Cudahy Packing Co., 63 
Currant Jelly, 159, 160, 161 
Currants, Dromedary Brand, 

128 
Currie Powder, 98, 100 
Curtice Brothers Co., 100, 160 
Curtis, Emma E., 258 
Cuticura Ointment, 141 
C. N. Disinfectant, 144 



Dad's Breakfast Food Co., 246 
Daggett & Ramsdell, 179, 269, 

297, 300, 304 
Datenut Butter, 148 
Dandruff Remedy, Wildroot, 

192 
Salve, Gill^'s, 189 
Dates, Cresca, stuffed, 128 
Dates, Dromedary Brand, 128 
Davies, K. M. & Co., 46 
Davis, Frank E. Co., 124 
Davis Milling Co., 82 
Davis, R. B. Co., 3 
De Groff, Lewis & Son, 67, 128 
De Pree Chemical Co., 269, 286, 

291, 300, 307 
Deerfoot Farm, 277 



Del Monte brand canned fruits, 

45, 46 
De Meridor Co., 179 
De Miracle Chemical Co., 194 

Depilatory, 194 
Denmark Condensed Milk Co., 

57 
Dentacura Co., 220 
Derby, H. C. Co., 150 
Detoxyl, 139 

Deutsche Milchwerke, 240 
Deviled Crab Meat, 124 
Diamond Crystal Salt Co., 100 
Diamond Delico, 109 
Diamond Gelatin Co., 109 
Diamond Nail Enamel, 197 
Diet Milk, 244 
Dioxogen, 140 
Doane, Nathaniel, 231 
Dodge, Walter Luther & Co., 

134 
Dole's Pure Hawaiian Pine- 
apple Juice, 23 
Downey, Jas. T. & Co., 274 
Downs, Jean, 134 
Dr. Pray's Gloria-Lily Lotion, 

183 
Dralle, (Hamburg), 199 
Dried Beef, Armour & Co.'s, 

150 
Beechnut Brand, 150 
Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 

151 
Drinket, 229 
Dry Milk Co., 244 
Dry Pits Lotion, 195 
Dry Pits Lotion Co., 195 



INDEX 



323 



Duflf, P. & Sons, 170 
Duffy's Apple Juice, 21 
Duluth Superior Milling Co., 

82 
Dunbar, G. W. Sons Co., 67 
Durkee & Co., 100 
Dwinell-Wright Co., 14, 17 

E. C. D. Chemical Co., 134 
Eau de Cologne Sea Salt, 196 
Economy Food Products Co., 249 
Educator Toasterettes, 30 
Educator Water Crackers, 233 
Edwards, Elinor E., 29 
Eg-Save, 260 
Egg Noodles, Skinner Mfg. 

Co.'s, 253 
Egg Plums, 239 
Ehman Olive Co., 161 
Eisner Mendelson Co., 23 
Ekenberg Company, 82 
Elkhorn Cheese, 275 
Emery & Co., 124 
Empress Mfg. Co., 188 
Emmart Packing Co., 24^ 
En-ser-ol, 134 

Eskay's Albumenized Food, 59 
Espey, J. E., 179 
Evans' Sons, Lescher & Webb, 

Ltd., 23, 134 
Evaporated Milk, Borden's 
Peerless, 56 

Danish Prize, 57 

Carnation Brand, 59 

Our Pet Brand, 57 

Swiss, 56 

Van Camp's, 60 



Every Woman Co., 134 
Every Woman's Flesh Reducer, 

134 
Eye Cream, Moras's, 139 
Extract of Beef, Armour's, 62 
Cudahy's, 63 

of Meat, Liebig's, 64 
Extracts, Baker's, 116 

Bee Brand, 119 

Burnetts, 117 

Colburn's May Flower, 118 

Premium Brand, 119 

Slade's, 121 

Zanol, 262 

exaggerated claims, 113 

F. B. Foronga Nail Bleach, 195 
F. B. Polpasta Nail Enamel, 

195 
Fairbank, N. K, Co., 148, 211 
Farwell & Rhines, 75, 83 
Fay, C, 179 
Ferris, F. A. & Co., 150 
Fig Newtons, 31 
Figprune, 228 
Figprune Cereal Co., 228 
Figs, Carque's California, 127 

Cresca, 128 

Dromedary Brand, 129 

Health Brand, 128 
Finnan Haddie, 123, 264, 265 
Fischer, B. & Co., 14, 17, 89, 

100 
Fish Flake, Davis's, 124 
Burnham & Morrill Co.'s, 123 
Five Kernels Food Co., 75 
Flavors, Pitkin's, 120 



SM 



INDEX 



Flavors, Premium Fruit, 119 
Fleischmann Co., The, 3 
Floridine Mfg. Co., 195, 294 
Flour, Aristos, 87 

Aunt Jemima's Pancake, 82 

Ceresota Brand, 85 

Duluth Imperial, 82 

Educator Brands, 84 

Foimtain Brand, 83 

Franklin Mills, 83 

Franklin Pancake, 249 

Gold Medal, 87 

Golden Touch King Midas, 
86 

Hecker's Graham, 83 

Hecker's Self Raising, 250 

Jireh, 84 

King Arthur, 86 

Marvel, 251 

Northern Light Brand, 85 

Obelisk Graham, 249 

Occident, 86 

Old Grist Mill Brand, 86 

Pillsbury's, 85 

Priscilla Prepared Dough- 
nut, 249 

Purena Whole Wheat, 85 

Rye, 250 

Superlative Self-Raising, 84 

Swans Down Prepared, 84 

White Puff, 250 

Whole Wheat, 250 
Flours, adulterants in, 79 

gluten, SO 
self-rising, 80 
Fluid En-Ser-Ol, 134 
Foley & Co., 269 



Foot Powder, White Cross, 296 

Foot Tablets, 131 

Force, 75 

Forest Home Farm, 83, 147, 

150 
Formamint Tablets, 131 
Forquignon Mfg. Co., 195 
Foso Co., 291, 304 
Foss, H. D. & Co., 36 
Foulds Milling Co., 93 
Fox River Butter Co., 148 
Franco-American Food Co., 63 
Franco-American Hygienic Co., 

180 
Frank, L. & Son, 150, 277 
Frankforts, Frank's, 278 
Franklin Mills Co., 83, 249 
Fear, Fred, 100 
Frederick City Packing Co., 67 
Freeman Perfume Co., 204 
Freihofer's Vienna Baking Co., 

93 
French Marrons, 260 
Fresno Home Packing Co., 128 
Frotana Biscuit, 32 
Fruit Flavors, Premium Brand, 

119 
Fruit Puddine Co., 258 

Gaidry, Lowell R., 100 

Gallinis Brothers, 236 

Gannon, E. M., 180 

Garlic Seasoning, Nasco, 256 

Gauss, C. E., 270 

Gauss Catarrh Elixir and 

Balm, 270 
Geisha Importing Co., 205 



INDEX 



325 



Gelatin, 107-108 
Boston Crystal, 109 
Chalmers' Transparent, 109 
Cox's, 109 
ICnox's, 111, 260 
Lipton's Jelly Tablets, 111 
Minute, 111 
Plymouth Rock, 112 
Gelle Fibres, 199 
General Chemical Co., 225 
General Purification Co., 270 
Genesee Pure Food Co., 110 
George Washington Coffee Sales 

Co., 15 
Germicide, 270 
"Get Slim," 134 
Gherkins, 161 
Giant Chemical Co., 135 
Gill6, E., 180, 189, 204 
Gillet, Martin & Co., 17 
Ginger Ale, Aromatic, 25 
Ginger Ale, Blisco Aromatic, 
231 
Celebrated Cliquot Club 

Extra Dry, 22 
Delatour, 25 
Hywaco, 24 
Ross's Royal, 25 
Standard, 25 
Tally-Ho, 25 
essence, 119, 120 
Giroux Mfg. Co., 189 
Githens, Rexsamer &, Co., 15 
Glaxo, 241 
Glaxo Co., 240 
Glucose in Candies, 33 
Glenn's Sulphur Soap, 211 



Gluten Bread, Rammers' Dia- 

betiker loaves, 32 
Gluten flours, 80, 81 
Golden Gate Fruit Co., 23 
Gomi, T. D., 206 
Gordon & Dilworth, 150, 161 
Gordon-Thorne Co., 300 
Gorman & Co., Inc., 124 
Gorton Pew Fisheries Co., 124 
Gorton's Boneless Codfish, 124 
Graham Flour, 249 
Graham, Mrs. Gervaise, 181 
Grand View Farm Produce Co., 

150 
Grape Capsule Co., 135 
Grape Fruit Products Co., 281 
Grape Juice, alcohol in, 20 

Armour's, 21 

Monticello, 232 

Randall's, 232 

Red Wing, 25 

Royal Purple, 232 

Welch's, 25 
Grape Ola, 231 
Grape Ola Co., 231 
Grape Nuts, 76 
Grape Smash Syrup, 232 
Graves, Dr. E. L., 307 
Great Valley Mills, 246, 249 
Green Bay Canning Co., 67 
Greenhut-Siegel Cooper Co., 67, 

83, 128 
Griffith-Durney Co., 46 
Grove, E. W., 135 
Gumbert, S. & Co., 3 

Hagan's Magnolia Balm, 182 



326 



INDEX 



Hair Tonic, Canthrox, 190 

Empress Improved Instan- 
taneous Hair Color Re- 
storer, 188 
Foso, 292 

Gille's Spun Gold, 189 
Hall's Hair Renewer, 189 
Hay's Hair Health, 190 
Lavona, 191 
Mme. Seele's French Hair 

Bluing, 190 
Parisian Sage, 189 
Parker's Haiit Balsam, 189 
Petrole Hahn for the Hair, 

191 
Pinaud's Eau de Quinine, 

190 
Rexall, 293 
San Tox, 291 
simple formula, 187 
Hall, R. P. & Co., 189 
Hall & Ruckel, 220 
Ham, Armour's Star, 277 
Beechnut, 277 
Dairy Brand, 151 
Ferris's Our Trade Mark, 150 
Forest Home Farm, 150 
Frank & Son's Lax, 150 
Jones Dairy Farm, 151 
Morris & Co.'s Supreme, 279 
Swift's Premium, 152 
Deviled, Libby, McNeill & 

Libby's, 151 
Underwood's, 152 
Potted, Richardson & Rob- 
bins, 151 
Hamilton, S. C, 259 



Hammer, C, 228 

Hansen's, Charles, Laboratory, 

110 
Hanson & Jenks Co., 200 
Harris, W. B. Co., 15, 18 
Haserot Canneries Co., 67 
Hawaiian Pineapple Products 

Co., 23 
Pineapple Co., 46 
Hay's Hair Health, 190 
Headache Cologne, 269 
Hearns & Jones, 170 
Heather— the Highlands, 284 
Hecker Cereal Co., 83, 250 
H e c k e r-Jones- Jewell Milling 

Co., 84 
Heide, Henry, 36 
Heinz, H. J. Co., 67, 93, 101, 

110, 148, 155, 161, 242, 

245, 255, 281 
Heller, B. & Co., 262 
Heller-Barnham Co., 36 
Helvetia Milk Condensing Co., 

57 
Hemo, Thompson's, 60 
Herring, Beale's, 264 
Herring, Kippered, Crosse & 

Blackwell's, 265 
Davis', 124 
Normanna, 266 
Hershey Chocolate Co., 36 
Heyer, George W., 205 
Higgins, Wm. H. & Co., 128 
Hills Brothers Co., 128, 148, 

260 
Hills, Wm. S., 250 
Hinds, A. S., 181, 212 



INDEX 



327 



Hinds* Honey and Almond 

Cream Soap, 212 
Hipolite Company, The, 110 

Snow-Mallow, 110 
Hires, Charles E. Co., 23 

Household Extract, 23 

Condensed Milk Co., 57 
Hiscox Chemical Works, 189 
H. 0. Company, 75, 250 
Hoenshell & Emery, 233, 259 
Hoff, Johann, 23, 231 
Hoflf's Chocolate with Malt Ex- 
tract and Iron, 231 
Hblbrook & Co., 101 
Holland Rusk Co., 29 
Holly, C. B. & Co., 278 
Hominy, canned, 70 

Dairy Maid Brand, 245 

Emmart's, 244 

Granulated, 77 
Hominy, White Rose Brand, 77 
Honey, Acme Brand, 170 

adulterants in, 169 

Emerson Brand, 172 

Golden Tree, 171 

Premier Brand, 170 

Roots, 285 
Honolulu Fruit Products Co., 

232 
Hopewell Dainties, 36 
Horlick's Malted Milk Co., 57 
Hormel, G. A. & Co., 151, 278 
Hornby's Oatmeal, 75 
Houston Packing Co., 151 
Howard, J. F., 101 
Hoyt, W. M. Co., 63 
Hoyt's "Sweetina," 141 



Hubert, Prof., 181 
Hudnut, Richard, 200, 205, 212 
Hulled Corn, Van Camp's, 70 
Humbert & Andrews, 161, 170 
Hunt Brothers, 46 
Huyler's, 8, 36 

Hyde Cleaner and Moth Exter- 
minator Co., 305 
Hygeia Distilled Water Co.., 24 
Hygienic Food Co., 76 
Hydrox-Chemical Co., 135 
Hydrox Hydrogen Peroxide, 135 
Hydroxyl-Free Cod Liyer Oil, 
138 

Icing and Filling, Ready Mixt, 

257 
Icing and Topping, Mallo, 261 
Igleheart Brothers, 84 
Illinois Canning Co., 68 
Imperatrix Co., 181 
Imperial Granum Co., 57 
India Relish, Heinz's, 255 
Infant's Food, 48-51 

Eskay's Albumenized Food, 
59 

Imperial Granum, 57 

Glaxo, 241 

Mead's Dextri-Maltose, 58 

Mellin's Food, 59 

Nestl6'8 Food, 59 

Patch's Powdered Sugar of 
Milk, 59 

Ramogen, 240 

Taroeua, 241 
Ingram, F. F. Co., 286, 300 
International Laboratories, 270 



INDEX 



Invert Sugar, 164 

Italian Importing Co., 280 

Ivins', J. S., Sons, 29 

Jad Brand Salts, 136 
Jad Salts Co., 136 
Jams, 159, 160, 161, 282 
Jaques Mfg. Co., 4 
Jefferson Pickle Co., 161 
Jellies, 159, 160, 161, 162 
Jelly, Beach Plum, 281 
Crabapple, 282 
Mint, 282 
Jello Lemon, 110 
Jennings Company, 200, 292, 

297 
Jergens, Andrew Co., 212 
Jireli Diabetic Food Co., 29, 76, 

84, 93 
Johann Hoff's Malt Extract, 23 
Johnson, B. J. Soap Co., 181, 

190, 212 
Johnson Educator Food Co., 29, 

84, 233 
Johnson & Johnson, 213 
Johnston, (Milwaukee), 37, 

236 
Jones', Alfred, Sons, 265 
Jones Dairy Farm, 148, 157 
Junket tablets, 110 

Kaffee Hag, 229 
Kaffee Hag Corporation, 229 
Kaiser Jagd Wurst, 278 
Karo, 170 

Ketchup, Curtice Brothers*, 100 
Olney Canning Co.'s, 103 



Keeler, Charles C, 182 

Kellogg Food Co., 15, 251 
Toasted Corn Flake Co., 76, 
251 

Kellogg, W. K., 229 

Keen, Robinson & Co., 245 

Kent, Chester & Co., 271 

Kewpie Kandies, 38 

Kibbee Brothers Co., 235 

Kidd, Mrs. E. G., 161, 282 

Kidney Beans, canned, 68 

Kimball, Lucile, 136 

Kimball & Marxsen Rice Prod- 
ucts Co., 89 

Kindolac, 244 

Kinox, 137 

Kinox Company, 137 

Kippered Herring, Davis's, 124 

Kirk, James S. Co., 206, 213 

Klein's (Budapest), 213 

Klim, 58 

Kneipp Malt Food Co., 15 

Knorr, C. H., 63 

Knox, Charles B. Co., Ill, 260 

Knox-Crutchfield, 85 

Koenig & Schuster, 68, 101, 129 

Kohler, Peter Cailler, Swiss 
Chocolates Co., 8 

Koiner Mills, 251 

Kolynos Co., 221 

Kornol, 132 

Kosmeo, 181 

Kraft, J. L. & Bros. Co., 275 

Kream Krisp, 274 

"Lady Betty," 260, 282 
Lambert Pharmacal Co., 137 



INDEX 



329 



Lamb's Tongues, Derby Brand, 

150 
Landshut, Karl, 137 
Lanman & Kemp, 200 
Lanning, Wm. & Son, 47 
Lapp & Co., 241 
Lard, Armour's "Simon Pure," 

147 
Forest Home Farm, 147 
Jones Dairy Farm, 148 
Silver-Leaf Brand, 148 
LaValliere Co., 286 
Lavona (Hair Tonic), 191 
Lavoris Chemical Co., 221 
Lavox Co., The, 190 
Laxative Bromo-Quinine, 

135 
Lazell, 200 
Lea & Perrins, 101 
Lee, George H. Co., 292 
Leggett, Francis H. & Co., 47, 

68, 89, 161, 170, 255 
Lehn & Fink, 137, 205, 221 
Lemon Extract, 116, 117, 118, 

119, 120, 121, 262, 263 
Lemos, Brooke's, 21 
Lemon Soda, 24 

Snaps, 32 
Lentils, canned, 69 
Leslie-Durham & Co., 171 
Lester, Francis E. Co., 255 
Lever Brothers Co., 213 
Levering Coffee Co., 15 
Levy, Ben. Co., 205 
Libby, McNeill & Libby, 47, 58, 

64, 68, 101, 151, 155, 161, 

239, 245, 278 



Liebig's Extract of Meat Co., 

64 
Lillian Russell's Lip Stick, 294 
Lillian Russell's Own Toilet 

Preparations, 287, 294, 

300 
Lillian Russell's Rejuvenating 

Powder, 295 
Lilly, Eli & Co., 213 
Lima Beans, canned, 66, 68, 70 
Lime-Fruit Juice, Montserrat, 

23 
Lime Juice, Rose's Pure West 

Indian, 25 
Lipton, 18, 111, 229 
Liss, George & Co., 68, 124 
Listerine, 137 
Listman Mill Co., 251 
Listogen Antiseptic, 267 
Lobster, Beale's, 264 

Machias Bay, 265 
Loganberries, Del Monte 

Brand, 45 
Pheasant Brand, 129 
Loganberry Juice, Pheasant 

Brand, 232 
Lockyer & Co., 15 
Loose-Wiles Biscuit Co., 30, 37, 

233 
Lord Brothers Co., 124 
Los Angeles Canning Co., 266 
Lotus Nail Enamel, 295 
Louisenbad Reduction Salt, 137 
Love, J. S., 171 
Lowney, Walter M. Co., 8, 37, 

236 
Luden, W. H., 137 



330 



INDEX 



Lustrite Cuticle Remedies, 294 
Lustr-ite Nail Enamel, 195 
Luxor Bath Powder, 194 

Tooth Paste, 219 
Lyon, I. W. & Sons, 221 
Lyon Mfg. Co., 182 
Lysol, 137 

McCormick & Co., 118 
MeCullough, Geo. B. Co., 292 
M c F a d d e n-Wiess-Kyle Rice 

Milling Co., 89 
Mcllhenny Co., 68 
Mcllhenny, E., 101 
McKesson & Robbins, 222 
McMechen Preserving Co., 102 
McMenamin & Co., 124 
McMonagle & Rogers, 119 
McMurdo, A. E., 232 
Macaroni, food qualities, 91 

Freihofer's Egg, 93 

Fould's, 93 

Golden Egg Brand, 93 
Jireh's, 93 

Skinner Mfg. Co.'s, 253 

Woodcock's, 94 
Mackerel, Davis's, 124 

Normanna Brand, 266 
Madame Yale's Skin Food, 176 
Magda Co., 287 
Magique Co., 295 
Maillard, Henry, 8 
Maillards, 37, 237 
Mallo Icing and Topping, 261 
Malt Extract, Johann Hoff's, 
23 
Wyeth's Liquid, 25 



Malt Nutrine, 21 
Malted Breakfast Food, 247 
Malted Cereals Co., 247 
Malted Milk, A. D. S., 55 
Borden's, 67 
Horlick's, 58 
Thompson's, 60 
Mansfield Laboratories, Inc., 

234 
Manufacturing Co. of America, 

37 
Maple Syrup, Leslie's, 171 
Log Cabin, 172 
mixtures, 167 
Old Manse Brand, 284 
Pride of the Ad-i-ron- 

dacks, 169 
Vermont, 172, 284 
Vermont Maple Sap, 171 
Mapleine, Crescent, 118 
Mapl-Flake, 76 
Marietta Stanley Co., 182 
Marinello Company, 206 
Marmalade, 160, 161, 162, 281, 

282 
Marshall Canning Co., 60, 245 
Marshmallow Cr§me, Snow- 
flake, 258 
Three Miller's, 261 
Whip, Whitman's 112 
Marshmallows, Angelus, 39 

Heide's, 36 
Martindale, Thomas & Co., 138 
Marzahl, W., 102 
Maspero, C, Inc., 155 
Maul Brothers, 94 
Mayer, Alfred, 37 



INDEX 



331 



Mead, Johnson & Co., 68 
Meat, Potted, Libby, McNeill 

& Libby's, 151 
Meat Wurst, Frank's, 278 
Meats, dried, adulterants in, 

149 
Medical Formula Co., 138 
Mellin's Food Co., 59 
Mennen, Gerhard Chemical Co., 

206 
Menthol Cough Drops, 137 
Mentholated Vaseline, 133 
Mentholatum, 138 
Mentholatum Company, 138 
Mentoni Co., The, 155 
Merck & Co., 15, 138 
Merrell Soule Co., 58, 111, 227 
Mexican Products Co., 229 
Mexican CoflFee Tablets, 229 
Middendorf & Rohrs, 68 
Migliore, J., 280 
Milcoco, 227 
Milk, Condensed, Aurora, 65 

Bear Brand, 240 

Dry Milk Co's, 244 

Gail Borden Eagle Brand, 
56 

Carnation Brand, 59 

Hires, 57 

Lapp & Co.'s Swiss, 241 

Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 
58 

Sweet Clover Brand, 59 

Swiss, 55 
Evaporated, Borden's Peer- 
less, 56 

Danish Prize, 57 



Milk, Evaporated, Our Pet 
Brand, 57 
St. Charles Brand, 56 
Swiss, 56 
Van Camp's, 60 
Malted, A. D. S., 55 
Borden's, 56 
Horlick's, 58 
Thompson's, 60 
official standard, 62 
substitute, Klim, 59 
Sugar of, Patch's, 59 
Mince Meat, Gold Medal, 110 
Lady Betty, 260 
None Such, 111 
Mint Jelly, 282 
Mints, U-All-No, 37 

Wadsworth's, 39 
Minute Tapioca Co., Ill 
Mohawk Condensed Milk Co., 
59 
Valley Cider Co., 102 
Molasses, 170, 171, 284, 285 

and syrups, 165 
Moller, Peter, 138 
Monroe Cheese Co., 275 
Monroe Co., 230 
Monte Candy Shop, 237 
Monte Fudge Chocolates, 237 
Montserrat Lime-Fruit Juice, 

23 
Moras, Dr. E. R., 139 
Morehouse Mills, 102, 148, 162 
Morgan's, Enoch, Sons Co., 213 
Morris & Co., 148, 278 
Morton Salt Co., 255 
Mounier, Ernest, 288 



SS2 



INDEX 



Moxley, Wm. J., 275 
Moxie Co., 24 
Mueller, C. F. Co., 94 
Muhlens & KropflF, 195, 214 
Mum (Deodorant), 196 
Mum Mfg. Co., 196 
Murray, Joseph T., 196 
Mushroom (Sauce, 254 
Mushrooms, canned, 66 
Mustard, 98, 102, 105, 255 
Muster ole, 139 

Company, Inc., 139 

Nabisco, 32 

Nadinola Skin Purifier, 288 
Nail Cleanser, Supreme, 296 
Napoleon Pharmacal Co., 206 
National Biscuit Co., 31, 234 

Candy Co., 38 

Canners' Association, 43 

Oats Co., 76 

Onion Salt Co., 102, 255 

Pure Food Co., 65 

Starch Co., Ill 

Toilet Co., 288, 301 

Wafer Co., 237 

White Cross League, 301, 
307 
Native Herbs, 132 
Nesnah Desserts, 110 
Nestle, Henri, 59 
New England Confectionery 
Co., 38 
Laboratory Co., 307 
Maple Syrup Co., 102, 171 
New Skin, 140 

Company, 140 



Nikola Bathing Compound and 
Weight Reducer, 140 

Chemical Co., 140 
North Maine Packing Co., 69 
Northern Light Milling Co., 85 
North western Consolidated. 

Milling Co., 85 
Nosco Celery Seasoning, 255 

Garlic Seasoning, 256 
Nugatines, Huyler's, 36 

Lowney's, 37 

Park & Tilford's, 38 
Nujol, 273 

Numsen, Wm. & Sons, 69 
Nunnally (Atlanta, Ga.), 38 
Nut Cracker Jack, 39 
Nut Cream Butter, Carque's, 

147 
Nutmeg Flavor, 119 

0. T. Limited, 24 
Oakland Chemical Co., 140 
Oatmeal, Hornby's, 75 
Oats, Cracked, 246 

Purity, 247 

Quaker, 77 

Scott's Porage, 247 
Obelisk Graham Flour, 249 

Sanitary Bran, 249 
Obesity Remedy, 136 
Odor-0-No, 196 
Odorono Co., 196 
Oelrich & Berry Co., 284 
Oil Products Co., Inc., 272 
Okra, canned, 67, 68 
Oleomargarine, 145 

Baby Brand, 147 



INDEX 



Oleomargarine, Downey's De- 
light, 274 

Marigold, 148 

Moxley's Gold Seal, 275 

Moxley's Special, 275 

Sweet Marie, 274 

Swift's Jersey Brand, 148 

Swift's Premium Brand, 148 

Olive Oil, Adulterants in, 154, 

153 

Grapes, 135 

Olive Oils, 154, 155, 156, 280 

Olives, California Ehman, 161 

Carque's California, 127 

Del Monte Brand, 281 

Queen, 161 

Spanish Queen, 281 
Olney, Burt, Packing Co., 69, 

103, 162 
Olmsted, Allen S., 140 
Ongoline, 197 
Onion Extract, 116, 119 

Salt, 99, 102 

Sauce, Anderco, 254 
Onions, Pickled, 281 
Orangeade, 23 

Extract, 116, 118, 119, 262, 
263 
Oregon Fruit Co., 232 
Orona Mfg. Co., 305 
Oriental Manicure Specialty 

Co., 295 
Oscar's Sauce, 98 
Ovite, 111 
Ovite Mfg. Co., Ill 
Ox Tongue, Libby's, 278 
Pabst Brewing Co., 232 



Pabst Extract, 232 

Pacific Coast Condensed Milk 

Co., 59 
Package Confectionery Co., 237 
Packer Mfg. Co., 214, 305 
Pakatin-Biscuit, 30 
Palisade Manufacturing Co., 

103 
Pamunkey Mills Old Virginia 

Cornmeal, 85 
Panama Banana Fruit Co., 16 
Pancake Flour, Aunt Jemima's 
Brand, 82 
Franklin, 249 
H. 0. Buckwheat, 250 
Uncle Jerry, 251 
Teco Brand, 82 
Paris Medicine Co., 135 
Park & Tilford, 38, 171, 238 
Parker's Hair Balsam, 189 
Parmelee Mfg. Co., 260 ' 

Parmint, 270 
Patch, The E. L. Co., 59 
Pat6s de Foies Gras, 150 
Peabody, Henry W., 125 
Peach Flavor, 117, 119 
Peaches, Del Monte Brand, 45 
Cape Cod, 239 
Evaporated, 127, 128 
Himt Brothers, 46 
Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 47 
Richelieu, 239 
Peanut Butters, 146 

Beechnut Brand, 147 
Heinz's, 148 
Mrs. Morehouse's, 148 
Nut-Let, 147 



334 



INDEX 



Peanut Oil, Delft, 280 
Pears, A. F., Ltd., 214 
Del Monte Brand, 46 
Evaporated, 128 
Hunt Brothers, 46 
Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 

47 
Silver Lake Brand, 47 
Troubadour Brand, 46 
Peas, canned, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 

244, 245 
Peck Bros. & Winch, 230 
Peconut Crisp, 238 
Penick & Ford, 171, 285 
Peninsular Chemical Co., 288, 

297, 301, 306, 308 
Penslar Face Creams, 288 
Pepper, 99, 100, 104 
Pepper, Dr. Co., 24 
Pepper Sauce, Tabasco, 100, 

101 
Peppermint Essence, 119, 121 
Peppermint Lariot, 238 
Peptonized Food, Thompson's, 

60 
Peredixo Cream, 177 
Perfumes, 199, 200, 201, 297 
Peter Cailler Kohler Swiss 

Chocolates Co., 8, 38 
Peterson, H. S. & Co., 190 
Phillips, Charles H., Chemical 

Co., 8 
Phillips Packing Co., 69 
Philo Hay Specialties Co., 190 
Piccalilli, 281, 282 
Pickles, 160, 161, 281, 282 
Pickman, P. G. & Bros., 227 



Pierce, S. S. Co., 25 

Pike's Universal Toothache 

Drops, 133 
Pillsbury Flour Mills Co., 85, 

252 
Pin Money Pickles, 282 
Pinaud, Ed., 190, 200 
Pineapple, Del Monte Brand, 
45 
extract, 116, 117, 119 
Hawaiian Sliced, Paradise 
Island Brand, 46 
Juice, 23 
Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 47 
Pineapple Juice, Clark's, 232 

Dole's Pure Hawaiian, 23 
Pineapple Marmalade, 160 
Pistachio Flavor, 116, 117 
Pistachios, 159 
Pitkin, J. M. & Co., 120 
Piver, L. T., 295, 297, 302 
Pixoap Works, 306 
Plexo Preparations, Inc., 183, 

206 
Plum Pudding, Alredie Brand, 
257 
Beale's English, 257 
Heinz, 110 
Old English, 259 
Plums, canned, 162 
Del Monte Brand, 46 
Egg, 239 

Troubadour Brand, 46 
Piatt, Henry B., 272 
Piatt's Chlorides, 272 
Plymouth Rock Gelatin Co., 
112 



INDEX 



335 



Pompeian Company, 156 
Mfg. Co., 183, 289 
Massage Cream, 183 
Pond, E. K. Packing Co., 151 
Pond's Extract, 140 
Pond's Extract Co., 140, 183, 

308 
Pork and Beans, canned, 67, 68, 

70, 243, 245 
Porto Rico Trading Co., Inc., 

16 
Post Toasties, 76 
Postum Cereal Co., 16, 76 
Potter Drug & Chemical Co., 

141, 214 
Potter & Wrightington, 16, 86 
Poultry Seasoning, 98, 99 
Powell's (New York), 38 
Pozzoni, J. A. Pharmacal Co., 

206 
Pozzoni's Gold Puff Box, 206 
Pratt-Low Preserving Co., 

162 
Pray, Dr. J. Parker, 183, 197, 

207 
Premium Fruit Flavors, 119 
Preserves, 159, 160, 161, 162 

adulterants in, 157 
Price Baking Powder Co., 4 
Price Flavoring Extract Co., 

120 
Priscilla Parsons Perspiration 

Preventative, 194 
Pritchard, E., 103 
Proctor & Gamble Co., 149, 214 
Prophytol Antiseptic Solution, 

272 



Prophytol Products Co., 272, 

308 
Puddine, 258 

Pudding, Plum, 110, 257, 259 
Pudding, Ready Mixt, 257 
Pumpkin, canned, 69 
Pura Mfg. Co., 184, 207 
Pure Gluten Food Co., 141 
Pure Wheat Products, 83 
Purina Mills, 85 
Puritan Fruit Products Co., 25 
Purity Oats Co., 247 
Pyro Chemical Co., 222 
Pyrodentor, 222 

Quaker Oats Co., 77, 247 

Puffed Rice, 77 

Puffed Wheat, 77 

Corn Puffs, 247 
Quimby, W. S. Co., 16, 18 
Quince Jam, 160 

Rabb, Charles, 103 
Racarma, 289, 298 
Rae, S. & Co., 156 
Raffeto, G. B., 260 
Raisins, Berry Brand, 128 

Blue Ribbon Brand, 128 

Cresca, 128 

Del Monte Brand, 127 

Golden West Brand, 128 

Ideal "Not-a-Seed," 127 

Princess Brand, 129 

Royal Scarlet, 129 

White Rose California, 129 
Ralston Purina Co., 77 
Ramogen, 240 



336 



INDEX 



Randall Grape Juice Co., 232 
Raspberries, Williamson Brand, 

46 
Raspberry Extract, 116, 117 
Raw Food, Tyler's, 78 
Ready Mixt Custard Pudding, 
257 
Icing and Filling, 257 
Remmers, 214 
Remmers, B. & Sons, 32 
Resinol Soap Co, 215 
Rex Wrinkle Pencil, 184 
Rexall Tooth Powder, 223 
Rheinstorm Brothers, 239 
Rice, Apex Brand, 89 

Carque's Natural Whole, 89 

Comet Brand, 90 

Great Valley Brown, 250 

Hotel Astor, 89 

Leggett's Natural Brown, 89 

White Swan Granulated, 89 
Rich, E. C, 112 

Richardson & Robbins, 65, 151 
Ricinol Grape, 135 
Ridgeway House, 230 
Ridgewood Orchard, 282 
Rieger, the California Perfum- 
er, 200 
Ritter Conserve Co., 103 
Robertson Preserve Co., The 

James, 162 
Roessler & Hasslacher Chemi- 
cal Co., 215 
Roger & Gallet, 200, 215 
Roman Meal, 85 

Meal Co., 85 
Root, A. I. Co., 285 



Rosaline, 197 

Rose Flavor, 118, 119, 120, 121 

L. & Co., 25 

Petal Wrinkle Cream Co., 
184 
Ross, W. A. & Sons, Ltd., 25 
Royal Baking Powder, 4 

Black Fruit Cake, 233 

Lunch, 32 

Mfg. Co., 184 

Olvules, 138 

Specialty Co., 65 

Tooth Powder, 219 
Rueckheim Bros. & Eckstein, 

39, 141 
Rumford Chemical Works, 4 
Rusks, Holland, 29 

Jireh Diatetic, 29 
Russell-Miller Co., 86 
Rye Flour, 250 

S. & S. Co., 279, 282 
Sachets, Azurea, 295 
Salad Dressings, adulterants 
in, 96 
Durkee's, 100 
Howard's, 101 
Mrs, Morehouse's Cream 

Brand, 102 
My Wife's, 100 
Premier, 255 
Yacht Club, 105 
Salada Tea Co., 18 
Saleratus, Slade's, 4 
Salmon, Clover Leaf, 265 
Highwood Brand, 124 
Red Heart Brand, 124 



INDEX 



337, 



Salmon, Royal Scarlet, 125 
Salt, Ivory Shaker, 105 
Morton's Free Running, 255 

Shaker Table, 100 
Saltine Biscuits, 32 
Sam Katz Company, 141 

Oxygen Treatment for Ca- 
tarrh, 141 
San Tox Boro-Thymol, 269 

Carbolized Witch Hazel 
Salve, 269 
Sands, Taylor & Wood Co., 86 
Sandwich, cheese, 31 
Sanitol Chemical Laboratory 

Co., 223 
Sardines, California, 123 

Carnival, 264 

Emery & Co.'s deviled, 124 

Normanna, 266 

Salome Brand, 123 

Skipper, 125 

Yacht Club, 264 
Sargol, 142 
Sargol Company, 142 
Sarsaparilla, Hywaco, 24 

Tally-Ho, 25 
Sartoin, 175 
Sasso, P. & Figli, 273 
Sasso's Emulsion, 273 
Sasso's Medicinal Olive Oil, 273 
Sauce, Anchovy, 254 

China Soy, 254 

Chutney, 254 

Mushroom, 254 

Walnut Catsup, 254 

Worcestershire, 101, 254 
Sauer, C. F. Co., 120, 262 



Sauer Kraut, canned, 68 

Sausage, Deerfoot Farm, 277 
Forest Home Farm, 150 
Frank & Sons, 150, 277 
Grand View Farm Produce 

Co.'s, 150 
Hormel's, 278 
Jones Dairy Farm, 151 

Saut€ Products Corp., 275 

Sawtay, 275 

Saxo Salve, 271 

Schieffelin & Co., 65, 138 

Schorn & Brower, 230 

Schraflft's (New York), 39 

Schuyler, A. C, 25 

Scott, A. & R., 247 

Scrapple, Forest Home Farm, 
150 
Liberty Brand, 279 

Sea Beach Packing Works, 125 

Seaboard Rice Milling Co., 77, 
90 

Seaman Brothers, 69, 77, 129 

Seele-Thompson Co., 190 

Sel Amaigrissant, 133 

"Sempre Giovine," 182 

Shac (Headache Cure), 143 

Shampoo, A. D. S. Liquid, 188 
Canthrox, 190 
Dorothy Vernon, 292 
Foso Foam, 291 
Gille's Spun Gold, 189 
Johnson's Palm-Olive, 190 
La vox, 190 
Lee's Liquid, 290 
Mulsified Cocoanut Oil, 293 
Royal Olive Powder, 292 



INDEX 



Shampoo, Stem's Liquid, 292 
Swedish Hair Powder, 192 
Ward's Dandru-Cide, 192 
Vioma, 293 

Powders, adulterants in, 187 
Shane Brothers & Wilson Ck)., 

86 
Shaving Cream, San Tox, 286 
Sheboygan Mineral Water Co., 

25 
Sheffield Dentifrice Co., 223 
Sherer-Gillett Co., 263 
Shredded Wheat Co., 77 
Shrimp, Davis's, 124 
Shure-Whip, 261 
Sills, John S. & Sons, 70 
Simon, J., 184 
Skin Food, 180, 181 
Skinner Mfg. Co., 263 
Slade, D. L. & Co., 4, 104, 121 
Smith, B. D., 261 
Smith, J. Hungerford, Grape 

Juice Co., 232 
Smith, Kline & French, 59 
Snaparoons, 234 
Snider, T. A., Preserves Co., 

105, 245 
Soap, A. D. S. Improved Foot, 
210 
A. D. S. Kurakutic, 210 
Carnation, 306 
Cashmere Bouquet, 211 
Colgate's Heliotrope, 211 
Cuticura, 214 
Fairy, 211 
Forget-me-not, 306 
Foso, 291 



Soap, Glenn's Sulphur, 211 
H. and H, Cleaner, 305 
Hand Sapolio, 213 
Hind's Honey and Almond 

Cream, 212 
Hudnut's Violet Sec, 212 
Ivory, 214 
Jap-Rose, 213 
Jergen's Violet Glycerine, 

212 
Jersey Cream, 306 
Johnson's Palm Olive, 212 
Klein's Glycerin, 213 
Lifebuoy Health, 213 
Lilac Toilet, 306 
Lilly's Liquid, 213 
Olivilo, 215 
Orona Lily Cream, 305 
Packer's Liquid Tar, 305 
Packer's Tar, 214 
Pears, 214 

Perfect Cold Cream, 304 
Peroxide Zinc, 215 
Pixoap Tar, 306 
ilemmer's Peroxide, 214 
Resinol, 215 

Savon de Toilette Luxor, 211 
Savon Sylvodora, 306 
Savon Violette, 215 
Sop-o-zon, 304 
Suprema Violet, 306 
Synol, 213 
Vaseline, 304 

White Rose Glycerin, 214 
Williams', 306 
Woodbury's Facial, 212 
Zap, 211 



INDEX 



339 



Soaps, cleansing power, 209 
Society Alsacienne D'Alimenta- 

tion, 238 
Soft drinks, impurities of, 19 
Soups, Condensed, Richardson 
& Bobbin's, 65 
Campbeirs, 62, 242 
Franco-American, 63 
Heinz's, 242 
Knorr's, 63 
Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 

64 
Puro Brands, 65 
W. C. Beale Fish Co.'s, 242 
Yours Truly, 63 
Southern California Fish Co., 
125 
Cotton Oil Co., 156 
Mfg. Co., 225 
Southwestern Milling Co., 87 
Sozodont Tooth Paste, 220 
Spaghetti, Faust Brand, 94 
Fould's, 93 
food qualities, 91 
Heinz canned, 93 
Mueller's, 94 
Skinner Mfg. Co.'s, 253 
Uncle Sam, 253 
Van Camp's canned, 94 
Spencer Kellogg & Sons, 143 
Spices, 98 

Colburn's, 98, 99 
Fischer & Co.'s, 100 
Slade's, 104 
Stickney & Poor's, 105 
Spinach, canned, 66, 67, 68, 69, 
70, 71 



Sponge Lady Fingers, 32 
Sprague, Warner & Co., 16, 

105, 239, 245 
Squire, John P. & Co., 279 
Stafford-Miller Co., 207 
Standard Bottling & Extract 

Co., 25 
Standard Oil Co., 273 
Stearns, Frederick & Co., 143 
Steero Bouillon Cubes, 65 
Stein, M., Cosmetic Co., 289 
Stenzie, 197 
Stenzie Mfg. Co., 197 
Sterizol (Antiseptic), 143 
Sterizol Sales Co., 143 
Stern & Saalberg, 238 
Sterns, Detroit, 289, 292, 296, 

302, 306 
Stewart, R. N. Co., 129 
Stickney & Poor Spice Co., 105, 

121 
Stillman's Freckle Cream Co., 

185 
Stollwerck Brothers, Inc., 9 
Strawberries, Boyle's Victory 

Brand, 45 
Strawberry Extract, 116, 117, 

120, 263 
String Beans, canned, 6G, 67, 

69, 70 
Stromeyer, J, & Co., 172 
Succotash, canned, 67, 69, 243 
Suchard (Switzerland), 39 
Sugar, cane and beet, 163 
Crystal Domino, 169 
invert, 164 
Sugar of Milk, Patch's, 59 



S40 



INDEX 



Sulpho-Napthol, 143 
Sulpho-Napthol Co., 143 
Sunshine Biscuit, Wafers, etc., 
30, 31 

Golden Flakes, 233 
Supreme Nail Cleanser, 296 
Sutol Rouge, 295 
Swans Down Cracked Wheat, 

84 
Swedish Hair Powder, 191 
*'Sweetina," Hoyt's, 141 
Swift & Co., 148, 152, 279 
Syrup, Crystal Domino, 169 

Park & Tilford's Amber, 171 

Penn Mar Brand, 172 

Velva Brand, 171 
Syrups, adulterants in, 167 

and molasses, 165 

Tabasco Pepper Sauce, Gai- 
dry's, 100 

Mcllhenny's, 101 
Takoma Biscuit, 31 
Talcum Puff Co., 302 
Tapioca, Instantaneous, 109 

Minute, 111 

New Process Hasty, 109 
Taroena, 241 
Taroena Food Co., 241 
Tea, Ceylon Indian Blend, 230 

Dalmoy Blend, 17 

Golden Dome Orange Pekoe, 
18 

Hotel Astor, 17 

House of Lords Ceylon, 17 

Juno Mat€ Paraguayan, 17 

Lip ton's, 18 



Tea, London Blend Brand, 17 
Magic Cup Soluble, 17 
"My Own" Blend, 18 
Ridgeway's, 230 
Royal Garden, 228 
Royal Stag, 18 
Salada, 18 
Sa-Sa-Ma Brand, 17 
Standard HE-NO, 17 
Tetley's, 18 

White House Brand Orange 
Pekoe, 17 
Tebbetts & Garland Store, 

230 
Teco Brand Buckwheat and 

other Flours, 83 
Tetley, Joseph & Co., 18 
Tetlow, Henry, 207 
Theobromin in chocolate, 5 
Three Millers Co., 261 
Thompson's Hemo, 60 
Food Peptonized, 60 
Thompson's Malted Food Co., 
60 
Malted Milk, 60 
Tildesley & Co., 105 

Tiz, 134 
Toasterettes, Educator, 30 
Toilet Powder, A. D. S., Ma- 
jestic Lilac Talc, 203 
Air Float, 302 
Armour's, 203 
Baby Talc, 299 
Baby Bunting, 300 
Carmen Complexion, 207 
Cashmere Bouquet, 299 
Casma Talcum, 204 



INDEX 



841 



Toilet Powder, Colgate's Violet 

Talcum, 204 
Corylopsis, 299 
Dactylis, 299 
Debutante, 300 
Dr. Pray's Hy-Gen-ia, 207 
Eclat, 299 

Elcaya Rice Powder, 204 
Freeman's Medicated, 204 
Geisha, 208 
Gill6's, 204 

Heyer's Prickly Heat Pow- 
der, 205 
Hudnut's Violet Sec, 205 
Hymettus Rose-Violet, 207 
Ingram's Velveola, 300 
Jap-Rose Talcum, 205 
Kutch Sandalwood, 208, 

303 
La Blanche, 205 
La Tosca Rose, 303 
Lillian Russell's Purity, 

300 
Marinello, 206 
Mennen's, 206 
Nadine, 301 
Napoleon Lilac Aseptic, 

206 
No-Talc, 299 
Oriental Wistaria Talcum, 

205 
Penslar, 301 

Plexo Evening White, 206 
Poudre de Riz, 301 
Poudre de Riz, Azurea, 302 
Pozzoni's Gold Puff Box, 

206 



Toilet Powder, Priscilla Par- 
sons Face Powder, 203 
Riveris Talcum, 205 
Royal Violet, 203 
San Toy Talcum, 208 
San Tox, 300 
Suprema, 302 
Tetlow's Superb Gossamer, 

207 
Velveton Complexion Beau- 

tifier, 301 
Violatalc, 302 
Violet, 301 
Vogue Liquid Complexion, 

208 
Vogue Poudre de Riz, 208 
White Complexion, 301 
Williams Violet Talcum, 

208 
Wistaria Blossom Tale, 208 
Toilet Water, 199, 200, 201, 

297 
To-Kalon Mfg. Co., Inc., 185, 

191 
Tokstad, R., 266, 276 
Tomatoes, canned, 66, 67, 70, 

243 
Tongue, Red Cross Brand, 151 
Tonic, "O. T.,'* 24 
Tooth Paste, A. D. S. Peredixo, 
219 
Burrill's, 307 
Colgate's Ribbon Dental 

Cream, 220 
Kolynos, 221 
Lavoris, 221 
Luxor, 219 



342 



INDEX 



Tooth Paste, Oraline, 309 

Pebeco, 221 

Penslar, 308 

Pond's, 308 

Prophytol Antiseptic, 308 

Pyrodento, 223 

San Tox, 307 

Sanative, 307 

Sanitol, 223 

Scheffield's, 223 

Sozodont, 220 
Powder, A. D. S. Peroxide, 
219 

Burrill's, 307 

Calox, 222 

Dentacura, 220 

Grave's Unequalled, 307 

Lyon's Perfect, 221 

misleading claims for, 216- 
218 

Penslar, 308 

Prophytol, 309 

Rexall, 223 

Royal, 219 
Toothache Drops, Pike's Uni- 
versal, 133 
Tonrnade's Kitchen Bouquet, 

103 
Towle Maple Products Co., 172 
Tropical Fruit Juice Co., 232 
Troubadour Brand Canned 

Fruits, 46 
Tryphosa, 112 
Tima, Avalon Brand, 125 

Blue Sea, 125 
Tuna, Panama Brand, 266 
Twitchell-Champlin Co., 70 



Tyler, Byron, 78 

Uncle Sam Breakfast Food Co., 

78 
Uncle Sam Macaroni Co., 253 

Health Food, 78 
Underwood, W. M. Co., 152 
Uneeda Biscuits, 32 
United Berne Zurich Choeolat 

Mfg. Co., 39 
United Cereal Mills, Ltd., 78 

Drug Co., 223, 293 
Usoline Oil, 272 

Vagt, R., 172 

Van Buskirk's Sozodont Tooth 

Paste, 220 
Van Houten & Sons (Holland), 

9 
Van Camp Packing Co., 60, 70, 

94 
Vanheller, 262 
Van-Ola, 183 
Van-Thomas Co., 125 
Vanilla Extract, 116, 117, 119, 

120, 121, 262, 263 
Vanillin, definition of, 114 
Vantine, A. A. & Co., 200, 208, 

303 
Vaseline, 132, 133, 268 
Veal Loaf, Libby, McNeill & 

Libby's, 151 
Vegetable extract, Vegex, 62 
Vegex Bouillon Cubes, 242 
Vermont Maple Sugar Makers' 

Market, 172 
Vibert, F., 191 
Victoria Tea Co., 18 



INDEX 



343 



Vienna Sugar Fingers, 31 
Vieno Bran, 82 
Vieno-Self-Raising Bran Meal, 

82 
Vinegar, Crosse & Blackwell's, 
100 
Heinz's, 101 
Marzahl's, 102 
Mohawk Valley Cider Co/s, 

102 
Pinard Brand, 99 
Wayne County Produce Co.'a, 
105 
Vinegars, adulterants in, 97 
Vinol, 271 
Viona Co., 293 
Vogt, F. G. & Sons, 279 
Vogue Perfumery Co., 201, 208 

Wadsworth Chocolate Co., 39 
Wafers, Chocolate, 31 

Educator, 30 

Epic, 31 

Ivins' Bonnie, 29 

Ivins' Lunch-on-Thin, 29 

Sunshine Dessert, 31 

Sunshine Tan San, 31 

Surprise, 237 

Wintergreen Nawaco, 237 

Vanilla, 32 
Wakelee's Camelline, 180 
Waldeyer & Betts, 192 
Warden Company, 192 
Ward's Dandru-Cide Shampoo, 

191 
Washburn-Croshy Co., 87, 252 
Washington Crisps, 78 



Watkins, R. L. Co., 293 
Watson, Angus & Co., 125 
Wayne Coimty Produce Co., 

105 
Waw-Waw Sauce Co., 105 
Webster, Fred L., 70 
Weight, net, of canned goods, 

42 
Welch Brothers Maple Co., 172 

Grape Juice Co., 25 
Wesson Snowdrift Oil, 156 
West Disinfecting Co., 144 
Wheat Bran, Sterilized, 251 
Wheat, cracked, 84, 247 
Wheat Food, Ralston, 77 
Wheat, Shredded, 77 
Wheat-a-Laxa, 252 
Wheatena Company, 78 
White Cross Toilet Powder Co., 

296 
White, John F., 70 
White, S. S. Dental Mfg. Co., 

309 
White Stokes Co., Inc., 261 
Whitman, Stephen F. & Son, 

Inc., 9, 40, 112 
Wilbur, H. O. & Sons, 40 
Wildroot Chemical Co., 192 
Willamette Valley Prune 

Ass'n, 129 
Williams, J. B. Co., 208, 290, 

298, 303, 306 
Williams, R. C. & Co., 70, 125, 

129 
Wincarnis, 22 
Windermere Ranch, 280 
Wintergreen essence, 117, 120 



344 



INDEX 



Woodbury '8 Facial Soap, 212 
Woodcock Macaroni Co., 94 
Wool Heal, 144 
Woolheal Chemical Co., 144 
Worcester Salt Co., 105 
Worcestershire Sauce, Anderco, 

254 
Worcestershire Sauce, Hol- 

brook's, 101 
Lea & Perrins', 101 
Wrinkle Eradicator, 194 
Wrisley, Allen B. Co., 201, 208, 

215 



Wulfing, A. & Co., 131 
Wyeth, John & Bro., 25 

Yarmouth Bloaters, 265 
Yeast, Corby Brothers*, 3 
Fleischmann's, 3 



Zanol Flavoring Extracts, 262 
Zinc Ointment, 268 
Zu-Zu Ginger Snaps, 32 
Zwieback, 234 




















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